1. Duncan I MacCrinan King of Scots, son of Crinan the Thane Lay Abbot of Dunkeld, Governor of Scots Islands and Bethoc, died on 14 Aug 1040 near Elgin.
Death Notes: Murdered by Macbeth near Elgin, 14 Aug. 1040.
Research Notes: Source: Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, line 170-20.
"He besieged Durham, 1035. '1034. Duncan, the son of Crinan, abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethoc, daughter of Malcolm, the son of Kenneth, reigned six years.' This source believes the unbroken succession of the kings of the Scots from Fergus to Malcolm II is "soundly and convincingly authenticated."
Noted events in his life were:
• Crowned: King of Scots, 1034. King of Scots 1034-1040.
Duncan married [a daughter] of Siward Danish Earl of Northumbria.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 2 M i. Malcolm III Canmore King of Scots was born about 1031 and died on 13 Nov 1093 in Alnwick, Northumberland, England about age 62.
Second Generation 2. Malcolm III Canmore King of Scots was born about 1031 and died on 13 Nov 1093 in Alnwick, Northumberland, England about age 62. Another name for Malcolm was Malcolm III King of Scotland.
Death Notes: Slain while besieging Alnwick Castle.
Research Notes: Source: Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 170-21.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crowned: King of Scots, 17 Mar 1057 or 1058, Scone. King of Scots 1058-1093
Malcolm married Ingiborg in 1059.
Malcolm next married St. Margaret of Scotland 1068 or 1069 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. Margaret was born in 1045 in Hungary and died on 16 Nov 1093 at age 48.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, line 170-21 (Malcolm III Canmore) has m. 1068/9 in Dunfermline. St. Margaret was Malcolm's 2nd wife.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 3 F i. Matilda of Scotland was born in 1079 in Dermfermline and died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 39.
+ 4 M ii. David I "The Saint" King of Scots was born about 1080 and died on 24 May 1153 in Carlisle about age 73.
Third Generation 3. Matilda of Scotland was born in 1079 in Dermfermline and died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 39. Other names for Matilda were Edith of Scotland, and Maud of Scotland.
Research Notes: Source: Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: AAncestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-22
Matilda married Henry I Beauclerc King of England on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey, London, England. Henry was born about Sep 1068 in Selby, Yorkshire, England and died on 1 Dec 1135 in St. Denis-le-Fermont, France about age 67. Another name for Henry was Henry I King of England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 5 F i. EmpressMatilda Countess of Anjou was born about 1102 and died on 10 Sep 1167 about age 65.
4. David I "The Saint" King of Scots was born about 1080 and died on 24 May 1153 in Carlisle about age 73.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, line 170-22.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crowned: King of Scots, 23 Apr 1124. King of Scots 23 Apr. 1124-1153.
David married Maud of Huntingdon 1113 or 1114. Maud was born in 1072 and died 1130 or 1131 at age 58.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 6 M i. Henry of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38.
Fourth Generation 5. EmpressMatilda Countess of Anjou was born about 1102 and died on 10 Sep 1167 about age 65. Another name for Matilda was Empress Maud Countess of Anjou.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008., Line 1-23
Some other source has b. Feb 1101
Matilda married Geoffrey V Plantagenet Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy on 3 Apr 1127 in Le Mans, France. Geoffrey was born on 24 Aug 1113 in Anjou, France, died on 7 Sep 1151 at age 38, and was buried in Le Mans, France. Another name for Geoffrey was Geoffrey 'the Fair' Plantagenet Count of Anjou.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 7 M i. Henry II "Curtmantel" King of England was born on 5 Mar 1132 in Le Mans, France, died on 6 Jul 1189 at age 57, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey.
6. Henry of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 170-23
Henry married Ada de Warenne in 1139. Ada died about 1178.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 8 F i. Margaret of Huntingdon died in 1201.
Fifth Generation 7. Henry II "Curtmantel" King of England was born on 5 Mar 1132 in Le Mans, France, died on 6 Jul 1189 at age 57, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey. Another name for Henry was King Henry II of England.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-24
Henry married Eleanor of Aquitaine on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux, France. Eleanor was born about 1124 and died on 31 Mar 1204 about age 80.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 9 F i. Eleanor of England .
+ 10 M ii. KingJohn "Lackland" of England was born 24 Dec 1166 or 1167 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England, died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Lincolnshire, England at age 49, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, England.
8. Margaret of Huntingdon died in 1201.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 96-26
Margaret married Humphrey IV de Bohun in 1175. Humphrey died in 1182.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 11 M i. Henry de Bohun 5th Earl of Hereford, Sheriff of Kent was born in 1176 and died on 1 Jun 1220 at age 44.
Sixth Generation 9. Eleanor of England . Another name for Eleanor is Leonora of England and Aquitaine.
General Notes: Wikipedia has more.
Eleanor married Alfonso VIII "the Noble" King of Castile in 1176. Alfonso was born on 11 Nov 1155 and died on 5 Oct 1214 at age 58. Another name for Alfonso was El de las Navas.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 12 F i. Blanche of Castile was born on 4 Mar 1188 in Palencia, [Palencia, Castile-Leon], Spain and died on 26 Nov 1252 at age 64.
10. KingJohn "Lackland" of England was born 24 Dec 1166 or 1167 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England, died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Lincolnshire, England at age 49, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, England. Other names for John were John King of England, and John "Lackland" King of England.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 29A-26 has b. Oxford, 24 Dec. 1167, d. Newark, 19 Oct. 1216. Line 1-25 has b. Oxford, 24 Dec. 1166/7
From Wikipedia - John of England :
John (24 December 1166 - 19 October 1216 [1]) reigned as King of England from 6 April 1199 , until his death. He succeeded to the throne as the younger brother of King Richard I (known in later times as "Richard the Lionheart"). John acquired the nicknames of "Lackland" (French : Sans Terre) for his lack of an inheritance as the youngest son and for his loss of territory to France , and of "Soft-sword" for his alleged military ineptitude.[2] He was a Plantagenet or Angevin king.
Apart from entering popular legend as the enemy of the fictional Robin Hood , he is also known for acquiescing to the nobility and signing Magna Carta , a document that limited his power and that is popularly regarded as an early first step in the evolution of modern democracy .
Born at Beaumont Palace , Oxford , John was the fifth son and last of eight children born to Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine . He was almost certainly born in 1166 instead of 1167, as is sometimes claimed.[3]
He was a younger maternal half-brother of Marie de Champagne and Alix of France , his mother's children by her first marriage to Louis VII of France , which was later annulled. He was a younger brother of William, Count of Poitiers ; Henry the Young King ; Matilda, Duchess of Saxony ; Richard I of England ; Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany ; Leonora, Queen of Castile ; and Joan, Queen of Sicily
Early life
While John was his father's favourite son, as the youngest he could expect no inheritance . His family life was tumultuous, as his older brothers all became involved in repeated rebellions against Henry . Eleanor was imprisoned by Henry in 1173, when John was a small boy.
As a child, John was betrothed to Alys (pronounced 'Alice'), daughter and heiress of Humbert III of Savoy . It was hoped that by this marriage the Angevin dynasty would extend its influence beyond the Alps , because John was promised the inheritance of Savoy , the Piemonte , Maurienne , and the other possessions of Count Humbert. King Henry promised his young son castles in Normandy which had been previously promised to his brother Geoffrey, which was for some time a bone of contention between King Henry and his son Geoffrey. Alys made the trip over the Alps and joined Henry's court, but she died before being married.
Gerald of Wales relates that King Henry had a curious painting in a chamber of Winchester Castle , depicting an eagle being attacked by three of its chicks, while a fourth chick crouched, waiting for its chance to strike. When asked the meaning of this picture, King Henry said:
The four young ones of the eagle are my four sons, who will not cease persecuting me even unto death. And the youngest, whom I now embrace with such tender affection, will someday afflict me more grievously and perilously than all the others.
Before his accession, John had already acquired a reputation for treachery, having conspired sometimes with and sometimes against his elder brothers, Henry, Richard and Geoffrey. In 1184, John and Richard both claimed that they were the rightful heir to Aquitaine, one of many unfriendly encounters between the two. In 1185, John became the ruler of Ireland , whose people grew to despise him, causing John to leave after only eight months...
Death
John's tomb effigy
Retreating from the French invasion, John took a safe route around the marshy area of the Wash to avoid the rebel held area of East Anglia . His slow baggage train (including the Crown Jewels ), however, took a direct route across it and was lost to the unexpected incoming tide. This dealt John a terrible blow, which affected his health and state of mind. Succumbing to dysentery and moving from place to place, he stayed one night at Sleaford Castle before dying on 18 October (or possibly 19 October ) 1216 , at Newark Castle (then in Lincolnshire , now on Nottinghamshire 's border with that county). Numerous, possibly fictitious, accounts circulated soon after his death that he had been killed by poisoned ale, poisoned plums or a "surfeit of peaches".
He was buried in Worcester Cathedral in the city of Worcester .
His nine-year-old son succeeded him and became King Henry III of England (1216-72), and although Louis continued to claim the English throne, the barons switched their allegiance to the new king, forcing Louis to give up his claim and sign the Treaty of Lambeth in 1217.
[edit ] Legacy
King John's tomb
King John's reign has been traditionally characterised as one of the most disastrous in English history: it began with defeats-he lost Normandy to Philip Augustus of France in his first five years on the throne-and ended with England torn by civil war and himself on the verge of being forced out of power. In 1213, he made England a papal fief to resolve a conflict with the Roman Catholic Church , and his rebellious barons forced him to sign Magna Carta in 1215, the act for which he is best remembered...
Marriage and issue
In 1189, John was married to Isabel of Gloucester , daughter and heiress of William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (she is given several alternative names by history, including Avisa, Hawise, Joan, and Eleanor). They had no children, and John had their marriage annulled on the grounds of consanguinity , some time before or shortly after his accession to the throne, which took place on 6 April 1199 , and she was never acknowledged as queen. (She then married Geoffrey FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville, 2nd Earl of Essex as her second husband and Hubert de Burgh as her third).
John remarried, on 24 August 1200 , Isabella of Angoulême , who was twenty years his junior. She was the daughter of Aymer Taillefer , Count of Angouleme. John had kidnapped her from her fiancé, Hugh X of Lusignan .
Isabella bore five children:
John is given a great taste for lechery by the chroniclers of his age, and even allowing some embellishment, he did have many illegitimate children. Matthew Paris accuses him of being envious of many of his barons and kinsfolk, and seducing their more attractive daughters and sisters. Roger of Wendover describes an incident that occurred when John became enamoured of Margaret, the wife of Eustace de Vesci and an illegitimate daughter of King William I of Scotland . Eustace substituted a prostitute in her place when the king came to Margaret's bed in the dark of night; the next morning, when John boasted to Vesci of how good his wife was in bed, Vesci confessed and fled.
John had the following illegitimate children:
By an unknown mistress (or mistresses) John fathered:
(The surname of FitzRoy is Norman-French for son of the king.)
Noted events in his life were:
• Crowned: King of England, 1199. King of England 1199-1216
John married Isabella of Angoulême on 10 May 1200. Isabella was born about 1186, died on 31 May 1246 in Fontevrault Abbey, France about age 60, and was buried in Fontevrault Abbey, France. Another name for Isabella was Isabella Taillefer of Angoulême.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A-28 has m. John 10 May 1200, but line 117-27 has m. 24 Aug 1200.
Noted events in their marriage were:
• Marriage: possibly, 24 Aug 1200, Bordeaux, France.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 13 M i. KingHenry III of England was born on 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Winchester, [Hampshire], England, died on 16 Nov 1272 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 65, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England.
14 M ii. Richard 1st Earl of Cornwall, King of the Romans was born on 5 Jan 1209 and died on 2 Apr 1272 at age 63.
Richard had a relationship with Joan de Valletort. This couple did not marry.
15 F iii. Joan Queen Consort of Scotland was born in 1210 and died in 1238 at age 28.
16 F iv. Isabella was born in 1214 and died in 1241 at age 27.
+ 17 F v. Eleanor was born in 1215 and died on 13 Apr 1275 at age 60.
John next had a relationship with Clemence. This couple did not marry.
+ 18 F i. Joan Princess of Gwynedd was born before 1200 and died between 30 Mar 1236 and Feb 1237.
11. Henry de Bohun 5th Earl of Hereford, Sheriff of Kent was born in 1176 and died on 1 Jun 1220 at age 44.
Death Notes: Died on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 97-27. "5th Earl of Hereford, sheriff of Kent, 1200, Hereditary Constable of England, Magna Charta Surety, 1215"
Henry married Maud FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville. Maud died on 27 Aug 1236.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 19 M i. Humphrey V de Bohun 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex was born by 1208 and died on 24 Sep 1275 at age 67.
Seventh Generation 
12. Blanche of Castile was born on 4 Mar 1188 in Palencia, [Palencia, Castile-Leon], Spain and died on 26 Nov 1252 at age 64. Another name for Blanche was Blanca of Castile.
Research Notes: Double check this. Someone put a note in Wikipedia "This info is wrong"
From Wikipedia - Blanche of Castile :
Blanche of Castile (March 4 , 1188 - November 26 , 1252 ), wife of Louis VIII of France . She was born in Palencia , Spain , the third daughter of Alfonso VIII , king of Castile , and of Eleanor of England . Eleanor was a daughter of Henry II of England and his Queen consort Eleanor of Aquitaine .
In consequence of a treaty between Philip Augustus and John of England , Blanche's sister Urraca was betrothed to the former's son, Louis. Their grandmother Eleanor, upon getting acquainted with the two sisters, judged that Blanche's personality was more fit for a queen of France. In the spring of 1200 she brought her to France instead. On May 22 , 1200 the treaty was finally signed, John ceding with his niece the fiefs of Issoudun and Gracay , together with those that André de Chauvigny , lord of Châteauroux, held in Berry , of the English crown. The marriage was celebrated the next day, at Portmort on the right bank of the Seine , in John's domains, as those of Philip lay under an interdict.
Blanche first displayed her great qualities in 1216, when Louis, who on the death of John claimed the English crown in her right, invaded England, only to find a united nation against him. Philip Augustus refused to help his son, and Blanche was his sole support. The queen established herself at Calais and organized two fleets, one of which was commanded by Eustace the Monk , and an army under Robert of Courtenay ; but all her resolution and energy were in vain. Although it would seem that her masterful temper exercised a sensible influence upon her husband's gentler character, her role during his reign (1223-1226) is not well known.
Upon his death he left Blanche regent and guardian of his children. Of her twelve or thirteen children, six had died, and Louis, the heir - afterwards the sainted Louis IX - was but twelve years old. The situation was critical, for the hard-won domains of the house of Capet seemed likely to fall to pieces during a minority. Blanche had to bear the whole burden of affairs alone, to break up a league of the barons (1226), and to repel the attack of the king of England (1230). But her energy and firmness overcame all dangers. There was an end to the calumnies circulated against her, based on the poetical homage rendered her by Theobald IV of Champagne , and the prolonged stay in Paris of the papal legate, Romano Bonaventura , cardinal of Sant' Angelo.
The nobles were awed by her warlike preparations or won over by adroit diplomacy, and their league was broken up. St Louis owed his realm to his mother, but he himself always remained somewhat under the spell of her imperious personality. After he came of age, in 1234, her influence upon him may still be traced. The same year, he was married, and Blanche became Queen mother . In 1248 she again became regent, during Louis IX's absence on the crusade, a project which she had strongly opposed. In the disasters which followed she maintained peace, while draining the land of men and money to aid her son in the East. At last her strength failed her. She fell ill into a bale of hay at Melun in November 1252, and was taken to Paris , but lived only a few days. She was buried at Maubuisson ....
References
Blanche married Louis VIII of France.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 20 M i. CountRobert I "the Good" of Artois was born in 1216 and died on 8 Feb 1250 at age 34.
13. KingHenry III of England was born on 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Winchester, [Hampshire], England, died on 16 Nov 1272 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 65, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Henry III of England :
Henry III (1 October 1207 - 16 November 1272 ) was the son and successor of John "Lackland" as King of England , reigning for fifty-six years from 1216 to his death. Mediaeval English monarchs did not use numbers after their names, and his contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Ethelred the Unready . Despite his long reign, his personal accomplishments were slim and he was a political and military failure. England, however, prospered during his century and his greatest monument is Westminster , which he made the seat of his government and where he expanded the abbey as a shrine to Edward the Confessor .
He assumed the crown under the regency of the popular William Marshal , but the England he inherited had undergone several drastic changes in the reign of his father. He spent much of his reign fighting the barons over the Magna Carta [citation needed ] and the royal rights, and was eventually forced to call the first "parliament " in 1264. He was also unsuccessful on the Continent, where he endeavoured to re-establish English control over Normandy , Anjou , and Aquitaine .
Coronation
Henry III was born in 1207 at Winchester Castle . He was the son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême . After his father's death in 1216, Henry, who was nine at the time, was hastily crowned in Gloucester Cathedral ; he was the first child monarch since the Norman invasion of England in 1066. The coronation was a simple affair, attended by only a handful of noblemen and three bishops. None of his father's executors was present, and in the absence of a crown a simple golden band was placed on the young boy's head, not by the Archbishop of Canterbury (who was at this time supporting Prince Louis of France , the newly-proclaimed king of England) but rather by the Bishop of Gloucester . In 1220, a second coronation was ordered by Pope Honorius III who did not consider that the first had been carried out in accordance with church rites. This occurred on 17 May 1220 in Westminster Abbey .[1]
Under John's rule, the barons had supported an invasion by Prince Louis because they disliked the way that John had ruled the country. However, they quickly saw that the young prince was a safer option. Henry's regents immediately declared their intention to rule by Magna Carta , which they proceeded to do during Henry's minority. Magna Carta was reissued in 1217 as a sign of goodwill to the barons and the country was ruled by regents until 1227...
[edit ] Death
Henry's reign ended when he died in 1272, after which he was succeeded by his son, Edward I . His body was laid, temporarily, in the tomb of Edward the Confessor while his own sarcophagus was constructed in Westminster Abbey ...
Marriage and children
Married on 14 January 1236 , Canterbury Cathedral , Canterbury , Kent , to Eleanor of Provence , with at least five children born:
Edward I (b. 17 January 1239 - d. 8 July 1307 )
Margaret (b. 29 September 1240 - d. 26 February 1275 ), married King Alexander III of Scotland
Beatrice (b. 25 June 1242 - d. 24 March 1275 ), married to John II, Duke of Brittany
Edmund (16 January 1245 - d. 5 June 1296 )
Katharine (b. 25 November 1253 - d. 3 May 1257 ), deafness was discovered at age 2. [1]
There is reason to doubt the existence of several attributed children of Henry and Eleanor.
Are known only from a 14th century addition made to a manuscript of Flores historiarum , and are nowhere contemporaneously recorded.
Another daughter, Matilda, is found only in the Hayles abbey chronicle, alongside such other fictitious children as a son named William for King John , and a bastard son named John for King Edward I . Matilda's existence is doubtful, at best. For further details, see Margaret Howell, The Children of King Henry III and Eleanor of Provence (1992).
Personal details
References
^ Henry III, Archonotology.org . Retrieved on 2007 -12-10 .
^ J. Robinson Vines Grapes & Wines pg 199 Mitchell Beazley 1986 ISBN 1-85732-999-6
Henry married Eleanor of Provence from 14 Jan 1236 to 1237 in Canterbury. Eleanor was born about 1223 and died on 25 Jun 1291 in Amesbury about age 68.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-26
has m. 24 or 25 Jan. 1236/7
Children from this marriage were:
+ 21 M i. Edmund "Crouchback" 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester was born from 16 Jan 1244 to 1245, died on 5 Jun 1296 in Bayonne, France at age 52, and was buried on 15 Jul 1296 in Westminster Abbey, London, England.
+ 22 M ii. KingEdward I of England was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster Palace, London, England, died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland, England at age 68, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England.
23 F iii. Margaret [of England] was born in 1240 and died in 1275 at age 35.
24 F iv. Beatrice of England was born in 1242 and died in 1275 at age 33.
25 F v. Katharine was born in 1253 and died in 1257 at age 4.
17. Eleanor was born in 1215 and died on 13 Apr 1275 at age 60. Another name for Eleanor was Eleanor Plantagenet.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 260-30
Source also: Wikipedia - John of England
Eleanor married William Marshal Earl of Pembroke on 23 Apr 1224. William died on 15 Apr 1231.
Eleanor next married Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester 7 Jan 1238 or 1239. Simon was born about 1208 in Normandy, France and died on 4 Aug 1265 in Evesham about age 57.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 26 F i. Elinor de Montfort was born about 1252 and died in 1282 about age 30.
18. Joan Princess of Gwynedd was born before 1200 and died between 30 Mar 1236 and Feb 1237. Other names for Joan were Joan Princess of North Wales, Joanna Lady of Wales, Siwan, and Joan Plantagenet Princess of Gwynedd.
Research Notes: Natural daughter of John, king of England.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 29A-27 "JOAN, (nat. dau. by unknown mistress [of John "Lackland"]), Princess of North Wales, b. well bef. 1200, d. 30 Mar. 1236 or Feb. 1237..."
Source - Wikipedia - John of England and Llywelyn the Great.
From Wikipedia - Llywelyn the Great:
"During Llywelyn's boyhood Gwynedd was ruled by two of his uncles, who had agreed to split the kingdom between them following the death of Llywelyn's grandfather, Owain Gwynedd , in 1170. Llywelyn had a strong claim to be the legitimate ruler and began a campaign to win power at an early age. He was sole ruler of Gwynedd by 1200, and made a treaty with King John of England the same year. Llywelyn's relations with John remained good for the next ten years. He married John's illegitimate daughter Joan , also known as Joanna, in 1205, and when John arrested Gwenwynwyn ab Owain of Powys in 1208 Llywelyn took the opportunity to annex southern Powys. In 1210 relations deteriorated and John invaded Gwynedd in 1211. Llywelyn was forced to seek terms and to give up all his lands east of the River Conwy, but was able to recover these lands the following year in alliance with the other Welsh princes. He allied himself with the barons who forced John to sign Magna Carta in 1215. By 1216 he was the dominant power in Wales, holding a council at Aberdyfi that year to apportion lands to the other princes...
Children
The identity of the mother of some of Llywelyn's children is uncertain. He was survived by nine children, two legitimate, one probably legitimate and six illegitimate. Elen ferch Llywelyn (c.1207-1253), his only certainly legitimate daughter, first married John de Scotia, Earl of Chester. This marriage was childless, and after John's death Elen married Sir Robert de Quincy , the brother of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester . Llywelyn's only legitimate son, Dafydd ap Llywelyn (c.1208-1246), married Isabella de Braose, daughter of William de Braose, 10th Baron Abergavenny , Lord of Abergavenny. William was the son of Reginald de Braose , who married another of Llywelyn's daughters. Dafydd and Isabella may have had one child together, Helen of Wales (1246-1295), but the marriage failed to produce a male heir.
Another daughter, Gwladus Ddu (c.1206-1251), was probably legitimate. Adam of Usk states that she was a legitimate daughter by Joan, although some sources claim that her mother was Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch.[64] She first married Reginald de Braose of Brecon and Abergavenny, but had no children by him. After Reginald's death she married Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore and had several sons.
The mother of most of Llywelyn's illegitimate children is known or assumed to have been Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch (c.1168-1198). Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (c.1196-1244) was Llywelyn's eldest son and is known to be the son of Tangwystl. He married Senena, daughter of Caradoc ap Thomas of Anglesey . Their four sons included Llywelyn ap Gruffydd , who for a period occupied a position in Wales comparable to that of his grandfather, and Dafydd ap Gruffydd who ruled Gwynedd briefly after his brother's death. Llywelyn had another son, Tegwared ap Llywelyn, by a woman known only as Crysten.
Marared ferch Llywelyn (c.1198-after 1263) married John de Braose of Gower, a nephew of Reginald de Braose, and after his death married Walter Clifford of Bronllys and Clifford. Other illegitimate daughters were Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn, who married William de Lacey, and Angharad ferch Llywelyn, who married Maelgwn Fychan. Susanna ferch Llywelyn was sent to England as a hostage in 1228, but no further details are known."
Joan married Llywelyn the Great Prince of Gwynedd in 1205. Llywelyn was born about 1173 in <Dolwyddelan>, Wales, died on 11 Apr 1240 in Cistercian Abbey of Aberconwy, Wales about age 67, and was buried in Llanrwst Parish Church, Wales. Other names for Llywelyn were Llewellyn the Great Prince of Gwynedd, Llywelyn Fawr Prince of Gwynedd, Llywelyn I of Wales, and Llywelyn ap Iorwerth.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 29A-27 has m. 1206. Wikipedia has m. 1205.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 27 F i. Angharad ferch Llywelyn Fawr .
28 F ii. Elen ferch Llywelyn Fawr was born about 1207 and died in 1253 about age 46. Another name for Elen was Helen verch Llywelyn.
Elen married Robert de Quincy. Robert died in 1257.
29 M iii. Dafydd ap Llywelyn was born about 1208 and died in 1246 about age 38.
+ 30 F iv. Gwladus Ddu was born about 1206 and died in 1251 about age 45.
19. Humphrey V de Bohun 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex was born by 1208 and died on 24 Sep 1275 at age 67.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 97-28, "2nd Earl of Hereford and after div. of his mother 1236, 7th Earl of Essex, Constable of England, sheriff of Kent."
From A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, p.136:
"In the wake of the dismemberment of the de Breos empire [after the hanging of William de Breos in 1230], the Bohun and Cantelupe families joined the ranks of the leading Marcher Lords..."
Humphrey married Maud d'Eu. Maud died on 14 Aug 1241. Another name for Maud was Maud de Lusignan.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 31 M i. Humphrey VI de Bohun died about 4 Aug 1265 in Battle of Evesham, Evesham, Worcestershire, England.
Eighth Generation 20. CountRobert I "the Good" of Artois was born in 1216 and died on 8 Feb 1250 at age 34.
Research Notes: Wikipedia (Robert I of Artois):
Robert I "the Good" (1216 - February 8 , 1250 ) was Count of Artois . He was the third (and second surviving) son of King Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile .
On June 14 , 1237 , Robert married Matilda of Brabant, daughter of Henry II, Duke of Brabant , and they had two children:
Blanche of Artois (1248 -1302 )
Robert II of Artois (1250 -1302), Count of Artois
He was killed in Egypt during the Seventh Crusade of his brother Louis IX of France , while leading a reckless attack on Al Mansurah . He and the Templars accompanying the expedition charged into the town and became trapped in the narrow streets. According to Jean de Joinville , he defended himself for some time in a house there, but was at last overpowered and killed.
Robert married Matilda of Brabant on 14 Jun 1237. Matilda was born in 1224 and died on 29 Sep 1288 at age 64.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 32 F i. Blanche of Artois was born between 1245 and 1250 and died on 2 May 1302 in Paris, France.
33 M ii. Robert II of Artois, Count of Artois .
21. Edmund "Crouchback" 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester was born from 16 Jan 1244 to 1245, died on 5 Jun 1296 in Bayonne, France at age 52, and was buried on 15 Jul 1296 in Westminster Abbey, London, England.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 17-28
Wikipedia:
"...soon after the forfeiture of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester in 1265, Edmund received the Earldom of Leicester and of Lancaster and also the honour of the Stewardship of England and the lands of Nicolas de Segrave.
"In 1271 he accompanied his elder brother Edward [I Longshanks] on the Ninth Crusade to Palestine. It was because of this he received the nickname Crouchback (or cross back) indicating that he was entitled to wear a cross on his back."
Much more info in Wikipedia & other sources.
Edmund married Blanche of Artois on 29 Oct 1276 in Paris, France. Blanche was born between 1245 and 1250 and died on 2 May 1302 in Paris, France. Another name for Blanche was Blanche de Navarre.
Marriage Notes: Wikipedia has m. 3 Feb 1276
Children from this marriage were:
+ 34 M i. Henry 3rd Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester was born about 1281 in Grismond Castle, Monmouthshire, England and died on 25 Mar 1345 in Cannons Monastery, England about age 64.
35 M ii. Thomas Plantagenet 2nd Earl of Lancaster was born in 1278.
36 M iii. John Plantagenet Lord of Beaufort was born before 1286.
22. KingEdward I of England was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster Palace, London, England, died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland, England at age 68, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England. Other names for Edward were Edward I "Longshanks" King of England, and Edward I "Hammer of the Scots."
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Edward I of England :
Edward I (17 June 1239 - 7 July 1307 ), popularly known as Longshanks[1], also as "Edward the Lawgiver" or "the English Justinian" because of his legal reforms, and as "Hammer of the Scots",[2] achieved fame as the monarch who conquered Wales and tried (but failed) to do the same to Scotland . He reigned from 1272 to 1307, ascending the throne of England on 20 November 1272 after the death of his father, King Henry III . His mother was queen consort Eleanor of Provence .
As regnal post-nominal numbers were a Norman (as opposed to English) custom, Edward Longshanks is known as Edward I, even though he is the fourth King Edward, following Edward the Elder , Edward the Martyr , and Edward the Confessor ....
[edit ] Childhood and marriage to Eleanor
Edward was born at the Palace of Westminster on the evening of 17 June 1239 .[3] He was an older brother of Beatrice of England , Margaret of England and Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster . He was named after Edward the Confessor . [4] From 1239 to 1246 Edward was in the care of Hugh Giffard (the son of Godfrey Giffard ) and his wife, Sybil, who had been one of the midwives at Edward's birth. On Giffard's death in 1246, Bartholomew Pecche took over. Early grants of land to Edward included Gascony , but Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester had been appointed by Henry to seven years as royal lieutenant in Gascony in 1248, a year before the grant to Edward, so in practice Edward derived neither authority nor revenue from the province.
Edward's first marriage (age 15) was arranged in 1254 by his father and Alfonso X of Castile . Alfonso had insisted that Edward receive grants of land worth 15,000 marks a year and also asked to knight him; Henry had already planned a knighthood ceremony for Edward but conceded. Edward crossed the Channel in June, and was knighted by Alfonso and married to Eleanor of Castile (age 13) on 1 November 1254 in the monastery of Las Huelgas .
Eleanor and Edward would go on to have sixteen children, and her death in 1290 affected Edward deeply. He displayed his grief by erecting the Eleanor crosses , one at each place where her funeral cortège stopped for the night. His second marriage, (age 60) at Canterbury on September 10 , 1299 , to Marguerite of France , (age 17) (known as the "Pearl of France" by her English subjects), the daughter of King Philip III of France (Phillip the Bold) and Maria of Brabant , produced three children...
...[edit ] Welsh Wars
Edward I depicted in Cassell's History of England (1902 )
One of King Edward's early moves was the conquest of Wales . Under the 1267 Treaty of Montgomery , Llywelyn ap Gruffydd had extended Welsh territories southwards into what had been the lands of the English Marcher Lords , and gained the title of Prince of Wales although he still owed homage to the English monarch as overlord. King Edward refused to recognize this Treaty - which had been concluded by his father - and in 1275, pirates in King Edward's pay intercepted a ship carrying Eleanor de Montfort , Simon de Montfort's only daughter, from France to Wales , where she expected to marry Llywelyn. Edward then imprisoned her at Windsor . After Llywelyn repeatedly refused to pay homage to Edward in 1274-1275, Edward raised an army and launched his first campaign against the Welsh prince in 1276-1277. After this campaign, Llywelyn was forced to pay homage to Edward and was stripped of all but a rump of territory in Gwynedd . But Edward allowed Llywelyn to retain the title of Prince of Wales , and the marriage with Eleanor de Montfort went ahead.
Llywelyn's younger brother, Dafydd (who had briefly been an ally of the English) started another rebellion in 1282. But Edward quickly destroyed the remnants of resistance, capturing, brutally torturing, and executing Dafydd in the following year. To consolidate his conquest, he commenced the construction of a string of massive stone castles encircling the principality, of which Caernarfon Castle provides a notable surviving example.
Wales became incorporated into England under the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284, and in 1301, Edward dubbed his eldest son Edward first Prince of Wales , since which time the eldest son of most English monarchs have borne the same title, the only exception being Edward III .
[edit ] Scottish Wars
Hommage of Edward I (kneeling), to the Philippe le Bel (seated). As Duke of Aquitaine , Edward was a vassal to the French king.
Edward then turned his attentions to Scotland. He had planned to marry off his son and heir Edward , to the heiress Margaret, the Maid of Norway , but when Margaret died with no clear successor, the Scottish Guardians invited Edward's arbitration, to prevent the country from descending into dynastic war. Before the process got underway Edward insisted that he be recognized as Lord Paramount of Scotland, the feudal superior of the realm and, after some initial resistance, this precondition was finally accepted.
Edward presided over a feudal court held at the castle of Berwick-upon-Tweed in November 1292, where judgment was given in favour of John Balliol over other candidates . Balliol was chosen as the candidate with the strongest claim in feudal law, but Edward subsequently used the concessions he had gained to undermine the authority of the new king even summoning Balliol to do homage to him in Westminster in 1293. Edward also made it clear he expected John's military and financial support against France. This was too much for Balliol, who concluded a pact with France and prepared an army to invade England.
In response Edward gathered his largest army yet (25,000) and razed Berwick , massacring almost the whole population of 11,000 inhabitants. During the Scottish campaign, he made extensive use of a large trebuchet called the Warwolf .
After Berwick, he proceeded to Dunbar and Edinburgh , also removing the Stone of Destiny from Perth to Westminster Abbey. Balliol renounced the crown and was imprisoned in the Tower of London for three years before withdrawing to his estates in France. All freeholders in Scotland were required to swear an oath of homage to Edward, and he ruled Scotland like a province through English viceroys .
Opposition sprang up (see Wars of Scottish Independence ), and Edward executed the focus of discontent, William Wallace , on 23 August 1305 , having earlier defeated him at the Battle of Falkirk (1298) .
Edward was known to be fond of falconry and horse riding . The names of his horses have survived: Lyard, his war horse; Ferrault his hunting horse; and his favourite, Bayard. At the Siege of Berwick, Edward is said to have led the assault personally, using Bayard to leap over the earthen defences of the city.
[edit ] Later career and death
Edward's later life was fraught with difficulty, as he lost his beloved first wife Eleanor and his heir failed to develop the expected kingly character.
Edward's plan to conquer Scotland never came to fruition during his lifetime, however, as he died in 1307 at Burgh-by-Sands , Cumberland on the Scottish border, while on his way to wage another campaign against the Scots under the leadership of Robert the Bruce . According to chroniclers, Edward desired to have his bones carried on Scottish military campaigns, and that his heart be taken to the Holy Land. Against his wishes, Edward was buried in Westminster Abbey in a plain black marble tomb, which in later years was painted with the words Scottorum malleus, Latin for Hammer of the Scots.[7] He was buried in a lead casket wishing to be moved to the usual regal gold casket only when Scotland was fully conquered and part of the Kingdom of England.
On 2 January 1774 , the Society of Antiquaries opened the coffin and discovered that his body had been perfectly preserved for 467 years. His body was measured to be 6 feet 2 inches (188 cm).[8]
To this day he still lies in the lead casket - although the thrones of Scotland and England were united in 1603 following the death of Elizabeth I and the accession of James VI of Scotland to the English throne, and the Kingdom of Great Britain was created in 1707 by the Acts of Union 1707 , uniting Scotland and England in an incorporating union, the conquest Edward envisaged was never completed. His son, King Edward II of England , succeeded him...
...[edit ] Issue
Children of Edward and Eleanor:
Eleanor , born ca. 17 June 1264 (or possibly as late as 1269, although the issue rolls of 1302 describe her as Edward's eldest daughter) and died 12 October 1298 . She was long betrothed to Alfonso III of Aragon , who died in 1291 before the marriage could take place, and on 20 September 1293 she married Count Henry III of Bar .
Joan, born Summer 1265, either in Paris, or perhaps at Abbeville, Ponthieu. She died in France but was buried at Westminster Abbey before September 7 , 1265 .
John, born at either Windsor or Kenilworth Castle June or July 10 , 1266 , died August 1 or 1271 at Wallingford , in the custody of his granduncle, Richard, Earl of Cornwall . Buried at Westminster Abbey .
Henry , born on July 13 1267/8 at Windsor Castle, died October 14 , 1274 either at Merton, Surrey, or at Guildford Castle.
Alice, born at Woodstock Palace, Oxon, but the date of her birth is unknown. May have died at the age of twelve. Sometimes identified with the child, Isabella, born in March 1279 , but this cannot be correct, as that infant's funeral took place during the same year.
Juliana (also known as Katherine) born at Acre, Palestine, in 1271, and died there on 28 May or 5 September 1271
Joan of Acre . Born at Acre in Spring 1272 and died at her manor of Clare, Suffolk on April 23 , 1307 and was buried in the priory church of the Austin friars, Clare, Suffolk. She married (1) Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford , (2) Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer .
Alphonso, Earl of Chester , born either at Bayonne, at Bordeaux, Gascony or at Maine 24 November 1273 , died 14 or 19 August 1284 , at Windsor Castle, buried in Westminster Abbey .
Margaret , born September 11 , 1275 at Windsor Castle and died in 1318, being buried in the Collegiate Church of St. Gudule, Brussels. She married John II of Brabant .
Berengaria (also known as Berenice), born 1 May 1276 at Kempton Palace, Surrey and died on June 27 , 1278 , buried in Westminster Abbey .
Mary, born 11 March or 22 April 1278 at Windsor Castle and died 8 July 1332 , a nun in Amesbury , Wiltshire , England.
Isabella, born on 12 March 1279 , either at Woodstock Palace, Oxon, at Windsor Castle or at Marlbourgh Castle Wiltshire, she died in 1279, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Elizabeth of Rhuddlan , born August 1282 at Rhuddlan Castle, Flintshire, Wales, died c.5 May 1316 at Quendon, Essex, in childbirth, and was buried in Walden Abbey, Essex. She married (1) John I, Count of Holland , (2) Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex .
Edward II of England , also known as Edward of Caernarvon , born 25 April 1284 at Caernarvon Castle, Wales, murdered 21 September 1327 at Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, buried in Gloucester Cathedral. He married Isabella of France .
Beatrice born after 12 August 1286 either in Gascony or in Aquitaine. She died young.
Blanche born in 1289/90 and died young.
Children of Edward and Marguerite:
Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk born 1 June 1300 at Brotherton, Yorkshire, died between the 4 August and 20 September 1338, was buried in the abbey of Bury-St.-Edmunds, married (1) Alice Hayles, with issue; (2) Mary Brewes, with issue.
Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent , 5 August 1301 at Woodstock Palace, Oxon, married Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell with issue. Executed by Isabella of France and Roger Mortimer on the 19 March 1330 following the overthrow of Edward II.
Eleanor, born 4 May 1306 at Winchester, died in 1311 at Amesbury Abbey, Wiltshire, buried in Beaulieu Abbey, Hants.
[edit ] References
Edward married Eleanor of Castile, Countess of Ponthieu on 18 Oct 1254 in Monastery of Las Huelgas. Eleanor was born in 1241 in Castile, Spain, died on 28 Nov 1290 in Harby, Nottinghamshire, England at age 49, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England. Other names for Eleanor were Alianor, Alienor, and Leonor.
Marriage Notes: Wikipedia has m. 1 Nov 1254. Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-27 has m. 18 Oct 1254.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 38 F i. Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, Princess of England was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Denbighshire, Wales, died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Essex, England at age 33, and was buried in Walthan Abbey.
+ 39 F ii. Eleanor of England was born on 18 Jun 1269, died on 29 Aug 1298 at age 29, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England.
40 F iii. Joan of Acre was born in 1272 in Acre, Palestine and died on 7 Apr 1307 at age 35.
41 F iv. Margaret Plantagenet was born on 15 Mar 1275 and died in 1318 at age 43.
+ 42 M v. KingEdward II of England was born on 25 Apr 1284 in Caernarfon Castle, Gwynedd, Wales, died on 21 Sep 1327 in Berkeley Castle, Goucestershire, England at age 43, and was buried in Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucestershire, England.
Edward next married Marguerite of France on 8 Sep 1299 in Canterbury Cathedral. Marguerite was born about 1275 and died from 14 Feb 1317 to 1318 in Marlborough Castle about age 42.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 43 M i. Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk was born on 1 Jun 1300 and died in 1338 at age 38.
26. Elinor de Montfort was born about 1252 and died in 1282 about age 30. Another name for Elinor was Eleanor de Montfort.
Research Notes: Source: Welsh Settlement of Pennsylvania by Charles H. Browning, Philadelphia, 1912.
Source: Collections Historical & Archaeological Relating to Montgomeryshire, and its Borders, Vol. XIII, Issued by the Powys-Land Club for the Use of Its Members, London, 1880, p. 122 has "Eleanor, dau. to Simon Mountford, Earl of Leicester."
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, line 260-31, has "b. abt. Michaelmas 1252, d. 1282; m. 13 Oct. 1278, Llywelyn ap Gruffydd, son of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, d. 1 Mar. 1244, the son of LLYWELYN AP IORWERTH (176B-27), by Senena, perh. of Man."
Elinor married Llywelyn II Prince of North Wales on 13 Oct 1278 in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, England. Other names for Llywelyn are Llewelin ap Griffith Prince of North Wales, and Llywelyn ap Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Mawr.
Marriage Notes: From: A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, p. 153: "[By] 1280, Edward [I] was firmly in control of his Welsh territories, which were far more extensive than those of any previous occupant of the throne of England. Llywelyn's behaviour toward the king was punctiliously correct; he made homage to Edward in December 1277; he married Elinor in the king's presence at Worcester Cathedral in October 1278; he propmptly paid the sums due from him under the Treaty of Aberconwy and in his letters he fully acknowledged Edward's suzerainty."
Noted events in their marriage were:
• Marriage by Proxy: to Llywelyn II, 1275. From: A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, pp. 130-150: "After Dafydd's defection [in 1274], and possibly as a reaction to it, a plan, perhaps originally aired in 1265, was resurrected--marriage between Llywelyn and Elinor, a daughter of Simon de Montfort. Elinor's lineage was highly distinguished; among her uncles were a king of England, a king of France and a Holy Roman Emperor. Nevertheless, by 1275, when a proxy marriage took place, there was no political advantage to the union, for the opposition movement which her father had led was moribund. The king of England took the view that the marriage was a plot to rekindle dissension within his kingdom, and such a notion may also have been present in Llywelyn's mind. Elinor sailed from France to Wales in 1275, but the seizure of her ship led to her imprisonment at Windsor [where she was to remain until her release after Llywelyn paid homage to Edward I in December 1277]."
Noted events in his life were:
• Marriage by Proxy: to Eleanor de Montfort.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 44 F i. Catherine verch Llewellyn Gryffyth .
27. Angharad ferch Llywelyn Fawr .
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 254-29 (Angharad) has her mother as Joan, natural daughter of King John, who married Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, Prince of Wales.
Her mother may have been Tangwystl Goch.
From Wikipedia - Llywelyn the Great:
"During Llywelyn's boyhood Gwynedd was ruled by two of his uncles, who had agreed to split the kingdom between them following the death of Llywelyn's grandfather, Owain Gwynedd , in 1170. Llywelyn had a strong claim to be the legitimate ruler and began a campaign to win power at an early age. He was sole ruler of Gwynedd by 1200, and made a treaty with King John of England the same year. Llywelyn's relations with John remained good for the next ten years. He married John's illegitimate daughter Joan , also known as Joanna, in 1205, and when John arrested Gwenwynwyn ab Owain of Powys in 1208 Llywelyn took the opportunity to annex southern Powys. In 1210 relations deteriorated and John invaded Gwynedd in 1211. Llywelyn was forced to seek terms and to give up all his lands east of the River Conwy, but was able to recover these lands the following year in alliance with the other Welsh princes. He allied himself with the barons who forced John to sign Magna Carta in 1215. By 1216 he was the dominant power in Wales, holding a council at Aberdyfi that year to apportion lands to the other princes...
Children
The identity of the mother of some of Llywelyn's children is uncertain. He was survived by nine children, two legitimate, one probably legitimate and six illegitimate. Elen ferch Llywelyn (c.1207-1253), his only certainly legitimate daughter, first married John de Scotia, Earl of Chester. This marriage was childless, and after John's death Elen married Sir Robert de Quincy , the brother of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester . Llywelyn's only legitimate son, Dafydd ap Llywelyn (c.1208-1246), married Isabella de Braose, daughter of William de Braose, 10th Baron Abergavenny , Lord of Abergavenny. William was the son of Reginald de Braose , who married another of Llywelyn's daughters. Dafydd and Isabella may have had one child together, Helen of Wales (1246-1295), but the marriage failed to produce a male heir.
Another daughter, Gwladus Ddu (c.1206-1251), was probably legitimate. Adam of Usk states that she was a legitimate daughter by Joan, although some sources claim that her mother was Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch.[64] She first married Reginald de Braose of Brecon and Abergavenny, but had no children by him. After Reginald's death she married Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore and had several sons.
The mother of most of Llywelyn's illegitimate children is known or assumed to have been Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch (c.1168-1198). Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (c.1196-1244) was Llywelyn's eldest son and is known to be the son of Tangwystl. He married Senena, daughter of Caradoc ap Thomas of Anglesey . Their four sons included Llywelyn ap Gruffydd , who for a period occupied a position in Wales comparable to that of his grandfather, and Dafydd ap Gruffydd who ruled Gwynedd briefly after his brother's death. Llywelyn had another son, Tegwared ap Llywelyn, by a woman known only as Crysten.
Marared ferch Llywelyn (c.1198-after 1263) married John de Braose of Gower, a nephew of Reginald de Braose, and after his death married Walter Clifford of Bronllys and Clifford. Other illegitimate daughters were Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn, who married William de Lacey, and Angharad ferch Llywelyn, who married Maelgwn Fychan. Susanna ferch Llywelyn was sent to England as a hostage in 1228, but no further details are known."
Angharad married Maelgwn Fychan ap Maelgwn ap Rhys Lord of Cardigan Is Ayron. Maelgwn died in 1257.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 45 F i. Elen ferch Maelgwn Fychan .
30. Gwladus Ddu was born about 1206 and died in 1251 about age 45. Another name for Gwladus was Gladys Dhu.
Research Notes: Widow of Reynold de Braose
Source: Wikipedia - Llywelyn the Great
Gwladus married Reynold de Braose.
Gwladus next married Ralph de Mortimer Lord Mortimer of Wigmore in 1230. Ralph died on 6 Aug 1246 and was buried in Wigmore, Hereford, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 46 M i. Roger de Mortimer 6th Baron Mortimer of Wigmore was born about 1231 and died before 30 Oct 1282 in Kingsland.
31. Humphrey VI de Bohun died about 4 Aug 1265 in Battle of Evesham, Evesham, Worcestershire, England.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 97-29 has d.v.p. 27 Oct. 1265
From A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, p.136:
"In the wake of the dismemberment of the de Breos empire [after the hanging of William de Breos in 1230], the Bohun and Cantelupe families joined the ranks of the leading Marcher Lords..."
Humphrey married Eleanor de Braose by 15 feb 1247 or 1248. Eleanor died in 1251.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 47 M i. Humphrey VII de Bohun 3rd Earl of Hereford & 2nd Earl of Essex was born about 1249 and died 31 Dec 1297 or 1298 about age 48.
Ninth Generation 32. Blanche of Artois was born between 1245 and 1250 and died on 2 May 1302 in Paris, France. Another name for Blanche was Blanche de Navarre.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 45-30
Wikipedia
Blanche married Henry III Count of Champagne and Brie, King of Navarre. Henry died on 22 Jul 1274.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 48 F i. Jeanne of Navarre was born in Jan 1272 and died on 2 Apr 1305 at age 33.
Blanche next married Edmund "Crouchback" 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester on 29 Oct 1276 in Paris, France. Edmund was born from 16 Jan 1244 to 1245, died on 5 Jun 1296 in Bayonne, France at age 52, and was buried on 15 Jul 1296 in Westminster Abbey, London, England.
Marriage Notes: Wikipedia has m. 3 Feb 1276
(Duplicate Line. See Person 21)
34. Henry 3rd Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester was born about 1281 in Grismond Castle, Monmouthshire, England and died on 25 Mar 1345 in Cannons Monastery, England about age 64. Other names for Henry were Henry Plantagenet Earl of Leicester, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, and Henry "Tortcol" Plantagenet.
General Notes: One of the principals behind the deposition of King Edward II.
Research Notes: Some data from Albert Doublass Hart, Jr ("Our Folk" - de Chaworth Family Genealogy). Albert has death date as 22 Sep 1345 in Cannons Monastery, England.
From Wikipedia - Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster
Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (1281 - March 25 , 1345 ) was an English nobleman, one of the principals behind the deposition of Edward II .
Lineage
He was the younger son of Blanche of Artois and Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster , Earl of Leicester , who was a son of Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence .
Henry's elder brother Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster succeeded their father in 1296 , but Henry was summoned to Parliament on February 6 , 1298 /99 by writ directed Henrico de Lancastre nepoti Regis, by which he is held to have become Lord Lancaster. He took part in the siege of Carlaverock in July 1300 .
Petition for succession and inheritance
Thomas was convicted of treason, executed and his lands and titles forfeited in 1322 . But Henry, who had not participated in his brother's rebellion, petitioned for his brother's lands and titles, and on March 29 , 1324 he was invested as Earl of Leicester , and a few years later the earldom of Lancaster was also restored to him.
Revenge
On the Queen's return to England with Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March in September 1326 , Henry joined her party against King Edward II, which led to a general desertion of the King's cause and overturned the power of Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester and his namesake son Hugh the younger Despenser .
He was sent in pursuit and captured the king at Neath in South Wales. He was appointed to take charge of the King, and was responsible for his custody at Kenilworth Castle .
Full restoration and reward
After Edward II's death Henry was appointed guardian of the new king Edward III of England , and was also appointed captain-general of all the King's forces in the Scottish Marches .
Loss of sight
In about the year 1330 , he became blind .
Succession
He was succeeded as Earl of Lancaster and Leicester by his eldest son, Henry of Grosmont , who subsequently became Duke of Lancaster.
Family
He married Maud Chaworth , before 2 March 1296 /1297 .
Henry and Maud had seven children:
Henry married Maud de Chaworth Countess of Lancaster & Countess of Leicester on 2 Mar 1297 in Kidwelly, Carmarthenshire, Wales. Maud was born about 1282 and died before 3 Dec 1322. Another name for Maud was Matilda de Chaworth.
Marriage Notes: Marriage year could be 1296
Children from this marriage were:
+ 49 F i. Eleanor of Lancaster was born about 1318 in Arundel, West Sussex, England, died on 11 Jan 1372 in Arundel Castle, West Sussex, England about age 54, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England.
50 M ii. Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster was born about 1300 and died from 1360 to 1361 about age 60. Another name for Henry was Henry of Grosmont 1st Duke of Lancaster.
51 F iii. Blanche of Lancaster was born about 1305 and died in 1380 about age 75.
52 F iv. Maud of Lancaster was born about 1310 and died in 1377 about age 67.
53 F v. Joan of Lancaster was born about 1312 and died in 1345 about age 33.
54 F vi. Isabel of Lancaster, Abess of Ambresbury was born about 1317 and died after 1347.
55 F vii. Mary of Lancaster was born about 1320 and died in 1362 about age 42.
38. Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, Princess of England was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Denbighshire, Wales, died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Essex, England at age 33, and was buried in Walthan Abbey. Other names for Elizabeth were Elizabeth Princess of England, Elizabeth of England, and Elizabeth Plantagenet of Rhuddlan.
Birth Notes: Wikipedia or some other source has b. 7 Aug 1282 or 1281. Reifsnyder-Gillam Ancestry, Edited by Thomas Allen Glenn at the request of Howard Reifsnyder, privately printed, Philadelphia, 1902, provided by http://books.google.com, p. 31 has b. 1284.
Death Notes: Per Wikipedia, died in childbirth
Research Notes: From the book Reifsnyder-Gillam Ancestry, Edited by Thomas Allen Glenn at the request of Howard Reifsnyder, privately printed, Philadelphia, 1902, provided by http://books.google.com, p. 49:
"I. THE PRINCESS ELIZABETH PLANTAGENET, daughter of Edward I by his first wife, Eleanor of Castile, was born at Rudlan Castle, in Flintshire, 1284. She married, first, in London, John, Earl of Holland, who died without issue two years after his marriage; and secondly, Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Lord High Constable of England. By her second husband she had a son: William de Bohun.
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Rhuddlan :
Elizabeth of Rhuddlan (Elizabeth Plantagenet) (7 August 1282 Rhuddlan Castle - 5 May 1316 Quendon )
Born the eighth daughter of Edward I of England and Eleanor of Castile . Of all her siblings, she was closest to her younger brother Edward II of England , as they were only two years apart in age.
In April 1285 there were negotiations with Floris V for Elizabeth's betrothal to his son John I, Count of Holland . The offer was accepted and John was sent to England to be educated. On 8 January 1297 Elizabeth was married to John at Ipswich . In attendance at the marriage were Elizabeth's sister Margaret , her father, Edward I of England , her brother Edward , and Humphrey de Bohun . After the wedding Elizabeth was expected to go to Holland with her husband, but did not wish to go, leaving her husband to go alone.
After some time travelling England , it was decided Elizabeth should follow her husband. Her father accompanied her, travelling through Antwerp , Malines , Louvain and Brussels , before ending up in Ghent . There they remained for a few months, spending Christmas with her two sister's Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar and Margaret Plantagenet . On 10 November 1299 , John died of dysentery , though there were rumours of his being murdered. No children had been born from the marriage.
On her return trip to England , Elizabeth went through Brabant to see her sister Margaret. When she arrived in England , she met her step mother Margaret of France , whom Edward had married whilst she was in Holland . Reportedly, they became inseparable. On 14 November 1302 Elizabeth was married to Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford , 3rd of Essex, also Constable of England , at Westminster Abbey .
During Christmas 1315 Elizabeth, who was pregnant with her 10th child, was visited by her sister-in-law Isabella of France . This was a great honour, but the stress of it may have caused unknown health problems that later contributed to Elizabeth's death in childbirth. On 5 May 1316 she went into labour, giving birth to her daughter Isabella. Both Elizabeth and Isabella died shortly after the birthing, and were buried together in Waltham Abbey .
The children of Elizabeth and Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford are:
Hugh de Bohun (September 1303 - 1305 )
Eleanor de Bohun (October 1304 - 1363 ), married James Butler, 1st Earl of Ormonde and Thomas Dagworth , 1st Baron Dagworth.
Humphrey de Bohun (b&d 1305 )
John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford (23 November 1306 - 1335 )
Agnes de Bohun, (November 1309 - ), married Robert de Ferrers, Earl of Chartley
Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford (6 December about 1309 - 1361 )
Margaret de Bohun (3 April 1311 - 1391 ), married Hugh Courtenay, 2nd Earl of Devon
William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton (1312 - 1360 ). Twin of Edward. Married Elizabeth de Badlesmere.
Edward de Bohun (1312 - 1334 ). Twin of William.
Eneas de Bohun, (1314 - after 1322 ), when he's mentioned in his father's will.
Isabel de Bohun (b&d 5 May 1316 )
References
Elizabeth married John Count of Holland and Zealand.
Elizabeth next married Humphrey VIII de Bohun 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex on 14 Nov 1302 in Westminster Palace, London, England. Humphrey was born about 1276 in Pleshey Castle, Essex, England and died 16 Mar 1321 or 1322 in Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, England about age 45. Another name for Humphrey was Humphrey VIII de Bohun 4th Earl of Hereford.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 56 M i. Sir William de Bohun K.G., 1st Earl of Northampton was born about 1311 and died on 16 Sep 1360 about age 49.
+ 57 F ii. Eleanor de Bohun was born in Oct 1304 and died on 7 Oct 1363 at age 59.
58 M iii. John de Bohun 5th Earl of Hereford was born on 23 Nov 1306 and died in 1335 at age 29.
59 M iv. Humphrey de Bohun 6th Earl of Hereford was born on 6 Dec 1309 and died in 1361 at age 52.
60 F v. Margaret de Bohun was born on 3 Apr 1311 and died in 1391 at age 80.
61 M vi. Edward de Bohun was born in 1312 and died in 1334 at age 22.
62 M vii. Eneas de Bohun was born about 1313 and died after 1322.
63 F viii. Agnes de Bohun was born in Nov 1309.
39. Eleanor of England was born on 18 Jun 1269, died on 29 Aug 1298 at age 29, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England. Another name for Eleanor was Eleanor Plantagenet.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Eleanor of England (1269-1298) :
Eleanor of England (18 June 1269 - 29 August 1298 ), was the eldest surviving daughter of Edward I of England and his first wife, Eleanor of Castile .
For a long period she was betrothed to King Alphonso III of Aragon (d. 18 June 1291 ). However, Alphonso's death occurred before the marriage could take place.
Eleanor subsequently married the French nobleman, Henry III, Count of Bar in 1293, as a means of allying Bar and England against the Kings of France. Eleanor and Henry had three surviving children:
Eleanor pre-deceased her husband and was buried 12 October 1298 in Westminster Abbey .
Eleanor married Henry III Count of Bar on 20 Sep 1283 in Bristol, England. Henry was born in 1259 in Naples, Italy and died in Sep 1302 at age 43.
Children from this marriage were:
64 M i. Edward I of Bar, Comte de Bar was born in 1284 and died in 1336 at age 52.
65 F ii. Eleanor was born in 1285.
Eleanor married Llywelyn ap Owain ap Maredudd. Llywelyn died in 1309. Another name for Llywelyn was Llewellyn ap Owain ap Maredudd.
66 F iii. Jeanne was born in 1295 and died in 1361 at age 66.
42. KingEdward II of England was born on 25 Apr 1284 in Caernarfon Castle, Gwynedd, Wales, died on 21 Sep 1327 in Berkeley Castle, Goucestershire, England at age 43, and was buried in Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucestershire, England. Another name for Edward was Edward of Caenarvon.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Edward II of England :
Edward II, (April 25 , 1284 - September 21 , 1327 ) of Caernarfon , was King of England from 1307 until deposed in January 1327. His tendency to ignore his nobility in favour of low-born favourites led to constant political unrest and his eventual deposition. Edward is perhaps best remembered for his murder and his alleged homosexuality .
Edward II was the first monarch to establish colleges in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge ; he founded Cambridge's King's Hall in 1317 and gave Oxford's Oriel College its royal charter in 1326. Both colleges received the favour of Edward's son, Edward III , who confirmed Oriel's charter in 1327 and refounded King's Hall in 1337.
Prince of Wales
The fourth son of Edward I of England by his first wife Eleanor of Castile , Edward II was born at Caernarfon Castle . He was the first English prince to hold the title of the Prince of Wales , which was formalized by the Lincoln Parliament of February 7 , 1301 .
The story that his father presented Edward II as a newborn to the Welsh as their future native prince is unfounded (the Welsh would have asked the King to give them a prince that spoke Welsh , and he would have answered he would give them a prince that spoke no English at all); the story first appeared in the work of 16th century Welsh "antiquary " David Powel [citation needed ].
Edward became heir at just a few months old, following the death of his elder brother Alphonso . His father, a notable military leader, trained his heir in warfare and statecraft starting in his childhood, yet the young Edward preferred boating and craftsman work - activities thought beneath kings at the time...
On January 25 , 1308 , Edward married Isabella of France , the daughter of King Philip IV of France , "Philip the Fair," and sister to three French kings. The marriage was doomed to failure almost from the beginning. Isabella was frequently neglected by her husband, who spent much of his time conspiring with his favourites regarding how to limit the powers of the Peerage in order to consolidate his father's legacy for himself. Nevertheless, their marriage produced two sons, Edward (1312-1377), who would succeed his father on the throne as Edward III, and John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall (1316-1336), and two daughters, Eleanor (1318-1355) and Joanna (1321-1362), wife of David II of Scotland . Edward had also fathered at least one illegitimate son, Adam FitzRoy , who accompanied his father in the Scottish campaigns of 1322 and died on 18 September 1322 .
[edit ] War with the Barons
When Edward travelled to the northern French city of Boulogne to marry Isabella, he left his friend and counsellor Gaveston to act as regent. Gaveston also received the earldom of Cornwall and the hand of the king's niece, Margaret of Gloucester; these proved to be costly honours.
Various barons grew resentful of Gaveston, and insisted on his banishment through the Ordinances of 1311 . Edward recalled his friend, but in 1312, Gaveston was executed by the Earl of Lancaster and his allies, who claimed that Gaveston led the king to folly. (Gaveston was run through and beheaded on Blacklow Hill, outside the small village of Leek Wootton , where a monument called Gaveston's Cross still stands today).
Immediately following, Edward focused on the destruction of those who had betrayed him, while the barons themselves lost impetus (with Gaveston dead, they saw little need to continue). By mid-July, Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke was advising the king to make war on the barons who, unwilling to risk their lives, entered negotiations in September 1312. In October, the Earls of Lancaster, Warwick, Arundel and Hereford begged Edward's pardon.
[edit ] Conflict with Scotland
During this period, Robert the Bruce was steadily re-conquering Scotland . Each campaign begun by Edward, from 1307 to 1314, ended in Robert's clawing back more of the land that Edward I had taken during his long reign. Robert's military successes against Edward II were due to a number of factors, not the least of which was the Scottish King's strategy. He used small forces to trap an invading English army, he took castles by stealth to preserve his troops and he used the land itself as a weapon against Edward by attacking quickly and then disappearing into the hills before facing the superior numbers of the English. Castle by castle, Robert the Bruce rebuilt Scotland and united the country against its common enemy. Indeed, Robert is quoted as saying that he feared more the dead Edward I than the living Edward II. Thus, by June 1314, only Stirling Castle and Berwick remained under English control.
On 23 June 1314 , Edward and his army of 20,000 foot soldiers and 3000 cavalry faced Robert and his army of foot soldiers and farmers wielding 14 foot long pikes. Edward knew he had to keep the critical stronghold of Stirling Castle if there was to be any chance for English military success. The castle, however, was under a constant state of siege, and the English commander, Sir Phillip de Mowbray, had advised Edward that he would surrender the castle to the Scots unless Edward arrived by June 24 , 1314 , to relieve the siege. Edward could not afford to lose his last forward castle in Scotland. He decided therefore to gamble his entire army to break the siege and force the Scots to a final battle by putting its army into the field.
However, Edward had made a serious mistake in thinking that his vastly superior numbers alone would provide enough of a strategic advantage to defeat the Scots. Robert not only had the advantage of prior warning, as he knew the actual day that Edward would come north and fight, he also had the time to choose the field of battle most advantageous to the Scots and their style of combat. As Edward moved forward on the main road to Stirling, Robert placed his army on either side of the road north, one in the dense woods and the other placed on a bend on the river, a spot hard for the invading army to see. Robert also ordered his men to dig potholes and cover them with bracken in order to help break any cavalry charge.
By contrast, Edward did not issue his writs of service, calling upon 21,540 men, until May 27 , 1314 . Worse, his army was ill-disciplined and had seen little success in eight years of campaigns. On the eve of battle, he decided to move his entire army at night and placed it in a marshy area, with its cavalry laid out in nine squadrons in front of the foot soldiers. The following battle, the Battle of Bannockburn , is considered by contemporary scholars to be the worst defeat sustained by the English since the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
Tactics similar to Robert's were employed by victorious English armies against the French in later centuries, partly as a direct result of the enduring decisiveness of the Scots' victory. A young Henry V of England would use this exact tactic against French cavalry in a key battle on the fields of Agincourt in 1415, winning the day and the war against France.[citation needed ]...
[edit ] End of the Despensers
Reprisals against Edward's allies began immediately thereafter. The Earl of Arundel, an old enemy of Roger Mortimer, was beheaded; this was followed by the trial and execution of Despenser.
Despenser was brutally executed and a huge crowd gathered in anticipation at seeing him die. They dragged him from his horse, stripped him, and scrawled Biblical verses against corruption and arrogance on his skin. They then led him into the city, presenting him in the market square to Roger, Isabella, and the Lancastrians. He was then condemned to hang as a thief, be castrated , and then be drawn and quartered as a traitor, his quarters to be dispersed through England.
[edit ] Abdication
With the King imprisoned, Mortimer and the Queen faced the problem of what to do with him. The simplest solution would be execution: his titles would then pass to Edward of Windsor, whom Isabella could control, while it would also prevent the possibility of his being restored. Execution would require the King to be tried and convicted of treason: and while most Lords agreed that Edward had failed to show due attention to his country, several Prelates argued that, appointed by God, the King could not be legally deposed or executed; if this happened, they said, God would punish the country. Thus, at first, it was decided to have Edward imprisoned for life instead.
However, the fact remained that the legality of power still lay with the King. Isabella had been given the Great Seal, and was using it to rule in the names of the King, herself, and their son as appropriate; nonetheless, these actions were illegal, and could at any moment be challenged.
In these circumstances, Parliament chose to act as an authority above the King. Representatives of the House of Commons were summoned, and debates began. The Archbishop of York and others declared themselves fearful of the London mob, loyal to Roger Mortimer. Others wanted the King to speak in Parliament and openly abdicate , rather than be deposed by the Queen and her General. Mortimer responded by commanding the Mayor of London , Richard de Bethune, to write to Parliament, asking them to go to the Guildhall to swear an oath to protect the Queen and Prince Edward, and to depose the King. Mortimer then called the great lords to a secret meeting that night, at which they gave their unanimous support to the deposition of the King.
Eventually Parliament agreed to remove the King. However, for all that Parliament had agreed that the King should no longer rule, they had not deposed him. Rather, their decision made, Edward was asked to accept it.
On January 20, Edward II was informed at Kenilworth Castle of the charges brought against him. The King was guilty of incompetence; allowing others to govern him to the detriment of the people and Church; not listening to good advice and pursuing occupations unbecoming to a monarch; having lost Scotland and lands in Gascony and Ireland through failure of effective governance; damaging the Church , and imprisoning its representatives; allowing nobles to be killed, disinherited, imprisoned and exiled; failing to ensure fair justice, instead governing for profit and allowing others to do likewise; and of fleeing in the company of a notorious enemy of the realm, leaving it without government, and thereby losing the faith and trust of his people. Edward, profoundly shocked by this judgement, wept while listening. He was then offered a choice: he might abdicate in favour of his son; or he might resist, and relinquish the throne to one not of royal blood, but experienced in government - this, presumably, being Roger Mortimer. The King, lamenting that his people had so hated his rule, agreed that if the people would accept his son, he would abdicate in his favour. The lords, through the person of Sir William Trussel, then renounced their homage to him, and the reign of Edward II ended.
The abdication was announced and recorded in London on January 24, and the following day was proclaimed the first of the reign of Edward III - who, at 14, was still controlled by Isabella and Mortimer. The former King Edward remained imprisoned.
Death
Edward II's tomb at Gloucester Cathedral
The government of Isabella and Mortimer was so precarious that they dared not leave the deposed king in the hands of their political enemies. On April 3, Edward II was removed from Kenilworth and entrusted to the custody of two dependents of Mortimer, then later imprisoned at Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire where, it is generally believed, he was murdered by an agent of Isabella and Mortimer...
Following the public announcement of the king's death, the rule of Isabella and Mortimer did not last long. Mortimer and Isabella made peace with the Scots in the Treaty of Northampton , but this move was highly unpopular. Consequently, when Edward III came of age in 1330, he executed Roger Mortimer on fourteen charges of treason, most significantly the murder of Edward II (thereby removing any public doubt about his father's survival). Edward III spared his mother and gave her a generous allowance, but ensured that she retired from public life for several years. She died at Hertford on August 23 , 1358 .
Edward married Isabella of France on 25 Jan 1308 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France. Isabella was born about 1295 in Paris, France and died on 22 Aug 1358 about age 63.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 67 M i. Edward III King of England was born on 13 Nov 1312 in Windsor Castle, England and died on 21 Jun 1377 in Sheen Palace, Richmond, Surrey, England at age 64.
68 M ii. John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall was born in 1316.
69 F iii. Eleanor Countess of Guelders was born in 1318. Another name for Eleanor was Eleanor of Woodstock.
Eleanor married Reinoud II of Guelders.
70 F iv. Joan Queen of Scots was born in 1321. Another name for Joan was Joan of the Tower.
Joan married David II of Scotland.
43. Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk was born on 1 Jun 1300 and died in 1338 at age 38.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 16-29
Thomas married Alice Hales after 1316. Alice died after 8 May 1316.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 71 F i. Margaret Duchess of Norfolk died on 24 Mar 1399.
44. Catherine verch Llewellyn Gryffyth .
Research Notes: Source: Welsh Settlement of Pennsylvania by Charles H. Browning, Philadelphia, 1912, p. 290.
Catherine married Philip ap Ifor Lord of Is Coed. Another name for Philip is Philip ap Ivor Lord of Iscoed.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 72 F i. Eleanor ferch Philip ap Ifor was born in 1318.
45. Elen ferch Maelgwn Fychan .
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 254-30
Elen married Maredudd ap Owain ap Gruffudd Lord of Cardigan Uch Ayron. Maredudd died in 1265.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 73 M i. Owain ap Maredudd ap Owain of Cardigan died in 1275.
46. Roger de Mortimer 6th Baron Mortimer of Wigmore was born about 1231 and died before 30 Oct 1282 in Kingsland.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), Line 28-29 and 176B-29
Roger married Maud de Braose in 1247. Maud died from before 23 Mar 1300 to 1301.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 74 F i. Isabella de Mortimer died before 1 Apr 1242.
+ 75 M ii. Sir Edmund de Mortimer 7th Baron Mortimer of Wigmore was born in 1261 and died on 17 Jul 1304 at age 43.
47. Humphrey VII de Bohun 3rd Earl of Hereford & 2nd Earl of Essex was born about 1249 and died 31 Dec 1297 or 1298 about age 48.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 97-30 has b. abt 1249, d. Pleshey, 31 Dec. 1298, 3rd Earl of Hereford and Essex, Constable of England.
Wikipedia (Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford):
"Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford and 2nd Earl of Essex (1249 - December 31 , 1297 ) was one of several noblemen of the same name to have held the earldom of Hereford, and a key figure in the Norman conquest of Wales .
"He was the son of Humphrey de Bohun, by Eleanor de Braose, a daughter of William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny and Eve Marshall. His mother died in 1251 ; his father died in 1265 of wounds sustained at the Battle of Evesham . He succeeded his grandfather, Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford , in 1275 as Earl of Hereford and Essex and Lord High Constable .
"Humphrey de Bohun took part in Roger Mortimer 's war against the Welsh, and was present at the defeat at Cefnllys in November, 1262 , by Llywelyn ap Gruffydd . Around 1264 , he was made Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports .
"He also participated in the campaigns against the Gaules and Scots. He refused to pay tribute to Edward I of England and convened an army at Worcester on 24 Jun 1277. In the campaign he commanded the nobles of Marhces and recovered the land of Brecon. He was later imprisoned but freed by a ransom of 10,000 marcs.
"In 1294, Humprhey fought (again) against Edward at Gallois along with Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk and other barons. Ultimately, Humphrey regained the royal favor in Scotland on the side of Edward I, and won the victory at Falkirk on 22 July 1298. He died in Pleshley Castle, Essex on 31 December 1298 or 1 Jan 1299 and was buried with his wife at Walden Abbey in Essex, founded by Geoffrey de Mandeville "
From A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, p.150:
"From 1272 onwards, Bohun and Mortimer redoubled their efforts to repossess the Marcher Lordships granted to Llywelyn under the Treaty of Montgomery. In 1274, there was a dramatic addition to the ranks of the prince's enemies when his brother, Dafydd, and his chief vassal, Gruffudd ap Gwenwynwyn, fled to England, leaving behind them evidence of a plot to kill him."
Humphrey married Maud de Fiennes on 17 Jul 1275. Maud was born between 1236 and 1259 and died before 31 Dec 1298. Another name for Maud was Mahaud de Fiennes.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 76 M i. Humphrey VIII de Bohun 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex was born about 1276 in Pleshey Castle, Essex, England and died 16 Mar 1321 or 1322 in Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, England about age 45.
Tenth Generation 48. Jeanne of Navarre was born in Jan 1272 and died on 2 Apr 1305 at age 33. Another name for Jeanne was Jeanne de Navarre.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Isabella of France.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 45-31.
Jeanne married Philip IV King of France on 16 Aug 1284 in Paris, France. Philip was born in 1268 in Fontainebleau and died on 29 Nov 1314 at age 46. Another name for Philip was Philip "the Fair" King of France.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crowned: King of France, 1285.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 77 F i. Isabella of France was born about 1295 in Paris, France and died on 22 Aug 1358 about age 63.
78 M ii. Charles IV of France .
49. Eleanor of Lancaster was born about 1318 in Arundel, West Sussex, England, died on 11 Jan 1372 in Arundel Castle, West Sussex, England about age 54, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England. Another name for Eleanor was Eleanor Plantagenet.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 17-30.
Also Rootsweb
From Wikipedia - Eleanor of Lancaster :
Eleanor of Lancaster (sometimes called Eleanor Plantagenet 1) (about 1315 - 11 January 1372 ) was born as the fifth daughter of Henry, Earl of Lancaster (c. 1281-1345) and his wife Maud Chaworth (1282-1322).
First marriage and offspring
Sometime between September 1 and November 6 , 1330 , she married John de Beaumont, 2nd Lord Beaumont , son of Henry Beaumont, 4th Earl of Buchan (c. 1288 - 1340) and his wife Alice Comyn (c. 1291-1349). They had two children:
Henry Beaumont, 3rd Lord Beaumont , born 1340
Matilda Beaumont (died July 1467), married Hugh de Courtenay
Eleanor was a lady-in-waiting to Queen Philippa , and was in service to her in Ghent when her son Henry was born. John de Beaumont died in a tournament on 14 April 1342 .
Second marriage
On 5 February 1344 at Ditton Church , Stoke Poges , Buckinghamshire , she married Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel (9th Earl of Arundel per Ancestral Roots), 4th Earl of Surrey, known by the soubriquet of "Copped Hat", Justiciar of North Wales, Governor of Carnarvon Castle, Admiral of the West.2
His previous marriage, to Isabel le Despenser , had taken place when they were children. It was annulled by Papal mandate as she, since her father's attainder and execution, had ceased to be of any importance to him. Pope Clement VI obligingly annulled the marriage, bastardized the issue, and provided a dispensation for his second marriage to the woman with whom he had been living in adultery (the dispensation, dated 4 March 1344 /1345 , was required because his first and second wives were first cousins).
The children of Eleanor's second marriage were:
Richard (1346-1397), who succeeded as Earl of Arundel
John Fitzalan (bef 1349-1379)
Thomas Arundel , Archbishop of York (c. 1345-February 19 , 1413 )
Joan Fitzalan (bef. 1351-April 17 , 1419 ), married Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford
Alice Fitzalan (1352 -March 17 , 1416 ), married Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent (Thomas Holand)
Eleanor died at Arundel and was buried at Lewes Priory in Lewes , Sussex , England. Her husband was buried beside her; in his will Richard requests to be buried "near to the tomb of Eleanor de Lancaster, my wife; and I desire that my tomb be no higher than hers, that no men at arms, horses, hearse, or other pomp, be used at my funeral, but only five torches...as was about the corpse of my wife, be allowed."
Sources
Notes
Eleanor married John de Beaumont Earl of Buchan, 2nd Lord Beaumont between 1 Sep 1330 and 6 Nov 1330. John was born in 1318 and died on 14 Apr 1342 at age 24.
Marriage Notes: Wikipedia - Eleanor of Lancaster.
Children from this marriage were:
79 M i. Henry Beaumont 3rd Lord Beaumont was born in 1340.
80 F ii. Matilda Beaumont died in Jul 1467.
Eleanor next married Sir Richard "Copped Hat" FitzAlan 10th Earl of Arundel and Warenne on 5 Feb 1344 in Ditton Church, Stokes Poges, Buckinghamshire, England. Richard was born about 1313, died from 24 Jan 1375 to 1376 in Arundel, West Sussex, England about age 62, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England. Other names for Richard were Richard of Arundel, and Sir Richard de Arundel.
Marriage Notes: Wikipedia
Children from this marriage were:
+ 81 M i. Sir Richard FitzAlan 11th Earl of Arundel & 10th Earl of Surrey was born in 1346 and died on 21 Sep 1397 in Cheapside at age 51.
+ 82 M ii. John FitzAlan 1st Baron Arundel and Lord Maltravers was born about 1348 in Etchingham, Sussex, England and died on 16 Dec 1379 about age 31.
83 M iii. Thomas Arundel Archbishop of York was born abo
