1. Fornjotur King in Kvenland 1 was born about 160 in Kvenland, (Finland & Sweden).
Fornjotur married
+ 2 M i. Kara Fornjotsson King in Kvenland 1 was born about 185 in Kvenland, [Finland & Sweden].
Second Generation 2. Kara Fornjotsson King in Kvenland 1 was born about 185 in Kvenland, [Finland & Sweden]. Another name for Kara was Kara Fornjotursson King in Kvenland.
Kara married
+ 3 M i. Frosti Karasson King in Kvenland 1 was born about 210 in Kvenland, [Finland & Sweden].
Third Generation 3. Frosti Karasson King in Kvenland 1 was born about 210 in Kvenland, [Finland & Sweden].
Frosti married
+ 4 M i. Jokull Frostasson 1 was born about 240 in Kvenland, [Finland & Sweden].
Fourth Generation 4. Jokull Frostasson 1 was born about 240 in Kvenland, [Finland & Sweden].
Jokull married
+ 5 M i. Snaer Jokulsson King in Kvenland 1 was born about 275 in Kvenland, [Finland & Sweden].
Fifth Generation 5. Snaer Jokulsson King in Kvenland 1 was born about 275 in Kvenland, [Finland & Sweden]. Another name for Snaer was Svaer Jokullsson King in Kvenland.
Snaer married
+ 6 M i. Thorri Snaersson King in Kvenland 2 was born about 320 in <Romsdal, (Norway)>.
+ 7 F ii. Driva Snaersdotter 1 was born in (Finland).
Sixth Generation 6. Thorri Snaersson King in Kvenland 2 was born about 320 in <Romsdal, (Norway)>. Another name for Thorri was Thorri Svaersson King in Kvenland.
Thorri married
+ 8 M i. Gorr Thorrasson 2 was born about 365 in <Romsdal, (Norway)>.
+ 9 M ii. Norr Thorasson 3 was born about 345 in <Raumsdal>, Norway.
7. Driva Snaersdotter 1 was born in (Finland).
Driva married Vanlandi Svegdasson King in Sweden.,1 4 son of Sveigđir Fjölnarsson King in Sweden and Vana of Vanaheim. Another name for Vanlandi is Vanlande King of Sweden.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 10 M i. Visbur Vanlandasson King in Sweden .1 5
Seventh Generation 8. Gorr Thorrasson 2 was born about 365 in <Romsdal, (Norway)>.
Gorr married
+ 11 M i. Heytir Gorrsson 2 was born about 425 in <Romsdal, (Norway)>.
9. Norr Thorasson 3 was born about 345 in <Raumsdal>, Norway.
Norr married
+ 12 M i. Raum "the Old" Norrsson 3 was born about 370 in <Ogdum, Raumsdal, Norway>.
10. Visbur Vanlandasson King in Sweden .1 5
Research Notes: Mythological Swedish king, in the House of Ynglings.
From Wikipedia - Visbur :
In Scandinavian mythology , Visbur was a king of the House of Ynglings and the son of Vanlandi . He was burned to death inside his hall by the arson of two of his own sons in revenge for rejecting their mother and denying them their heritage. He was succeeded by his son Dómaldi .
Snorri Sturluson wrote of Visbur in his Ynglinga saga (1225):
Visbur succeeded his father Vanlande. He married the daughter of Aude the Rich , and gave her as her bride-gift three large farms, and a gold ornament. They had two sons, Gisle and Ond; but Visbur left her and took another wife, whereupon she went home to her father with her two sons. Visbur had a son who was called Domald, and his stepmother used witchcraft to give him ill-luck. Now, when Visbur's sons were the one twelve and the other thirteen years of age, they went to their father's place, and desired to have their mother's dower; but he would not deliver it to them. Then they said that the gold ornament should be the death of the best man in all his race, and they returned home. Then they began again with enchantments and witchcraft, to try if they could destroy their father. The sorceress Huld said that by witchcraft she could bring it about by this means, that a murderer of his own kin should never be wanting in the Yngling race; and they agreed to have it so. Thereafter they collected men, came unexpectedly in the night on Visbur, and burned him in his house.[2][3]
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation:
He [Vanlande] was the father of Visbur, whose sons burnt him alive with all his hirdsmen, so that they might attain their inheritance more swiftly. His son Domalde [...][7] The even earlier source Íslendingabók cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and also gives Visburr as the successor of Vanlandi and the predecessor of Dómaldr : vi Vanlandi. vii Visburr. viii Dómaldr[8].
Visbur married
+ 13 M i. Domalde Visbursson King in Sweden .1 6
Eighth Generation 11. Heytir Gorrsson 2 was born about 425 in <Romsdal, (Norway)>.
Heytir married
+ 14 M i. Svidri Heytsson 2 was born about 600 in (Norway).
12. Raum "the Old" Norrsson 3 was born about 370 in <Ogdum, Raumsdal, Norway>.
Raum married Hildur Gudraudsdatter 7 about 391 in Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway. Hildur was born about 371 in <Raumsdal>, Norway.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 15 M i. Hring Raumsson 3 was born about 406 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
13. Domalde Visbursson King in Sweden .1 6 Other names for Domalde are Dómaldi Visbursson King in Sweden, and Dómaldr King of Sweden.
Research Notes: Mythological Swedish king, of the House of Ynglings.
From Wikipedia - Domalde :
In Norse mythology Domalde, Dómaldi or Dómaldr was a Swedish king of the House of Ynglings , cursed by his stepmother, according to Snorri Sturluson , with ósgćssa, "ill-luck". He was the son of Visbur .
The luck of the king is the luck of the land,[1] and Domalde's rule was marked by bad crops and starvation. The first autumn, the Swedes sacrificed oxen at the temple at Uppsala , but the next harvest was not better. The second autumn, they sacrificed men, but the following crops were even worse.
The third year many Swedes arrived at Gamla Uppsala at the Thing of all Swedes and the chiefs decided they had to sacrifice the king. They sprinkled the statues of the gods with his blood (see Blót ) and the good harvests returned.
He was succeeded by his son Domar whose reign was prosperous.
Snorri Sturluson wrote of Domalde in his Ynglinga saga (1225):
Domald took the heritage after his father Visbur, and ruled over the land. As in his time there was great famine and distress, the Swedes made great offerings of sacrifice at Upsal . The first autumn they sacrificed oxen, but the succeeding season was not improved thereby. The following autumn they sacrificed men, but the succeeding year was rather worse. The third autumn, when the offer of sacrifices should begin, a great multitude of Swedes came to Upsal; and now the chiefs held consultations with each other, and all agreed that the times of scarcity were on account of their king Domald, and they resolved to offer him for good seasons, and to assault and kill him, and sprinkle the stalle of the gods with his blood. And they did so.[3][4]
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation:
His [Visbur] son Domalde was hanged by the Swedes as a sacrificial offering to Ceres to ensure the fruitfulness of the crops. Domalde begot Domar, [...][8]
The even earlier source Íslendingabók cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and also gives Dómaldr as the successor of Visburr and the predecessor of Dómarr : vii Visburr. viii Dómaldr. ix Dómarr[9].
Domalde married
+ 16 M i. Domar Domaldasson King in Sweden .1 8
Ninth Generation 14. Svidri Heytsson 2 was born about 600 in (Norway). Another name for Svidri was Svidri Heytirsson.
Svidri married
+ 17 M i. Sveidi Svidrasson 2 was born about 650 in <Romsdal, (Norway)>.
15. Hring Raumsson 3 was born about 406 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
Hring married
+ 18 M i. Halfdan "the Old" Hringsson 3 was born about 450 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
16. Domar Domaldasson King in Sweden .1 8
Research Notes: Mythological Swedish king, of the House of Ynglings.
From Wikipedia - Domar :
In Norse mythology , the Swedish king Domar of the House of Ynglings was the son of Domalde . He was married to Drott , the sister of Dan the Arrogant who gave his names to the Danes. Drott and Dan are in this work said to be the children of Danp son of Ríg .
His rule lasted long and after the sacrifice of his father Domalde , the crops were plentiful and peace reigned. Consequently there is not much to tell about his reign, and when he died at Uppsala , he was transported over the Fyris Wolds (Fyrisvellir ) and burnt on the banks of the river, where a stone was raised over his ashes.
He was succeeded by his son Dyggvi .
Snorri Sturluson wrote of Domar in his Ynglinga saga (1225):
Domald's son, called Domar, next ruled over the land. He reigned long, and in his days were good seasons and peace. Nothing is told of him but that he died in his bed in Upsal , and was transported to the Fyrisvold , where his body was burned on the river bank, and where his standing stone still remains.[2][3]
The information about Domar's marriage appears after Snorri has presented Domar's son Dyggvi (Danish tongue refers to the Old Norse language as a whole and not only to the dialect of Denmark):
Dygve's mother was Drott , a daughter of King Danp, the son of Rig , who was first called "king" in the Danish tongue. His descendants always afterwards considered the title of king the title of highest dignity. Dygve was the first of his family to be called king, for his predecessors had been called "Drottnar", and their wives "Drottningar", and their court "Drott". Each of their race was called Yngve, or Yngune, and the whole race together Ynglinger. The Queen Drott was a sister of King Dan Mikillati , from whom Denmark a took its name.[2][3]
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation:
Domalde begot Domar, who died in Sweden. Likewise Dyggve, his son, [...][7] The even earlier source Íslendingabók cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and also gives Dómarr as the successor of Dómaldr and the predecessor of Dyggvi : viii Dómaldr. ix Dómarr. x Dyggvi[8].
Domar married Drott Danpsdotter.,1 8 daughter of Danp Rigsson and Unknown. Drott was born in (Sweden).
The child from this marriage was:
+ 19 M i. Dyggvi Domarsson King in Sweden .1 9
Tenth Generation 17. Sveidi Svidrasson 2 was born about 650 in <Romsdal, (Norway)>. Another name for Sveidi was Sveithi "the Sea King" Svidrasson.
Sveidi married
+ 20 M i. Halfdan "the Aged" Sveidasson Jarl of Oppland 10 11 12 was born about 762 in Oppland, (Norway) and died about 800 about age 38.
18. Halfdan "the Old" Hringsson 3 was born about 450 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
Halfdan married Almveigu Eymundsdatter 7 about 479 in Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway, daughter of Eymund King in Holmgard and Unknown. Almveigu was born about 455 in <Holmgarth, Novgorod, Russia>.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 21 M i. Lofdi Halfdansson 3 was born about 498 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
+ 22 M ii. Budli Halfdansson 7 was born about 502 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
+ 23 M iii. Hildi Halfdansson 7 was born about 500 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
19. Dyggvi Domarsson King in Sweden .1 9 Another name for Dyggvi is Dyggve King of Sweden.
Research Notes: Mythological Swedish king, of the House of Ynglings.
From Wikipedia - Dyggvi :
Dyggvi or Dyggve was a mythological Swedish king of the House of Ynglings . He died in bed and never reached Valhalla . Instead he went to Hel , Loki 's daughter, who acquired a husband of royal blood. He was succeeded by his son Dag the Wise .
Snorri Sturluson wrote of Domar in his Ynglinga saga (1225):
Dygve was the name of his son, who succeeded him in ruling the land; and about him nothing is said but that he died in his bed.[2][3] About Dyggvi's mother Snorri had more to say:
Dygve's mother was Drott , a daughter of King Danp, the son of Rig , who was first called "king" in the Danish tongue. His descendants always afterwards considered the title of king the title of highest dignity. Dygve was the first of his family to be called king, for his predecessors had been called "Drottnar", and their wives "Drottningar", and their court "Drott". Each of their race was called Yngve, or Yngune, and the whole race together Ynglinger. The Queen Drott was a sister of King Dan Mikillati , from whom Denmark took its name.[2][3] In his Ynglinga saga , Snorri Sturluson included a piece from Ynglingatal composed in the 9th century:
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation:
Likewise Dyggve, his [Domar's] son, reached the limit of his life in that same region [Sweden]. His son Dag [...][7]
The even earlier source Íslendingabók also cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and it also gives Dyggvi as the successor of Dómarr and the predecessor of Dagr : ix Dómarr. x Dyggvi. xi Dagr[8].
Dyggvi married
+ 24 M i. Dag "the Wise" Dyggvisson King in Sweden .1 13
11th Generation 20. Halfdan "the Aged" Sveidasson Jarl of Oppland 10 11 12 was born about 762 in Oppland, (Norway) and died about 800 about age 38. Another name for Halfdan was Halfdan II "Mildi" Eysteinsson.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-14
Halfdan married
+ 25 M i. Ivar Halfdansson Jarl of Oppland 12 14 15 was born about 783 in Oppland , (Norway).
21. Lofdi Halfdansson 3 was born about 498 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
Lofdi married
+ 26 M i. Skuli Lofdasson 3 was born about 548 in <Norway>.
22. Budli Halfdansson 7 was born about 502 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
Budli married
+ 27 M i. Attip Budlasson 7 was born about 565 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
23. Hildi Halfdansson 7 was born about 500 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
Hildi married
+ 28 M i. Hildibrand Hildasson 7 was born about 550 in <Norway>.
24. Dag "the Wise" Dyggvisson King in Sweden .1 13 Another name for Dag is Dagr Spaka King of Sweden.
Research Notes: Mythological Swedish king, of the House of Yngling, in the 2nd or 3rd century.
From Wikipedia - Dag the Wise :
Dag the Wise or Dagr Spaka (2nd or 3rd century AD) was a mythological Swedish king of the House of Ynglings . He was the son of Dyggvi , the former king. According to legend, he could understand the speech of birds and had a sparrow that gathered news for him from many lands. When the bird was killed on one of these trips, Dag invaded Reidgotaland (considering the date and location, apparently Gothiscandza ), in order to avenge it. There he was ambushed by a thrall and killed.
The earliest two versions based on Ynglingatal , i.e. Historia Norwegić and Íslendingabók (see below) say that Dag was succeeded by his son Alrekr and Eírikr who in their turn were succeeded by Dag's grandson Agne (in Historia Norwegić incorrectly called Hogne[1]):
Historia Norwegić :
His [Dyggve's] son Dag succeeded to his throne; he was killed by the Danes in a royal battle at a ford named Skjotansvad, while he was trying to avenge the violence done to a sparrow. This man engendered Alrek, who was beaten to death with a bridle by his brother, Eirik. Alrek was father to Agne, [...][3]
Íslendingabók only lists the line of succession: x Dyggvi. xi Dagr. xii Alrekr. xiii Agni. xiiii Yngvi''[4].
However, in the Ynglinga saga , Snorri Sturluson gives Agne as Dag's son and successor, and the two brothers Alrekr and Eiríkr as his grandsons.
The fact that Skjótansvađ/Vápnavađ appear both in Ynglinga saga and in Historia Norwegić's earlier summary of Ynglingatal but not in Snorri's later quotation from it, suggests that all of Ynglingatal was not presented by him.
Dag married
+ 29 M i. Agne Dagsson King in Sweden .1 16
12th Generation 25. Ivar Halfdansson Jarl of Oppland 12 14 15 was born about 783 in Oppland , (Norway). Other names for Ivar were Ivar Jarl of the Uplands, Ivar Jarl of Norway, and Ivar Oplaendinge Jarl.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has fl. 800; http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f50/a0025008.htm has b. 783
Research Notes: Fl. abt. 800
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-15
Ivar married < > Eysteinsdatter 2 about 824. < was born about 785 in Trondheim, Sřr-Trřndelag, (Norway).
The child from this marriage was:
+ 30 M i. Eystein "Glumra" Ivarsson Jarl of Oppland 2 17 18 19 was born about 800 in <Maer, (Nord-Trondelag), Norway>.
26. Skuli Lofdasson 3 was born about 548 in <Norway>.
Skuli married
+ 31 M i. Egdir Skulasson 3 was born about 598 in <Norway>.
27. Attip Budlasson 7 was born about 565 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
Attip married
+ 32 M i. Leinfni Attipsson 7 was born about 625 in <Norway>.
28. Hildibrand Hildasson 7 was born about 550 in <Norway>.
Hildibrand married
+ 33 M i. Herbrand Hildibrandsson 7 was born about 600 in <Norway>.
29. Agne Dagsson King in Sweden .1 16 Other names for Agne are Agni Dagsson King in Sweden, Agni Skjálfarbondi King of Sweden, and Hogne King of Sweden.
Research Notes: Mythological Swedish king, of the House of Yngling.
From Wikipedia - Agne :
Agne, Agni, Hogne or Agni Skjálfarbondi was a mythological king of Sweden , of the House of Yngling .
Snorri Sturluson relates that he was the son of Dag the Wise , and he was mighty and famous. He was also skilled in many ways.
One summer, he went to Finland with his army where he pillaged. The Finns gathered a vast host under a chief named Frosti .[1]
A great battle ensued which Agne won and many Finns were killed together with Frosti. Agne then subdued all of Finland with his army, and captured not only great booty but also Frosti's daughter Skjalf and her kinsman Logi .[2]
Agne returned to Sweden and they arrived at Stocksund (Stockholm ) where they put up their tent on the side of the river where it is flat. Agne had a torc which had belonged to Agne's great-great-great-grandfather Visbur (who, interestingly, was the son of Skjalf's niece Drífa). Although, they were related, Agne married Skjalf who became pregnant with two sons, Erik and Alrik .
Skjalf asked Agne to honour her dead father Frosti with a great feast, which he granted. He invited a great many guests, who gladly arrived to the now even more famous Swedish king. They had a drinking competition in which Agne became very drunk. Skjalf saw her opportunity and asked Agne to take care of Visbur's torc which was around his neck. Agne bound it fast around his neck before he went to sleep.
The king's tent was next to the woods and was under the branches of a tall tree for shade. When Agne was fast asleep, Skjalf took a rope which she attached to the torc. Then she had her men remove the tent, and she threw the rope over a bough. Then she told her men to pull the rope and they hanged Agne avenging Skjalf's father. Skjalf and her men ran to the ships and escaped to Finland, leaving her sons behind.
Agne was buried at the place and it is presently called Agnafit , which is east of the Tauren (the Old Norse name for Södertörn ) and west of Stocksund.
Ynglingatal then gives Alrekr and Eiríkr as Agne's successors.
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation:
This man [Dag] engendered Alrek, who was beaten to death with a bridle by his brother, Eirik. Alrek was father to Agne, whose wife dispatched him with her own hands by hanging him on a tree with a golden chain near a place called Agnafit.
His son, Ingjald, [...][8] Agne is incorrectly called Hogne[7]. Unlike Ynglingatal, Historia Norwegić does not give Dagr as Agne's predecessor, but Alrekr . Instead Alrekr is Agne's predecessor and Agne is succeeded by Yngvi (incorrectly called Ingialdr[7]). The even earlier source Íslendingabók cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and it gives the same line of succession as Historia Norwegić: xii Alrekr. xiii Agni. xiiii Yngvi[9].
The location indicated by Snorri Sturluson as the place of Agne's death has a barrow called Agnehögen (Agne's barrow) in Lillhersby . The barrow was excavated by Oxenstierna and dated to c. 400.[10]
Agne married Skjálf Frostadotter.,1 16 daughter of Frosti King in Finland and Unknown.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 34 M i. Alrik Agnesson King in Sweden .1 20
35 M ii. Eirík King of Sweden .20 Another name for Eirík is Eiríkr King of Sweden.
13th Generation 30. Eystein "Glumra" Ivarsson Jarl of Oppland 2 17 18 19 was born about 800 in <Maer, (Nord-Trondelag), Norway>. Other names for Eystein were Eystein Ivarsson Jarl of Oppland, Eystein "the Noisy" Ivarsson Jarl of Oppland, and Glumra Ivarsson Jarl of Oppland.
Birth Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f50/a0025002.htm has b. 810.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-16. "EYSTEIN GLUMRA, Jarl of the Uplands, abt. 830, sd. to have fathered two known children: Swanhild, who m. HARALD (243A-17) King of Norway, and RAGNVALD I"
Eystein married Aseda Rognvaldsdatter.,19 21 daughter of Ragnvald "the Mountain-High" Olafsson King of Vestfold and Unknown. Aseda was born about 804 in <Maer, (Nord-Trondelag), Norway>. Other names for Aseda were Aseda Ranvaldsdatter, and Ascrida Rognvaldsdatter.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 36 M i. Ragnvald Eysteinsson Earl of Mřre 19 22 23 24 was born before 867 in Oppland , (Norway), died in 890 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland, and was buried in 893.
37 F ii. Swanhild .
38 M iii. Sigurd Eysteinsson 25 was born about 832 in Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway. Another name for Sigurd was Earl Eysteinsson.
+ 39 M iv. Malahule Eysteinsson 2 26 was born about 845 in Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway.
+ 40 F v. Svanhild Eysteinsdatter 7 was born about 850 in <Maer, Nord-Trondelag, (Norway)>.
31. Egdir Skulasson 3 was born about 598 in <Norway>.
Egdir married
+ 41 M i. Hjalmther Egdirsson 3 was born about 638 in <Norway>.
32. Leinfni Attipsson 7 was born about 625 in <Norway>.
Leinfni married
+ 42 M i. Budi Leinfnisson 7 was born about 680 in <Norway>.
33. Herbrand Hildibrandsson 7 was born about 600 in <Norway>.
Herbrand married
+ 43 M i. Hildibrand Herbrandsson 7 was born about 650 in <Norway>.
34. Alrik Agnesson King in Sweden .1 20 Another name for Alrik is Alrekr Agnarsson King in Sweden.
Research Notes: Legendary king of Sweden, brother of Eirík
From Wikipedia - Alrek and Eirík :
Alrek and Eirík (Old Norse Alrekr and Eiríkr ) were two legendary kings of Sweden .
In the Ynglinga saga
According to the Ynglinga saga , Alrek and Eirík were sons and heirs of the previous king Agni by his wife Skjálf. They shared the kingship. They were mighty in both war and sports, but were especially skillful horsmen and vied with one another about their horsemanship and their horses.
One day they rode off from their retinue and did not return. They were found dead with their heads battered but no weapons with them save the bridle bits of their horses. Accordingly it was believed that they had quarreled and come to blows and had slain each other with their bridle bits. They were succeeded by Alrik's sons Yngvi and Alf.
However, in other sources, only Alrek died, and in the piece of Ynglingatal quoted by Snorri Sturluson it is only Alrek who dies explicitly. Erik's death seems to be a misunderstanding on Snorri's part due to an influence from the succeeding kings (see also the other sources below):
Ynglingatal then gives Yngvi and Alf as Alrekr's and Eiríkr's successors.
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation:
This man [Dag] engendered Alrek, who was beaten to death with a bridle by his brother, Eirik. Alrek was father to Agne, [...][6]
Hogna is an error for Agne .[5] Unlike Ynglingatal, Historia Norwegić gives Dagr as Alrekr's predecessor. Instead Alrekr precedes Agne and Agne is succeeded by Yngvi (incorrectly called Ingialdr[5]). The even earlier source Íslendingabók cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and it gives the same line of succession as Historia Norwegić: xi Dagr. xii Alrekr. xiii Agni. xiiii Yngvi.[7]
In Gautreks saga and Hrólfs saga Gautrekssonar
Gautreks saga also makes Alrek and Eirík sons of Agni by Skjálf and co-kings and it was to them that the warrior Starkad fled after his slaying of King Vikar. Starkad served them first as a companions on their viking expeditions and then, after Alrek and Eirík had settled down, went on further Viking expeditions alone.
But King Alrek had a short life, for Eirík struck Alrek dead with a bridle when they were out to train their horses and then ruled as sole ruler over Sweden. This version says that Eirík reigned for a long time as told in Hrólfs saga Gautrekssonar (Saga of Hrólf son of Gautrek).
This second saga introduces Thornbjörg, the daughter of King Eirík and Queen Ingigerd, who was a skillful shieldmaiden and ruled over part of the kingdom. Thornbjörg even called herself King Thorberg. But eventually she fell in love with Hrólf son of Gautrek and agreed to marry him, at which point she gave up her weapons to her father King Eirík and took up embroidery.
In Gesta Danorum
Saxo Grammaticus in Book 5 of his Gesta Danorum introduces Ericus Desertus, that is Erik the Eloquent, son of a champion named Regnerus (Ragnar), both Norwegians in the service of King Gřtarus (Götar) of Norway, a monarch otherwise unknown. This Erik is likely to be the Eirík the Eloquent or Eiríkr the Wise in Speech mentioned by Snorri Sturluson in the Skáldskaparmál as being of Ylfing lineage. But he otherwise has left no clear record in surviving Norse literature.
Saxo makes up for it by telling at greath length of Erik's amusing deeds. He relates how Erik outwitted all foes with clever tricks and became the counselor of Fróđi son of Fridleif, king of Denmark . Erik's expeditions on Fróđi's behalf always went well because of Erik's cunning and way with words. Erik finally married Fróđi's sister Gunvara and Erik's elder half-brother Rollerus (Roller) was made king of Norway.
Saxo then brings in a king of the Swedes named Alricus (Alrik) who corresponds to Alrek of the Norse tradition. Alrik was at war with Gestiblindus king of the Gautar (Geats) and Gestiblindus now sought Fróđi's aid. (In the Norse Hervarar saga Gestumblindi is the name assumed by the disguised Odin and it is possible that this Gestiblindus is also Odin in disguise.)
Erik and Skalk the Scanian pursued the war and slew Alrik's son Gunthiovus (Old Norse Gunnţjófr) leader of the men of Vermland and Solongs . Then occurred a parley and secret interview between Alrik and Erik in which Alrik attempted to win Erik over to his cause. When this failed, Alrik asked that the war be settled by a single combat between himself and Gestiblindus. Erik refused the offer because of Gestiblind's unfitness and advanced years but made a counter-offer to fight such a duel with Alrik himself if Alrik were willing. The fight occurred straightaway. Alrik was slain and Erik seemed to be fatally wounded so that a report actually came to King Fróđi that Erik was dead. Indeed Erik was long in recovering. However Fróđi was disabused when Erik himself returned announcing that Fróđi was now also king of Sweden, Värmland, Helsingland , and Soleyar . Fróđi then gave all those lands to Erik to rule directly and also gave Erik the two Laplands , Finland , and Estonia as dependencies paying annual tribute.
Saxo explains that this Erik was the first Swedish king to be called Erik but that after him it became a very common name among the Swedish kings. He also writes that Erik met and helped the champion Arngrim , an account that agrees with Hervarar saga , where Arngrim's sons meet Erik's successor Yngvi (see e.g. Angantyr and Hjalmar ).
That the duel occurred at the end of a "secret interview" suggests that Alrik and Erik were alone when they fought just as were their counterparts in the Norse accounts. That Erik was believed to have died suggests knowledge of the Ynglinga saga version in which both fighters met their death. There is no mention of horse bridles. But Erik is not elsewhere a great duelist or champion but instead a trickster who wins through stratagems and deceiving words so that is it likely that Saxo or his source passed over a stratagem in which a horse bridle played a part.
Saxo also mentions Starkad's stay in Sweden in Book 6 in a summary of Starkad's life up to that point in his history. But Saxo does not indicate what king or kings then ruled Sweden, saying only:
... he went into the land of the Swedes, where he lived at leisure for seven years' space with the sons of Frř.
Frř is of course the god Frey , the ancestor of the Swedish dynasty.
At the beginning of Book 6, Saxo notes that Erik died of a disease and was succeeded by his son Haldanus (Halfdan ). Halfdan was later slain by rivals for the throne but the warrior Starkad established Halfdans' heir Siward as the new king. Siward's daughter Signe was married to King Harald of Denmark who was co-king his brother Fróđi. Later Harald's son Halfdan, now king of Denmark, slew Siward in war. But Siward's grandson Erik, the son of Halfdan's uncle Fróđi by Signe, the direct heir to the throne, now rose up against Halfdan. After a long war this second Erik was captured by Haldfan and left in the woods in chains to be devoured by beasts. With him, it seems, the Swedish line of Erik the Eloquent, as set forth by Saxo, came to an end.
Commentary
It is not clear whether or not the accounts in the Gesta Danorum and the accounts in the Ynglinga saga' tales of a Danish king named Halfdan who became king of Sweden are at all related. See Halfdan .
Traditions of twin brothers connected with horses appear are a commonplace in Indo-European cultures as are foundation legends about two twin brothers, one of whom kills the other. It is possible that Alrek and Eirik are reflexes of such traditions.
Saxo's identification of the legendary Eirík the Eloquent with the legendary Swedish king Eirík probably originated as a flourish by a pro-Danish or pro-Norwegian story teller.
Alrik married Dagreid Dagsdotter.,1 daughter of Dag "the Powerful" and Unknown. Another name for Dagreid is Dageith Dagsdotter.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 44 M i. Yngvi Alreksson King in Sweden .1 27
45 M ii. Alf King of Sweden .28 Another name for Alf is Alverus King of Sweden.
14th Generation 36. Ragnvald Eysteinsson Earl of Mřre 19 22 23 24 was born before 867 in Oppland , (Norway), died in 890 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland, and was buried in 893. Other names for Ragnvald were Ragnvald I "the Wise" Earl of Mřre, and Rognvald I "the Wise" Jarl of More.
Birth Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f00/a0020082.htm has b. 857, of Upland, Denmark.
Research Notes: Jarl of North and South Mřre, and of Ramsdal in Norway.
Parentage uncertain.
From Wikipedia - Rognvald Eysteinsson :
Rognvald "The Wise" Eysteinsson (son of Eystein Ivarsson ) is the founder of the Earldom of Orkney in the Norse Sagas . Three quite different accounts of the creation of the Norse earldom on Orkney and Shetland exist. The best known is that found in the Heimskringla , but other older traditions are found in the Historia Norvegiae and the Fragmentary Annals of Ireland .
Sagas
The saga accounts are the best known, and the latest, of the three surviving traditions concerning Rognvald and the foundation of the Earldom of Orkney. Recorded in the 13th century, their views are informed by Norwegian politics of the day. Once, historians could write that no-one denied the reality of Harald Fairhair 's expeditions to the west recounted in Heimskringla, but this is no longer the case. The Norwegian contest with the Kings of Scots over the Hebrides and the Isle of Man in the middle 13th century underlies the sagas.[1]
In the Heimskringla, Rognvald is Earl of Mřre . He accompanies Harald Fairhair on his great expeditions to the west, to Ireland and to Scotland . Here, Rognvald's son Ivarr is killed. In compensation King Harald grants Rognvald Orkney and Shetland. Rognvald himself returns to Norway , giving the northern isles to his brother Sigurd Eysteinsson .[2]
The Heimskringla recounts other tales of Rognvald. It tells how he causes Harald Finehair to be given his byname Fairhair by cutting and dressing his hair, which had been uncut for ten years on account of Harald's vow never to cut it until he was ruler of all Norway,[3] and it makes him the father of Ganger-Hrólf, identified by saga writers with the Rollo (Hrólfr), ancestor of the Dukes of Normandy , who was said to have been established as Count of Rouen by King Charles the Simple in 931.[4]
Earl Rognvald is killed by Harald's son Halfdan Hĺlegg. Rognvald's death is avenged by his son, Earl Turf-Einar , from whom later Orkney earls claimed descent, who kills Halfdan on North Ronaldsay .[5]
Historia Norvegiae
The Historia Norvegiae's account of Rognvald and the foundation of the Orkney earldom is the next oldest, probably dating from the 12th century. This account contains much curious detail on Orkney, including the earliest account of the Picts as small people who hid in the daytime, but it has little to say about Rognvald.
In the days of Harald Fairhair, king of Norway, certain pirates, of the family of the most vigorous prince Ronald [Rognvald], set out with a great fleet, and crossed the Solundic sea..., and subdued the islands to themselves. And being there provided with safe winter seats, they went in summer-time working tyranny upon the English, and the Scots, and sometimes also upon the Irish, so that they took under their rule, from England, Northumbria ; from Scotland, Caithness ; from Ireland, Dublin , and the other sea-side towns.[6]
This account does not associate Rognvald with the earldom, but instead attributes it to his anonymous kinfolk.
Fragmentary Annals of Ireland
The oldest account of the Rognvald and the earldom of Orkney is that found in the Fragmentary Annals of Ireland. The annals survive only in incomplete copies made by Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh in the 17th century, but the original annals are believed to date from the lifetime of Donnchad mac Gilla Pátraic (died 1039). The annals are known to have had an influence on later writings in Iceland .
The annals make Rognvald the son of "Halfdan, King of Lochlann ". This is generally understood to mean Halfdan the Black , which would make the Rognvald of the annals the brother of Harald Finehair. However, the sagas claim that Rognvald's grandfather was named Halfdan.[7]
These events are placed after an account of the devastation of Fortriu , dated to around 866,[8] and the fall of York, reliably dated to late 867. However, such an early date makes it difficult to reconcile the saga claims that Harald Fairhair was involved in Rognvald's conquest of the northern isles.
Harald Finehair's victory in the Battle of Hafrsfjord , which gave him dominion over parts of Norway, is traditionally dated to 872, but was probably later, perhaps as late as 900.[9] What little is known of Scottish events in the period from the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba would correspond equally well with Harald's attacks on Scotland in the reign of Domnall mac Causantín (ruled 889-900).[10] However, this would not correspond with the sequence in the earliest account of the origins of the Orkney earldom, which places this a generation earlier.
Ragnvald married Ragnhild Hrolfsdatter 3 29 30 about 867 in Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway, daughter of Hrolf Nefja and Unknown. Ragnhild was born about 857 in <(Norway)>. Other names for Ragnhild were Hilda Countess More, Hiltrude, and Raginhilde.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 46 M i. Rollo Duke of Normandy 31 32 33 34 was born between 00 0860 and 870 in <Maer, Nord-Trondelag, (Norway)>, died about 929 in <Rouen>, Normandy, Neustria (France), and was buried in Notre Dame, Rouen, Normandy, (France).
+ 47 M ii. Einar "Torf" Rögnvaldsson Earl of Orkney 3 35 was born about 852 in <Sunnmřre, (Mřre og Romsdal, Norway)> and died after 920 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland.
39. Malahule Eysteinsson 2 26 was born about 845 in Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway. Other names for Malahule were Haldrick Eysteinsson, Malahulc Eysteinsson, and Malahulde Eysteinsson.
Malahule married
+ 48 M i. Hugh de Cavalcamp 2 was born about 890 in <Near Dieppe>.
40. Svanhild Eysteinsdatter 7 was born about 850 in <Maer, Nord-Trondelag, (Norway)>.
Svanhild married Harald I "Fairhair" Halfdansson King of Norway.,7 son of Halfdan "the Black" Gudrodsson and Ragnhild Sigurdsdatter. Harald was born about 850 in <Hedemark, Norway>, died in 933 about age 83, and was buried in Hauko, Rogaland, Norway.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 49 M i. Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson Prince of Norway 7 was born about 900 in <Vestfold, Norway> and died in 927 about age 27.
41. Hjalmther Egdirsson 3 was born about 638 in <Norway>.
Hjalmther married
+ 50 M i. Eylimi Hjalmthersson 3 was born about 688 in <Norway>.
42. Budi Leinfnisson 7 was born about 680 in <Norway>.
Budi married
+ 51 F i. Brynhild Budlasdatter 7 was born about 736 in <Norway>.
43. Hildibrand Herbrandsson 7 was born about 650 in <Norway>.
Hildibrand married
+ 52 M i. Herbrand Hildibrandsson 7 was born about 700 in <Norway>.
44. Yngvi Alreksson King in Sweden .1 27
Research Notes: Legendary king of Sweden, of the House of Yngling, brother of Alf.
From Wikipedia - Yngvi and Alf :
Yngvi and Alf were two legendary Swedish kings of the House of Yngling .
According to Ynglingatal , Historia Norwegiae and Ynglinga saga , Yngvi and Alf were the sons of Alrik .
Snorri Sturluson relates that Yngvi was an accomplished king: a great warrior who always won his battles, the master of all exercises, generous, happy and sociable. He was both loved and famous.
Alf was unsociable and harsh and stayed at home instead of pillaging in other countries. His mother was Dageid, the daughter of king Dag the Great from whom is descended the Dagling family. Alf was married to Bera who was happy and alert and a very lovable woman.
One day in the autumn, Yngvi returned to Uppsala from a very successful Viking expedition which had rendered him famous. He used to spend time at the drinking table until late in the night, like Bera, and they found it pleasant to talk to each other. Alf, however, preferred to go to bed early and he started to tell her to go to bed early as well so that she did not wake him. Then Bera used to answer that Yngvi was much better for a woman than Alf, an answer that was getting on Alf's nerves.
One evening, the jealous Alf entered the hall and saw Yngvi and Bera converse on the high seat. Yngvi had a short sword in his lap and the other guests were too drunk to see that Alf had arrived. From under his cloak Alf drew a sword and pierced Yngvi. Yngvi, mortally wounded, got up, drew his own short sword and slew Alf. They were buried in two mounds on the Fyrisvellir (Fyris Wolds).
Alf was succeeded by his son Hugleik .
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation:
His [Agne's] son, Ingjald, was murdered in Sweden by his own brother because he had brought discredit on the latter's wife, whose name was Bera (Ursa in Latin). After him his son Jorund ruled, [...][6]
Ingjaldr is held to be an error for Yngvi.[7] Unlike Ynglingatal, Historia Norwegić gives Agne as Yngvi's predecessor. Instead Alrekr precedes Agne and Agne is succeeded by Yngvi. The even earlier source Íslendingabók cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and it gives the same line of succession as Historia Norwegić: xi Dagr. xii Alrekr. xiii Agni. xiiii Yngvi. xv Jörundr.[8]
Hervarar Saga and the Saga of Orvar-Odd
In the Hervarar saga and the saga of Orvar-Odd , Yngvi was the father of Ingeborg, the princess who was in love with the Swedish hero Hjalmar .
Ari Frodi's Younger Íslendingabók
According to Ari Frodi's line of Swedish kings Yngvi was the son of Agne , and not of Agne's son Alrik .
Gesta Danorum
In Gesta Danorum , Alf (Alverus) was the father of Yngve (Ing) and Ingjald (Ingild). Ingjald, in his turn was the father of Sigurd Ring and the grandfather of Ragnar Lodbrok .
Yngvi married
+ 53 M i. Jorund Yngvasson King in Uppsala .1 36
54 M ii. Erik .36 Another name for Erik is Eric.
15th Generation 46. Rollo Duke of Normandy 31 32 33 34 was born between 00 0860 and 870 in <Maer, Nord-Trondelag, (Norway)>, died about 929 in <Rouen>, Normandy, Neustria (France), and was buried in Notre Dame, Rouen, Normandy, (France). Other names for Rollo were Ganger Rolf "the Viking" 1st Count of Normandy, and Rollo Rognvaldsson Duke of Normandy.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 846, Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway
Death Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f00/a0020075.htm has d. 927 in Rouen, France. Ancestral Roots has d. 929.
FamilySearch has d. abt 931, Rouen, Normandie, Neustria.
Research Notes: Father may have been Ragnvald Eysteinsson.
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) has d. 927-932.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-18. "GANGER ROLF, "the Viking" (or ROLLO), 1st Count of Normandy, banished from Norway to the Hebrides abt 876, 890 participated in Viking attack on Bayeux, where Count Berenger of Bayeux was killed, and his dau. Poppa captured and taken 886, by Rollo (now called Count of Rouen) as his 'Danish' wife. Under Treaty of St. Claire, 911, rec'd the County of Normandy from CHARLES III, (148017) 'the Simple'; d. 929, bur. Notre Dame, Rouen."
-------------
From Wikipedia - Rollo :
Rollo (c. 860 - c. 932), baptised Robert, was the founder and first ruler of the Viking principality in what soon became known as Normandy .
The name Rollo is a Frankish -Latin name probably taken from the Old Norse name Hrólfr (cf. the latinization of Hrólfr into the similar Roluo in the Gesta Danorum , modern Scandinavian name Rolf ).
Historical evidence
Rollo was a Viking leader of contested origin. Dudo of St. Quentin , in his De moribus et actis primorum Normannorum ducum (Latin), tells of a powerful Danish nobleman at loggerheads with the king of Denmark , who had two sons, Gurim and Rollo; upon his death, Rollo was expelled and Gurim killed. William of Jumičges also mentions Rollo's prehistory in his Gesta Normannorum Ducum , but states that he was from the Danish town of Fakse . Wace , writing some 300 years after the event in his Roman de Rou , also mentions the two brothers (as Rou and Garin), as does the Orkneyinga Saga .
Norwegian and Icelandic historians identified this Rollo with a son of Rognvald Eysteinsson , Earl of Mřre , in Western Norway , based on medieval Norwegian and Icelandic sagas that mention a Ganger Hrolf (Hrolf, the Walker). The oldest source of this version is the Latin Historia Norvegiae , written in Norway at the end of the 12th century. This Hrolf fell foul of the Norwegian king Harald Fairhair , and became a Jarl in Normandy. The nickname of that character came from being so big that no horse could carry him.
The question of Rollo's Danish or Norwegian origins was a matter of heated dispute between Norwegian and Danish historians of the 19th and early 20th century, particularly in the run-up to Normandy's 1000-year-anniversary in 1911. Today, historians still disagree on this question, but most would now agree that a certain conclusion can never be reached.
Invasion of France
In 885, Rollo was one of the lesser leaders of the Viking fleet which besieged Paris under Sigfred second official king of the Danes. Legend has it that an emissary was sent by the king to find the chieftain and negotiate terms. When he asked for this information, the Vikings replied that they were all chieftains in their own right. In 886, when Sigfred retreated in return for tribute, Rollo stayed behind and was eventually bought off and sent to harry Burgundy .
Later, he returned to the Seine with his followers (known as Danes, or Norsemen). He invaded the area of northern France now known as Normandy .
In 911 Rollo's forces were defeated at the Battle of Chartres by the troops of King Charles the Simple .[1] In the aftermath of the battle, rather than pay Rollo to leave, as was customary, Charles the Simple understood that he could no longer hold back their onslaught, and decided to give Rollo the coastal lands they occupied under the condition that he defend against other raiding Vikings. In the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte (911) with King Charles, Rollo pledged feudal allegiance to the king, changed his name to the Frankish version, and converted to Christianity , probably with the baptismal name Robert.[2] In return, King Charles granted Rollo the lower Seine area (today's upper Normandy) and the titular rulership of Normandy, centred around the city of Rouen . There exists some argument among historians as to whether Rollo was a "duke " (dux) or whether his position was equivalent to that of a "count " under Charlemagne . According to legend, when required to kiss the foot of King Charles, as a condition of the treaty, he refused to perform so great a humiliation, and when Charles extended his foot to Rollo, Rollo ordered one of his warriors to do so in his place. His warrior then lifted Charles' foot up to his mouth causing him to fall to the ground.[3]
Settlement
Initially, Rollo stayed true to his word of defending the shores of the Seine river in accordance to the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte , but in time he and his followers had very different ideas. Rollo began to divide the land between the Epte and Risle rivers among his chieftains and settled there with a de facto capital in Rouen. With these settlements, Rollo began to further raid other Frankish lands, now from the security of a settled homeland, rather than a mobile fleet. Eventually, however, Rollo's men intermarried with the local women, and became more settled as Frenchmen. At the time of his death, Rollo's expansion of his territory had extended as far west as the Vire River .
Death
Sometime around 927, Rollo passed the fief in Normandy to his son, William Longsword . Rollo may have lived for a few years after that, but certainly died before 933. According to the historian Adhemar , 'As Rollo's death drew near, he went mad and had a hundred Christian prisoners beheaded in front of him in honour of the gods whom he had worshipped , and in the end distributed a hundred pounds of gold around the churches in honour of the true God in whose name he had accepted baptism.' Even though Rollo had converted to Christianity , some of his pagan roots surfaced at the end.
Legacy
Rollo is a direct ancestor of William the Conqueror . Through William, he is an ancestor of the present-day British royal family .
The "Clameur de Haro " in the Channel Islands is, supposedly, an appeal to Rollo.
Rollo married Poppa de Bayeux 33 37 in 886, daughter of Bérenger of Bayeux and Unknown. Poppa was born about 872 in <Bayeux>, Neustria (France).
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-18 (Ganger Rolf).
http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f00/a0020076.htm has m. 891.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 55 F i. Adele de Normandie 38 died after 969.
+ 56 M ii. William I "Longsword" Duke of Normandy 33 39 40 was born about 892 in <Rouen, (France)> and died on 17 Dec 942 in France about age 50.
47. Einar "Torf" Rögnvaldsson Earl of Orkney 3 35 was born about 852 in <Sunnmřre, (Mřre og Romsdal, Norway)> and died after 920 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland. Other names for Einar were Torf-Einarr, and Einarr Rögnvaldarson Earl of Orkney.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Torf-Einarr :
Einarr Rögnvaldarson, Torf-Einarr or Turf-Einar (fl. early 890s-920s) was one of the Norse Earls of Orkney . His rise to power is related in sagas which apparently draw on verses of Einarr's own composition for inspiration. After battling for control of the Northern Isles of Scotland , Einarr founded a dynasty which retained control of the islands for centuries after his death.
Rise to power
Einarr was the youngest son of Rögnvald Eysteinsson of Mřre , Norway , by a concubine. Rögnvald's family conquered the Orkney and Shetland islands in the late ninth century, and Rögnvald's brother, Sigurd Eysteinsson , was made Earl of Orkney. After his death on campaign, Sigurd was succeeded by his son, Guthorm, who died shortly afterward. Rögnvald sent one of his sons, Hallad, to govern the islands but Hallad was unable to maintain control, resigned his earldom and returned to Norway as a common landholder.[1]
According to the Norse Heimskringla and Orkneyinga sagas , Rögnvald had little regard for his youngest son Einarr because Einarr's mother was a slave. The sagas record that Rögnvald agreed to provide Einarr with a ship and crew in the hope that he would sail away and never return. Einarr sailed to the Scottish islands, where he defeated two Danish warlords, Ţórir Tréskegg (Thorir Treebeard) and Kálf Skurfa (Kalf the Scurvy), who had taken residence there, and established himself as earl.[2] It is unclear whether the account in the sagas of Einarr's conquest is accurate. Though the Historia Norvegić , written at the same time as the sagas but from a different source, confirms that Rögnvald's family conquered the islands, it gives few details. The scene in the sagas where Einarr's father scorns him is a literary device which often figures in Old Norse literature . Much of Einarr's story in the sagas appears to be derived from five skaldic verses attributed to Einarr himself.[1]
Relations with Norway
The five verses attributed to Einarr describe a feud between the families of Rögnvald and the King of Norway, Harald Finehair . The poems are elaborated in the sagas, which say that two of Harald Finehair's unruly sons, Halvdan Hĺlegg (Hálfdan Longlegs) and Gudrřd Ljome (Gudrod the Gleaming), killed Einarr's father Rögnvald by trapping him in his house and setting it alight. Gudrřd took possession of Rögnvald's lands while Hálfdan sailed westwards to Orkney and displaced Einarr. The sagas say that King Harald, apparently appalled by his sons' actions, overthrew Gudrřd and restored Rögnvald's lands to his son, Thorir Rögnvaldarson. From a base in Caithness , Einarr resisted Hálfdan's occupation of the islands. After a battle at sea, and a ruthless campaign on land, Einarr spied Hálfdan hiding on North Ronaldsay . The sagas claim that Hálfdan was captured, and sacrificed to Odin as a blood-eagle .[3] While the killing of Hálfdan by the Orkney islanders is recorded independently in the Historia Norvegić, the manner of his death is unspecified. The blood-eagle sacrifice may be a misunderstanding or an invention of the sagawriters as it does not feature directly in the earlier skaldic verses, which instead indicate that Hálfdan was killed by a volley of spears.[4] The verses do mention the eagle as a carrion bird, and this may have influenced the sagawriters to introduce the blood-eagle element.[5] The sagas relate that Harald sought vengeance for his son's ignoble death, and set out on campaign against Einarr, but was unable to dislodge him. Eventually, Harald agreed to end the fight in exchange for a fine of 60 gold marks levied on Einarr and the allodial owners of the islands. Einarr offered to pay the whole fine if the allodial landowners passed their lands to him, to which they agreed.[6] Einarr's assumption of control over the islands appears well-attested and was considered by later commentators to be the moment at which the Earls of Orkney came to own the entire island group in fee to the King of Norway.[1] Others have interpreted the payment of 60 gold marks as wergild or blood money .[7]
Legacy
Apart from the five verses recorded in the sagas, no other examples of Torf-Einarr's poetry are known to survive, though they appear to be part of a larger body of work.[8] A couplet that commemorates Einarr's defeat of the two pirate Vikings , Ţórir Tréskegg (Thorir Treebeard) and Kálf Skurfa (Kalf the Scurvy),
Hann gaf Tréskegg trollum,
Torf-Einarr drap Skurfu.
He gave Treebeard to the trolls,
Torf-Einarr slew Scurvy.
has a matching metre and alliterative similarites to the attributed verses.[8] Einarr must have had some fame as a poet, as his name is used in the Háttatal , an examination of Old Norse poetry written in the thirteenth-century, to refer to a specific type of metre, Torf-Einarsháttr.[8]
The remainder of Einarr's long reign was apparently unchallenged, and he died in his bed of a sickness, leaving three sons, Arnkel, Erlend and Thorfinn . The sagas describe Einarr as tall, ugly and blind in one eye, but sharp-sighted nonetheless.[9] Despite these apparent disabilities, as well as his low-born mother, Einarr established a dynasty which ruled the Orkneys until 1470.[1]
The sagas incorrectly claim that he was called "Turf-Einar" because he introduced the practice of burning turf or peat to the islands since wood was so scarce. The real reason for the nick-name is unknown.[1] While depletion of woodland could have caused a cultural shift from burning timber to peat, potentially the name arose because the sequestration of the common or allodial rights of the islanders by Einarr forced them away from coppicing towards cutting turves.[10]
Einar married
+ 57 M i. Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer" Einarsson 3 was born about 890 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died after 977, and was buried in Burial Mound, Hoxa, Ronaldsay, Scotland.
48. Hugh de Cavalcamp 2 was born about 890 in <Near Dieppe>.
Hugh married
+ 58 M i. Ralph I de Toeni 2 was born about 955 in <Tosni>, (Eure, ) France.
49. Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson Prince of Norway 7 was born about 900 in <Vestfold, Norway> and died in 927 about age 27.
Bjorn married
+ 59 M i. Gudrod Bjornsson 7 was born about 932 in <Norway> and died in 963 about age 31.
50. Eylimi Hjalmthersson 3 was born about 688 in <Norway>. Another name for Eylimi was Elina Hjalmthersson.
Eylimi married
+ 60 F i. Hjordis Eylimadatter 3 was born about 710 in <Norway>.
51. Brynhild Budlasdatter 7 was born about 736 in <Norway>.
Brynhild married Sigurd "Fafnisbana" Sigmundsson.,3 son of Sigmund Volsungsson and Hjordis Eylimadatter. Sigurd was born about 735 in <Norway>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 61 F i. Aslaug Sigurdsdatter 3 was born about 765 in <Denmark>.
52. Herbrand Hildibrandsson 7 was born about 700 in <Norway>.
Herbrand married
+ 62 M i. Harald "Red Beard" Herbrandsson 7 was born about 750 in <Vestagder, (Norway)>.
53. Jorund Yngvasson King in Uppsala .1 36 Another name for Jorund is Jörundr King of Sweden.
Research Notes: King of Sweden, of the House of Yngling, in the 5th century.
From Wikipedia - Jorund :
Jorund or Jörundr (5th century) was a Swedish king of the House of Yngling . He was the son of Yngvi , and he had reclaimed the throne of Sweden for his dynasty from Haki (the brother of Hagbard , the hero of the legend of Hagbard and Signy , and Snorri cites two kennings from this legend Sigar's steed and Hagard's fell noose, when telling of Jorund).
Snorri Sturluson relates that when Jorund was young he used to travel the seas and plunder with his brother Erik, and they were great warriors. One summer they plundered in Denmark where they met another pillager, King Gudlög of Hĺlogaland (a province in Norway) with whom they fought. They took him prisoner and carried him ashore at Stromones where they hanged him. Gudlaug's surviving companions raised a mound over him there.
This act rendered the Swedish princes, Eric and Jorund, even more famous and they were thought of as even greater men. When they learnt that King Haki no longer had his forces around him, they decided to take care of their enemy. They assembled a large force that was joined by Swedes as they approached. They entered Mälaren (a bay at the time) and steered towards Uppsala . They left their ships at the Fyris Wolds and were met by Haki who had less men. Haki was a brutal fighter and managed to turn the tide of the battle. He slew Erik who held the banner and Jorund retreated with his men. Luckily, Haki had been seriously wounded and died.
Jorund then ruled Sweden at Uppsala , but he usually spent the summers pillaging. One summer, he plundered in Jutland and entered Limfjorden , where he continued the pillaging. They anchored in Oddesund (before a storm in 1825, it was near the innermost part of the fjord and almost 200 km from its mouth) but were discovered by the Norwegian pirate Gylaug of Hĺlogaland , the son of Gudlaug. Gylaug and his men attacked them and were joined by local forces who wanted revenge. As Jorund was vastly outnumbered (and had to run an almost 200 km long gauntlet to get out of the fjord), he lost the battle, and Gylaug had him hanged.
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation, continuing after Yngvi (called Ingialdr):
After him his son Jorund ruled, who ended his days unhappily once he had fought a war against the Danes, who hanged him at Oddesund, on an arm of the sea in Denmark which the natives call Limfjorden. He became the father of Aukun, [...][7]
The even earlier source Íslendingabók also cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and it gives the same line of succession: xiiii Yngvi. xv Jörundr. xvi Aun inn gamli[8].
The Skjöldunga saga and the Bjarkarímur tell that Jorund was defeated by the Danish king Fróđi (corresponds to the Heađobard Froda in Beowulf ), who made him a tributary and took his daughter. The daughter gave birth to Halfdan , but another woman became Fróđi's legitimate wife and gave him an heir named Ingjaldr (corresponds to the Heađobard Ingeld in Beowulf). Together with one of his earls , Swerting , Jorund conspired against Fróđi and killed him during the blót .
Jorund married
+ 63 M i. Aun "the Old" Jorundsson King in Uppsala .1 41
16th Generation 55. Adele de Normandie 38 died after 969. Other names for Adele were Adele Gerloc de Normandie, and Gerloc de Normandie.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 144A-19 (William I of Poitou)
Adele married William I Count of Poitou 42 in 935, son of Ebles Mancer Count of Poitou and Aremburge. William was born in 900 in <Poitiers, France> and died on 3 Apr 963 in <Saint-Cyrien de Poitiers, France> at age 63. Other names for William were Guillaume III Count of Poitou, and William III of Aquitaine.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 144A-19
The child from this marriage was:
+ 64 F i. Adelaide de Poitou 43 was born about 945 and died on 15 Jun 1006 about age 61.
56. William I "Longsword" Duke of Normandy 33 39 40 was born about 892 in <Rouen, (France)> and died on 17 Dec 942 in France about age 50. Other names for William were Guillaume I "Longue Épée" Duke of Normandy, and William I "Longsword."
Birth Notes: May have been born in Bayeux.
Death Notes: Killed in treacherous ambush by servants of Theobald of Blois and Arnulf of Flanders
Research Notes: When the Bretons rebelled about 930, he subdued them, taking Brittany, the Channel Islands, the Contentin, and the Averanchin.
From Wikipedia - William I, Duke of Normandy :
William I Longsword (French : Guillaume Longue-Épée, Latin : Willermus Longa Spata, Scandinavian : Vilhjálmr Langaspjót; 893 - 17 December 942) was the second Duke of Normandy from his father's death until his own assassination. The title dux (duke) was not in use at the time and has been applied to early Norman rulers retroactively; William actually used the title comes (count).
Little is known about his early years. He was born in Bayeux or Rouen to Rollo and his wife Poppa. All that is known of Poppa is that she was a Christian, and the daughter to Berengar of Rennes , the previous lord of Brittania Nova , which eventually became western Normandy. According to the William's planctus , he was baptised a Christian.
William succeeded Rollo sometime around 927. It appears that he faced a rebellion early in his reign, from Normans who felt he had become too Gallicised . Subsequent years are obscure. In 939 William became involved in a war with Arnulf I of Flanders , which soon became intertwined with the other conflicts troubling the reign of Louis IV . He was killed by followers of Arnulf while at a meeting to settle their conflict. His son Richard the Fearless , child of his first wife, Sprota, succeeded him. William also left a widow, Ličgard (Liutgard), who died in 985.
Noted events in his life were:
• Succeeded: to County of Normandy, Abt 927.
• Bretons rebelled: Abt 930.
William married Sprote de Bretagne.,33 44 daughter of Hubert Count of Senlis and Unknown. Sprote was born about 911 in Bretagne, (France). Another name for Sprote was Sprota.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 65 M i. Richard I Duke of Normandy 33 45 46 47 was born on 28 Aug 933 in <Fécamp>, Normandy, (France), died on 20 Nov 996 in Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, France at age 63, and was buried in Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, France.
William next married Luitgarde of Vermandois, daughter of Herbert II Count of Vermandois, Soissons and Troyes and Liegarde of France. Luitgarde was born about 920 and died after 978.
57. Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer" Einarsson 3 was born about 890 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died after 977, and was buried in Burial Mound, Hoxa, Ronaldsay, Scotland. Another name for Thorfinn was Brico Einarsson.
Thorfinn married Grelod Duncansdatter 3 in 914 in Orkney Islands, Scotland, daughter of Duncan Earl of Caithness and Groa Thorsteinsdatter. Grelod was born about 898 in <Caithness, Scotland>. Other names for Grelod were Gerlaf Duncansdatter, and Grelauga Duncansdatter.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 66 M i. Hlodver Thorfinnsson Earl of Orkney 3 was born about 924 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died between 00 0980 and 988 in Hofn, Caithness, Scotland.
58. Ralph I de Toeni 2 was born about 955 in <Tosni>, (Eure, ) France.
Ralph married
+ 67 M i. Ralph II de Toeni Seigneur de Tosni 2 was born before 970 in <Tosni>, France and died after 1015.
59. Gudrod Bjornsson 7 was born about 932 in <Norway> and died in 963 about age 31.
Gudrod married Cecilie.7 Cecilie was born about 936 in <Norway>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 68 M i. Harald "Graenske" Gudrodsson 7 was born about 960 in <Vestfold, Norway> and died about 995 about age 35.
60. Hjordis Eylimadatter 3 was born about 710 in <Norway>.
Hjordis married Sigmund Volsungsson 3 about 734 in Norway, son of Volsung Rersson and Ljod Hrimnirsdatter. Sigmund was born about 705 in <Norway>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 69 M i. Sigurd "Fafnisbana" Sigmundsson 3 was born about 735 in <Norway>.
61. Aslaug Sigurdsdatter 3 was born about 765 in <Denmark>.
Aslaug married Ragnar "Lodbrok" Sigurdsson 3 about 783 in Denmark, son of Sigurd "Ring" Randversson King in Sweden and Alfhild Gandolfsdatter. Ragnar was born about 765 in <Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden> and died about 845 in <England> about age 80.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 70 M i. Sigurd "Snake-Eye" Ragnarsson 3 was born about 786 in <Denmark>.
+ 71 M ii. Bjorn "Ironside" Ragnarsson 48 was born about 777 in <Denmark>.
Aslaug next married Helgi "the Bold" Fridleifsson 7 about 815 in Norway, son of Fridleif Frodasson and Unknown. Helgi was born about 796 in <Ringerike, Akershus, (Norway)>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 72 M i. Sigurd "Hjort" Helgasson 7 was born about 816 in <Ringerike, Akershus, (Norway)>.
62. Harald "Red Beard" Herbrandsson 7 was born about 750 in <Vestagder, (Norway)>.
Harald married
+ 73 F i. Asa Haraldsdatter 7 was born about 794 in <Holtum, Vestfold, (Norway)>.
63. Aun "the Old" Jorundsson King in Uppsala .1 41 Other names for Aun are Auchun King of Sweden, and Audhun King of Sweden.
Research Notes: Legendary king of Sweden, of the house of Yngling.
From Wikipedia - Aun :
Ane, On, One, Auchun or Aun the Old (Audhun, the same name as the A-S name Edwin) was the son of Jorund and one of the Swedish kings of the House of Yngling , the ancestors of Norway 's first king, Harald Fairhair .
Aun was a wise king who sacrificed greatly to the gods, but he was not a warlike king and preferred to live in peace. Consequently, he was attacked by the Danish prince Halfdan (the son of Fróđi , the son of Dan the Arrogant , the founder of Denmark). Aun lost the battles and fled to the Geats in Västergötland , where he stayed for 25 years until Halfdan died in his bed in Uppsala and was buried in a mound .
King Aun could return to Uppsala, but he was 60 years old. In order to live longer he sacrificed his own son to Odin who promised him that he could live for another 60 years. However, after 25 years, Aun was attacked by Halfdan 's cousin Ale the Strong . Aun lost several battles and had to flee a second time to Västergötland . Ale the Strong ruled in Uppsala for 25 years until he was killed by Starkad the old.
After Ale the Strong's death, Aun could return to Uppsala. Once again, Aun sacrificed a son to Odin, but this time Odin said that he would live as long as he sacrificed a son every ten years and that he had to name one of the Swedish provinces after the number of sons he sacrificed.
When Aun had sacrificed a son for the seventh time, he was so old that he could not walk but had to be carried on a chair. When he had sacrificed a son for the eighth time, he could no longer get out of his bed. When he had sacrificed his ninth son, he was so old that he had to feed by suckling a horn like a little child.
After ten years he wanted to sacrifice his tenth and last son and name the province of Uppsala the ten lands. However, the Swedes refused to allow him this sacrifice and so he died. He was buried in a mound at Uppsala and succeeded by his last son Egil . From that day, dying in bed of old age was called Aun's sickness among the Scandinavians .
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation (continuing after Jorund ):
He became the father of Aukun, who, in the feebleness of a protracted old age, during the nine years before his death is said to have abandoned the consumption of solid food and only sucked milk from a horn, like a babe-in-arms. Aukun's son was Egil Vendelkrĺke, [...][6]
The even earlier source Íslendingabók also cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and it also gives Aun as the successor of Jörundr and the predecessor of Egil Vendelcrow : xv Jörundr. xvi Aun inn gamli. xvii Egill Vendilkráka[7].
Aun married
+ 74 M i. Ongentheow King in Sweden 1 49 died about 515.
17th Generation 64. Adelaide de Poitou 43 was born about 945 and died on 15 Jun 1006 about age 61. Another name for Adelaide was Alix of Poitou.
Research Notes: Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 144A-20
Adelaide married Hugh Capet King of France 50 51 Summer 968, son of Hugh Magnus Count of Paris and Hedwig of Saxony. Hugh was born Winter 941 in France, died on 24 Oct 996 in Les Juifs, Chartres, France at age 55, and was buried in St. Denis Basilica, Paris, (Île-de-France), France. Another name for Hugh was Hugues Capet Duke of the Franks, King of France.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 144A-20
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Paris: 956-996.
• King of France: 987-996.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 75 M i. Robert II "the Pious" King of France 52 53 was born on 27 Mar 972 in Orléans, Orléanais, (Loiret), France and died on 20 Jul 1031 in Meulan, France at age 59.
+ 76 F ii. Hedwig of France 54 was born about 969 and died after 1013.
65. Richard I Duke of Normandy 33 45 46 47 was born on 28 Aug 933 in <Fécamp>, Normandy, (France), died on 20 Nov 996 in Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, France at age 63, and was buried in Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, France. Other names for Richard were Richard I "Sans Peur" Duke of Normandy, and Richard I "the Fearless" Duke of Normandy.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. abt 933 in Fecamp, France.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Richard I, Duke of Normandy :
Richard I of Normandy (born 28 August 933 , in Fécamp Normandy , France died November 20 , 996 , in Fécamp) was the Duke of Normandy from 942 to 996; he is considered the first to actually have held that title. He was called Richard the Fearless (French, Sans Peur).
Birth
He was born to William I of Normandy , ruler of Normandy, and his wife, Sprota . He was still a boy when his father died in 942. His mother was a Breton concubine captured in war and bound to William by a Danish marriage. After William died, Sprota became the wife of Esperleng, a wealthy miller; Rodulf of Ivry was their son and Richard's half-brother.
Life
Richard was still a boy when his father died, and so he was powerless to stop Louis IV of France when he seized Normandy. Louis kept him in confinement in his youth at Lâon, but he escaped with the assistance of Osmond de Centville , Bernard de Senlis (who had been a companion of Rollo of Normandy ), Ivo de Bellčsme , and Bernard the Dane (ancestor of families of Harcourt and Beaumont ). In 968, Richard agreed to "commend" himself to Hugh, Count of Paris. He then allied himself with the Norman and Viking leaders, drove Louis out of Rouen, and took back Normandy by 947. He later quarrelled with Ethelred II of England regarding Viking invasions of England because Normandy had been buying up much of the stolen booty.
Richard was bilingual, having been well educated at Bayeux. He was more partial to his Danish subjects than to the French. During his reign, Normandy became completely Gallicized and Christianized. He introduced the feudal system and Normandy became one of the most thoroughly feudalized states on the continent. He carried out a major reorganization of the Norman military system, based on heavy cavalry. He also became guardian of the young Hugh, Count of Paris, on the elder Hugh's death in 956.
Marriages
He married 1st (960) Emma (not to be confused with Emma of France ), daughter of Hugh "The Great" of France , and Hedwiga de Sachsen . They were betrothed when both were very young. She died 19 Mar 968, with no issue.
According to Robert of Torigni , not long after Emma's death, Duke Richard went out hunting and stopped at the house of a local forester. He became enamoured of the forester's wife, Seinfreda, but she being a virtuous woman, suggested he court her unmarried sister, Gunnor , instead. Gunnor became his mistress, and her family rose to prominence. Her brother, Herefast de Crepon , may have been involved in a controversial heresy trial. Gunnor was, like Richard, of Norse descent, being a Dane by blood. Richard finally married her to legitimize their children:
Mistresses
Richard was known to have had several other mistresses and produced children with many of them. Known children are:
Death
He died in Fecamp , France on November 20 , 996 of natural causes.
Noted events in his life were:
• Named: his father's heir, 29 May 942.
Richard married Gunnora de Crepon.33 55 56 Gunnora was born about 936 in <Normandy, (France)> and died about 1031 in France about age 95. Another name for Gunnora was Gonnor de Crepon.
Children from this marriage were:
77 F i. Emma Princess of Normandy 57 58 died in 1052.
Emma married Ćthelred II "the Redeless" King of England 58 59 60 about 1002, son of Edgar "the Peaceful" King of England and Ćlfthryth. Ćthelred was born about 968 in <Wessex>, England, died on 23 Apr 1016 in <London, Middlesex>, England about age 48, and was buried in St. Paul's, London, Middlesex, England. Another name for Ćthelred was Ethelred II "the Unready" King of England.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of England: 979.
Emma next married Canute King of Denmark and England in 1017.
+ 78 M ii. Richard II Duke of Normandy 61 62 63 was born abt 0985 in Normandy, (France), died on 28 Aug 1027 in Fécamp, Normandy, France, and was buried in Fécamp, Normandy, France.
+ 79 M iii. Geoffrey Count of Eu & Count of Brionne 33 64 was born about 953 in <Brionne>, Normandy, (France) and died about 1015 about age 62.
+ 80 M iv. Robert II d'Évreux Count of Évreux 65 was born about 965 in Normandie, France and died in 1037 about age 72.
Richard next married
+ 81 F i. <Papia> .
Richard had a relationship with < > [Concubine of Richard I].46 This couple did not marry.
Richard next married Emma of Paris in 960, daughter of Hugh Capet King of France and Unknown. Emma died about 968.
Marriage Notes: Betrothed about 945 and married 960
66. Hlodver Thorfinnsson Earl of Orkney 3 was born about 924 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died between 00 0980 and 988 in Hofn, Caithness, Scotland. Another name for Hlodver was Lodver Thorfinnsson Earl of Orkney.
Hlodver married Audna Kjarvalsdatter 7 about 959 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland. Audna was born about 928 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>. Other names for Audna were Edna Kjarvalsdatter, and Ethne Kjarvalsdatter.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 82 F i. Hvarflad Hlodversdatter 3 was born about 962 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
+ 83 M ii. Sigurd II "Digri" Hlodversson 7 was born about 960 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died on 23 Apr 1014 in Battle of Clontarf, Dublin, Ireland about age 54, and was buried in Burial Mound, Hofry, Caithness, Scotland.
67. Ralph II de Toeni Seigneur de Tosni 2 was born before 970 in <Tosni>, France and died after 1015. Another name for Ralph was Rodulf II de Toeni.
Ralph married
+ 84 M i. Roger "the Spaniard" de Toeni 2 was born about 990 in <Tosni>, France, died about 1039 about age 49, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France.
68. Harald "Graenske" Gudrodsson 7 was born about 960 in <Vestfold, Norway> and died about 995 about age 35.
Harald married Asta Gudbrandsdatter.,7 daughter of Gudbrand "Kula" Olafsson and Ulfhild. Asta was born about 970 in <Vestfold, Norway>. Another name for Asta was Astrid Gudbrandsdatter.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 85 M i. Olaf II "the Saint" Haraldsson King of Norway 7 was born about 995 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>, died on 29 Jul 1030 in Stiklestad, Norway about age 35, and was buried on 3 Aug 1030 in St. Clemens-Kirke, Trondheim, Sor-Trondelag, Norway.
69. Sigurd "Fafnisbana" Sigmundsson 3 was born about 735 in <Norway>.
Sigurd married Brynhild Budlasdatter.,7 daughter of Budi Leinfnisson and Unknown. Brynhild was born about 736 in <Norway>.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 51)
70. Sigurd "Snake-Eye" Ragnarsson 3 was born about 786 in <Denmark>.
Sigurd married Heluna Princess in England 7 about 799 in Jutland, Denmark, daughter of Ella King in England and Unknown. Heluna was born about 784 in <England>. Another name for Heluna was Bleja Princess in England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 86 F i. Thora Sigurdsdatter 3 was born about 806 in <Jutland, Denmark>.
+ 87 M ii. Knud Sigurdsson 48 was born about 814 in <Hord, Jutland>, Denmark.
71. Bjorn "Ironside" Ragnarsson 48 was born about 777 in <Denmark>.
Bjorn married
+ 88 M i. Refill Bjornsson 48 was born about 796 in Sweden.
72. Sigurd "Hjort" Helgasson 7 was born about 816 in <Ringerike, Akershus, (Norway)>.
Sigurd married Ingibjorg "Thyrne" Haraldsdatter 7 about 829 in Ringerike, Akershus, (Norway). Ingibjorg was born about 814 in <Ringerike, Akershus, (Norway)>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 89 F i. Ragnhild Sigurdsdatter 7 was born about 830 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
73. Asa Haraldsdatter 7 was born about 794 in <Holtum, Vestfold, (Norway)>.
Asa married Gudrřd "the Hunter" Halfdansson King of Vestfold 66 67 about 821 in Vestfold, (Norway), son of Halfdan "the Mild" Eysteinsson King of Vestfold and Romerike and Liv Dagsdotter of Vestmar. Gudrřd was born about 738 in <Holtum, Vestfold, (Norway)>. Other names for Gudrřd were Gudrřd Halfdansson, and Gudrřd "Jaktkonge" Halfdansson King of Vestfold.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 90 M i. Halfdan "the Black" Gudrodsson 7 was born about 823 in <Vestfold, (Norway)> and died in 863 in Norway about age 40.
74. Ongentheow King in Sweden 1 49 died about 515. Other names for Ongentheow were Egil Aunsson King in Sweden, Egill King of Sweden, and Eigil King of Sweden.
Research Notes: Semi-legendary king of Sweden, in the house of the Scylfings.
From Wikipedia - Ongentheow :
Ongentheow, (Anglo-Saxon Ongenţeow, Ongenţio, Ongendţeow; Swedish Angantyr) (- ca 515) was the name of a semi-legendary Swedish king of the house of Scylfings , who appears in Anglo-Saxon sources. He is generally identified with the Swedish king Egil (also Swedish Egill, Eigil) who appears in Ynglingatal , Historia Norwegiae and in Ynglinga saga .[1][2][3][4]
The names are different and have little etymological connection. Ongenţeow would in Proto-Norse have been *Anganaţewaz, whereas Egil would have been *Agilaz. The reason why they are thought to have been the same is that they have the same position in the line of Swedish kings and are described as the fathers of Ohthere and grandfathers of Eadgils . As will be shown below, it can be argued that they are based on the same person and the same events, but not every scholar is open to the historicity of the characters in Beowulf , and in the Norse sagas .
Anglosaxon sources
In the Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf Ongentheow is described as a fearsome warrior and it took two warriors Eofor and Wulf Wonreding to take him down.
The epic tells that the Geats under their new king Hćţcyn captured the Swedish queen, but old king Ongenţeow saved her, at a hill fort called Hrefnesholt , although they lost her gold.[5] Ongentheow killed Hćţcyn,[6] and besieged the Geats at Hrefnesholt.[7] The Geats were, however, rescued by Hygelac , Hćţcyn's brother,[8] who arrived the next day with reinforcements.[9] Having lost the battle, but rescued his queen, Ongenţeow and his warriors returned home.[10]
However, the war was not over. Hygelac, the new king of the Geats, attacked the Swedes.[11] The Geatish warriors Eofor and Wulf fought together against the hoary king Ongenţeow.[12] Wulf hit Ongentheow's head with his sword so that the old king bled over his hair, but the king hit back and wounded Wulf.[13] Then, Eofor retaliated by cutting through the Swedish king's shield and through his helmet,[14] giving Ongentheow a death-blow.[15] Eofor took the Swedish king's helmet, sword and breastplate and carried them to Hygelac.[16] When they came home, Eofor and Wulf were richly awarded,[17] and Eofor was given Hygelac's daughter.[18] Because of this battle, Hygelac is referred to as Ongentheow's slayer.[19]
Egil
In Ari Ţorgilsson 's Íslendingabók and in Historia Norwegiae , he was called Egil Vendelcrow (Vendilcraca/Vendilkráka, a name traditionally given to those living at the royal estate of Vendel in Sweden). Snorri Sturluson , however, gave the name Vendelcrow to Egil's son Ottar (Ohthere ). In these sources, Egil was the son of Aun the Old , and like him, not very warlike. After he had made the thrall Tunni (or Tonne) responsible for the treasury , Tunni rebelled against Egil. They fought eight battles after which Egil fled to Denmark, according to the Ynglinga saga (Ynglingatal does not mention where he fled and Historia Norwegiae does not mention any escape at all). Snorri wrote that Fróđi , the Danish king, aided Egil in defeating Tunni, and made Egil a tributary to the Danish king.
Egil was killed by a bull during the sacrifices at Gamla Uppsala .
The Historia Norwegić presents a Latin summary of Ynglingatal, older than Snorri's quotation:
Aukun's son was Egil Vendelkrĺke, whose own bondman, Tunne, drove him from his kingdom; and though a mere servant he joined in eight civil combats with his master and won supremacy in all of them, but in a ninth he was finally defeated and killed. Shortly afterwards however the monarch was gored and slaughtered by a ferocious bull. The successor to the throne was his son Ottar, [...][25] The even earlier source Íslendingabók also cites the line of descent in Ynglingatal and it also gives Egil as the successor of Aunn and the predecessor of Óttarr : xvi Aun inn gamli. xvii Egill Vendilkráka. xviii Óttarr.[26]
Comments
The two versions seem contradictory, but it has been shown that the two stories may very well describe the same event (Schück H. 1907, Nerman B. 1925), and that Ynglingatal was probably misinterpreted by Snorri due to a different dialectal meaning of the word farra.
If there is any authenticity behind the traditions, the origin of Ynglingatal was most probably a Swedish poem which has not survived (see also Sundquist 2004). In Old Swedish, farra did not mean "bull" but it meant "boar " (cf. English farrow meaning "young pig"). Moreover, in Old Norse Trjóna normally meant a pig's snout (modern Scandinavian tryne). Flćmingr meant "sword" (originally a Flemish sword imported by Vikings).
Moreover, the sword of the snout can hardly refer to the horns of a bull, but it is more natural to interpret it as the tusks of a boar. In English, the lines can be translated as but the giant beast coloured its tusk red on Egil.
In Anglo-Saxon , the name eofor meant "boar" and consequently Ynglingatal could very well relate of Eofor (the boar) killing Egil with kennings for boars. These kennings, sung originally by Swedes, were later misinterpreted by Norwegians and Icelanders as literal expressions due to the different dialectal meanings of farra.
Moreover, according to Schück, the name Tunni which has no meaning in Old Norse should in Proto-Norse have been *Tunţa and derived from *Tunţuz. Consequently, it would have been the same word as the Gothic Tunţus which meant "tooth". This would mean that the name of Egil's enemy, actually meant "tooth" and Tunni and the bull/boar would consequently have been the same enemy, i.e. Eofor.
Some scholars have suggested that the name Ongentheow is connected to the Danish king Ongendus, (fl. c. 700) who appears in one sentence of Alcuin 's life of Willibrord .[27][28]
Ongentheow married
+ 91 M i. Ohthere King in Sweden 1 68 was born about 515 and died about 530 about age 15.
18th Generation 
75. Robert II "the Pious" King of France 52 53 was born on 27 Mar 972 in Orléans, Orléanais, (Loiret), France and died on 20 Jul 1031 in Meulan, France at age 59. Other names for Robert were Robert Sanctus King of France, Robert Capet Sanctus, and King of France.
Death Notes: Melun, France?
Research Notes: Count of Paris, King of France
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), Line 141-21 "ROBERT II, King of France, b. 27 Mar. 872, d. 20 July 1031;"
Wikipedia has b. 27 Mar. 972
Also Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) has b. 27 Mar 972
From Wikipedia - Robert II of France:
Robert II (27 March 972 - 20 July 1031 ), called the Pious or the Wise, was King of France from 996 until his death. The second reigning member of the House of Capet , he was born in Orléans to Hugh Capet and Adelaide of Aquitaine .
Co-rule with father
Immediately after his own coronation, Robert's father Hugh began to push for the coronation of Robert. "The essential means by which the early Capetians were seen to have kept the throne in their family was through the association of the eldest surviving son in the royalty during the father's lifetime," Andrew W. Lewis has observed, in tracing the phenomenon in this line of kings who lacked dynastic legitimacy.[1] Hugh's claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona , an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated a co-king, should he die while on expedition.[2] Ralph Glaber , however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility.[3] Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the claims of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain.[4] Robert was eventually crowned on 30 December 987. A measure of Hugh's success is that when Hugh died in 996, Robert continued to reign without any succession dispute, but during his long reign actual royal power dissipated into the hands of the great territorial magnates.
Robert had begun to take on active royal duties with his father in the early 990s. In 991, he helped his father prevent the French bishops from trekking to Mousson in the Kingdom of Germany for a synod called by Pope John XV , with whom Hugh was then in disagreement.
Marital problems
As early as 989, having been rebuffed in his search for a Byzantine princess,[5]Hugh Capet arranged for Robert to marry the recently-widowed daughter of Berengar II of Italy , Rozala , who took the name of Susannah upon becoming Queen.[6] She was many years his senior. She was the widow of Arnulf II of Flanders , with whom she had children, the oldest of whom was of age to assume the offices of count of Flanders. Robert divorced her within a year of his father's death. He tried instead to marry Bertha , daughter of Conrad of Burgundy , around the time of his father's death. She was a widow of Odo I of Blois , but was also Robert's cousin. For reasons of consanguinity , Pope Gregory V refused to sanction the marriage, and Robert was excommunicated. After long negotiations with Gregory's successor, Sylvester II , the marriage was annulled.
Finally, in 1001, Robert entered into his final and longest-lasting marriage: to Constance of Arles , the daughter of William I of Provence . She was an ambitious and scheming woman, who made life miserable for her husband by encouraging her sons to revolt against their father.
Piety
Robert, however, despite his marital problems, was a very devout Catholic, hence his sobriquet "the Pious." He was musically inclined, being a composer, chorister, and poet, and making his palace a place of religious seclusion, where he conducted the matins and vespers in his royal robes. However, to contemporaries, Robert's "piety", resulted from his lack of toleration for heretics: he harshly punished them.
Children
Robert had no children from his short-lived marriage to Susanna. His illegal marriage to Bertha gave him one stillborn son in 999, but only Constance gave him surviving children:[7]
Robert also left an illegitimate son: Rudolph, Bishop of Bourges
Sources
Noted events in his life were:
• King of France: 1 Jan 996-1031.
Robert married Rosela of Ivrea 69 before Apr 988. Another name for Rosela is Susanna of Ivrea.
Noted events in her life were:
• Repudiated: 922.
Robert next married Bertha of Burgundy 70 in 995, daughter of Conrad I King of Burgundy, King of West Franks and Mathilda of France. Bertha was born about 964 and died after 1010.
Noted events in her life were:
• Repudiated: 998.
Robert next married Constance of Provence 71 72 in 998, daughter of William II Count of Arles and Provence and Adelaide "la Blanche" of Anjou. Constance was born about 986, died on 25 Jul 1032 in Melun, France about age 46, and was buried in St. Denis Basilica, Paris, (Île-de-France), France. Other names for Constance were Constance of Arles, and Gisant of Arles.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 92 F i. Adele Capet Princess of France 73 was born about 1009 and died about 8 Jan 1079 in Messines monastre, France about age 70.
+ 93 F ii. Constance Capet 74 75 was born about 1014 in France.
94 M iii. Hugh Magnus of France was born in 1007 and died on 17 Sep 1025 at age 18.
+ 95 M iv. Henry I of France 76 77 was born on 4 May 1008 in Reims, Marne, Champagne, France, died on 4 Aug 1060 in Vitry-en-Brie at age 52, and was buried in St. Denis Basilica, Paris, [Île-de-France, ] France.
+ 96 M v. Robert "the Old" Duke of Burgundy 78 79 was born about 1011 and died on 21 Mar 1076 about age 65.
97 M vi. Odo was born in 1013 and died about 1056 about age 43.
76. Hedwig of France 54 was born about 969 and died after 1013.
Hedwig married Régnier IV Count of Hainaut 80 in 996, son of Régnier III Count of Hainaut and Unknown. Régnier was born about 950 and died in 1013 about age 63.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Hainaut: 1013.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 98 M i. Régnier V Count of Hainaut 81 died after 1039.
78. Richard II Duke of Normandy 61 62 63 was born abt 0985 in Normandy, (France), died on 28 Aug 1027 in Fécamp, Normandy, France, and was buried in Fécamp, Normandy, France. Another name for Richard was Richard II "the Good" Duke of Normandy.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt. 963
Research Notes: Duke of Normandy 20 Nov. 996-1026.
From Wikipedia - Richard II, Duke of Normandy :
Richard II (born 23 August 963, in Normandy , France - 28 August 1027, in Normandy), called the Good, was the son and heir of Richard I the Fearless and Gunnora . He succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy in 996. Richard held his own against a peasant insurrection, and helped Robert II of France against the duchy of Burgundy . He also repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by Ethelred II of England. He pursued a reform of the Norman monasteries.
Richard attempted to improve relations with England through his sister's marriage to King Ethelred, but she was strongly disliked by the English. However, this connection later gave his grandson, William the Conqueror , part of his claim to the throne of England.
He married firstly (996) Judith (982-1017), daughter of Conan I of Brittany , by whom he had the following issue:
Secondly he married Poppa of Envermeu, by whom he had the following issue:
Traditionally, Richard had a third wife named Astrid (Estritha), daughter of Sweyn Forkbeard , King of England , Denmark , and Norway , and Sigrid the Haughty . This is extremely unlikely, however, given the political situation.
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Normandy: 20 Nov 996.
Richard married Judith of Brittany 61 82 83 about 996 in Normandy, France, daughter of Conan I Count of Rennes, Duke of Brittany and Ermengarde of Anjou. Judith was born about 982 in <Bretagne, (France)> and died on 16 Jun 1017 in Normandy, France about age 35. Another name for Judith was Judith de Bretagne.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 99 M i. Richard III Duke of Normandy 84 was born about 997 and died on 6 Aug 1028 about age 31.
+ 100 F ii. Adelais de Normandie 61 was born about 1007 in <Normandy, France> and died about 1037 in France about age 30.
+ 101 M iii. Robert I Duke of Normandy 85 86 87 was born about 1000 in Normandy, France and died on 22 Jul 1035 in Nicaea, Bythnia, (Turkey) about age 35.
Richard next married Astrid of Denmark in 1017, daughter of Swen I King of Denmark and Unknown. Another name for Astrid is Margaret of Denmark.
Richard next married Poppa about 1024.
79. Geoffrey Count of Eu & Count of Brionne 33 64 was born about 953 in <Brionne>, Normandy, (France) and died about 1015 about age 62. Another name for Geoffrey was Geoffroy Comte d'Eu et Brionne.
Geoffrey married
+ 102 M i. Gilbert "Crispin" de Brionne 33 88 was born about 979 in <Normandy>, France.
80. Robert II d'Évreux Count of Évreux 65 was born about 965 in Normandie, France and died in 1037 about age 72. Another name for Robert was Robert de Normandie.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert II (Archbishop of Rouen) :
Robert II was son of duke Richard I of Normandy and his second wife Gunnora . He was a younger brother of duke Richard II , and uncle of duke Robert II . He was archbishop of Rouen (989 to 1037), to which at that time his marriage was not an impediment, and also count of Évreux .
In the 990s, archishop Robert plotted to cause the overthrow of the Capetians from the throne they very recently had obtained.
The early years of duke Robert II's reign were turbulent: his elder brother Richard II had died suddenly after a year of ruling the duchy, and Robert II was naturally accused of fratricide. Archbishop Robert evidently believed it, and duke Robert II laid siege to him at Évreux, forcing him into exile: he laid all of Normandy under an interdict. For several years conditions worsened: with even Alan III of Brittany joining in the attack on the duke. But by 1031, "the situation had been largely retrieved, and the chief agent in effecting the recovery was the metropolitan archbishop of Rouen." Archbishop Robert was always closely involved in the government of the duchy. Without him, duke Robert II would never have been able to rule. His uncle's support was essential. Archbishop Robert was recalled from exile and the stabilization of Normandy began. A reconciliation took place: the interdict was lifted. The war with Brittany was ended by his mediation. From this time until his death in 1037 he was the dominant political influence in the duchy of Normandy.
Robert married Harleve of Rouen and had the following children by her:[1]
Richard, Count of Évreux (d. 1067).
Rudolph d'Évreux
daughter, married Gerard de Fleitel
William d'Évreux (may be fictitious)
Duke Robert II went on pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1035 and died in progress. According to duke Robert's will, archbishop Robert became the regent of the duchy and the main guardian of the little heir, Robert II's bastard son, William .
For a couple of years all was peaceful enough. But the death of archbishop Robert on 16 March 1037 ended the stability of the duchy. William the bastard's relatives sought to remove him, resulting in the long anarchy of his minority.
Noted events in his life were:
• Archbishop of Rouen: 989-1037.
Robert married Harleve of Rouen.65 89 Harleve was born about 968 in <Normandy>, France. Another name for Harleve was Harlive de Rouen.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 103 M i. Richard d'Évreux Count of Évreux 89 90 91 was born about 986 in Rouen, Normandy, France and died in 1067 in Normandie, France about age 81.
Research Notes: Illegitimate daughter of Richard I, d. 996, Duke of Normandy.
<Papia> married Richard Fitz Gilbert Seigneur of Hugleville & Auffay.,45 58 son of Gilbert de St. Valerie and Unknown. Richard was born about 1005 in <France>. Another name for Richard was Richard de Hugleville.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 104 F i. Ada Fitz Gilbert de Hugleville 45 58 was born about 1030 in <Saint-Valéry-en-Caux>, Haute-Normandie, France.
82. Hvarflad Hlodversdatter 3 was born about 962 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>. Other names for Hvarflad were Nereid Hlodversdatter, and Svalaug Hlodversdatter.
Hvarflad married Gille Earl of the Hebrides 3 about 990. Gille was born about 958 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 105 M i. Gille Adoman I Gilleson 3 was born about 976 in <Orkney, Scotland>.
83. Sigurd II "Digri" Hlodversson 7 was born about 960 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died on 23 Apr 1014 in Battle of Clontarf, Dublin, Ireland about age 54, and was buried in Burial Mound, Hofry, Caithness, Scotland.
Sigurd married Anleta "Thora Donada" MacKenneth 7 about 988 in Scotland, daughter of Malcolm II King of Scots and Unknown. Anleta was born about 968 in <Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 106 M i. Thorfinn II "the Black" Sigurdsson Earl of Orkney 7 was born about 989 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1064 in <Christ's Kirk, Birdsey, Scotland> about age 75.
Sigurd next married
+ 107 M i. Brusi Sigurdsson 92 was born about 987 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1031 in Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 44.
84. Roger "the Spaniard" de Toeni 2 was born about 990 in <Tosni>, France, died about 1039 about age 49, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France. Other names for Roger were Roger "the Spaniard" de Conches, and Roger de Toeni.
Roger married Godehilde Borrell.48 Godehilde was born about 995 in <Tosni>, (Eure, ) France and died after 1077. Another name for Godehilde was Godeheut Borrell.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 108 F i. Alice de Toeni 2 was born about 1035 in <Tosni>, France and was buried in Lire Abbey, Normandy, France.
+ 109 M ii. Ralph de Toeni de Conches 48 was born about 1029 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died on 24 Mar 1102 about age 73, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France.
85. Olaf II "the Saint" Haraldsson King of Norway 7 was born about 995 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>, died on 29 Jul 1030 in Stiklestad, Norway about age 35, and was buried on 3 Aug 1030 in St. Clemens-Kirke, Trondheim, Sor-Trondelag, Norway.
Olaf married Alfhild.7 Alfhild was born about 1002 in <Bergen, Bergen, Norway>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 110 M i. Magnus I "the Good" Olafsson King of Norway 7 was born about 1024 in <Norway> and died on 25 Oct 1047 about age 23.
86. Thora Sigurdsdatter 3 was born about 806 in <Jutland, Denmark>.
Thora married Helgi Olafsson 3 about 819 in <Ireland>, son of Olaf Geirstad-Alf Gudrřdsson King of Jutland and Vestfold and Unknown. Helgi was born about 802 in <Dublin, Dublin, Ireland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 111 M i. Ingjald "the White" Helgasson Petty King in Ireland 3 was born about 820 in <Dublin, Dublin, Ireland>.
87. Knud Sigurdsson 48 was born about 814 in <Hord, Jutland>, Denmark. Another name for Knud was Harde-Knud Sigurdsson.
Knud married
+ 112 M i. Geva Knudsson King of Denmark 48 was born about 840 in Denmark, died about 940 in Jellinge, Vejle, Denmark about age 100, and was buried in Gormshoj, Jellinge, Vejle, Denmark.
88. Refill Bjornsson 48 was born about 796 in Sweden.
Refill married
+ 113 M i. Erik Refillsson 48 was born about 814 in Sweden.
89. Ragnhild Sigurdsdatter 7 was born about 830 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
Ragnhild married Halfdan "the Black" Gudrodsson 7 about 849 in Norway, son of Gudrřd "the Hunter" Halfdansson King of Vestfold and Asa Haraldsdatter. Halfdan was born about 823 in <Vestfold, (Norway)> and died in 863 in Norway about age 40.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 114 M i. Harald I "Fairhair" Halfdansson King of Norway 7 was born about 850 in <Hedemark, Norway>, died in 933 about age 83, and was buried in Hauko, Rogaland, Norway.
90. Halfdan "the Black" Gudrodsson 7 was born about 823 in <Vestfold, (Norway)> and died in 863 in Norway about age 40.
Halfdan married Ragnhild Sigurdsdatter 7 about 849 in Norway, daughter of Sigurd "Hjort" Helgasson and Ingibjorg "Thyrne" Haraldsdatter. Ragnhild was born about 830 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 89)
91. Ohthere King in Sweden 1 68 was born about 515 and died about 530 about age 15. Other names for Ohthere were Ohtere King of Sweden, Ottar Vendelkrĺka (Vendelcrow) King of Sweden, and Óttarr "Vendilkráka" Egilsson King in Sweden.
Research Notes: Semi-legendary king of Sweden, in the house of Ynglings.
From Wikipedia - Ohthere :
Ohthere, Ohtere (the name is sometimes misspelt Ohţere), Óttarr, Óttarr vendilkráka or Ottar Vendelkrĺka (Vendelcrow) (ca 515 - ca 530[1]) was a semi-legendary king of Sweden belonging to the house of Scylfings .
His name has been reconstructed as Proto-Norse * or * meaning "feared warrior".[2]
Beowulf
In the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf the name of Ohthere only appears in constructions referring to his father Ongenţeow (fćder Ohtheres),[3] mother (Onelan modor and Ohtheres),[4] and his sons Eadgils (suna Ohteres,[5] sunu Ohteres[6]) and Eanmund (suna Ohteres).[7]
When Ohthere and his actions are concerned, he is referred to as Ongenţeow's offspring together with his brother Onela . The section deals with Ohthere and Onela pillaging the Geats at the death of their king Hređel , restarting the Swedish-Geatish wars :
Later, it is implied in the poem that Ohthere has died, because his brother Onela is king. Ohthere's sons Eadgils and Eanmund fled to the Geats and the wars began anew.
Scandinavian sources
Ynglingatal , Ynglinga saga , Íslendingabók and Historia Norvegiae all present Óttarr as the son of Egill (called Ongenţeow in Beowulf) and as the father of Ađísl/Ađils/athils/Adils (Eadgils ).
According to the latest source, Ynglinga saga , Óttarr refused to pay tribute to the Danish king Fróđi for the help that his father had received. Then Fróđi sent two men to collect the tribute, but Óttarr answered that the Swedes had never paid tribute to the Daner and would not begin with him. Fróđi then gathered a vast host and looted in Sweden, but the next summer he pillaged in the east. When Óttarr learnt that Fróđi was gone, he sailed to Denmark to plunder in return and went into the Limfjord where he pillaged in Vendsyssel . Fróđi's jarls Vott and Faste attacked Óttarr in the fjord. The battle was even and many men fell, but the Daner were reinforced by the people in the neighbourhood and so the Swedes lost (a version apparently borrowed from the death of Óttarr's predecessor Jorund ). The Daner put Óttarr's dead corpse on a mound to be devoured by wild beasts, and made a wooden crow that they sent to Sweden with the message that the wooden crow was all that Óttarr was worth. After this, Óttarr was called Vendelcrow.
It is only Snorri who uses the epithet Vendelcrow, whereas the older sources Historia Norvegiae and Íslendingabók use it for his father Egill . Moreover, it is only in Snorri's work that story of Óttarr's death in Vendsyssel appears, and it is probably his own invention.[1
Historia Norvegić only informs that Ohthere was killed by the Danish brothers Ottar [sic.] and Faste in a Danish province called Vendel.
Ohthere's barrow
Ohthere's barrow (Swedish: Ottarshögen) (60°08'N 17°34'E? / ?60.133°N 17.567°E? / 60.133; 17.567 ) is located in Vendel parish, Uppland , Sweden . The barrow is 5 metres high and 40 metres wide. In the 17th century the barrow was known locally as Ottarshögen.[14]
The barrow was excavated in the period 1914-1916.[14] It showed the remains of both a man and a woman, and the finds were worthy of a king.[15] The Swedish archaeologist Sune Lindqvist[16] reported that in its centre there was a wooden vessel with ashes. There were few finds but they were well-preserved. There were some decorative panels similar to those found in the other Vendel era graves nearby. A comb with a case was found, as well as a golden Roman coin, a solidus , dated to be no later than 477. It had been perforated and was probably used as decoration, but it showed signs of wear and tear and had probably been worn for a longer time. Lindquist stated that the identification of the barrow as that of Ohthere could not receive more archaeological confirmation than those provided by the excavation.
Ohthere married
+ 115 M i. Eadgils King in Uppsala 1 93 died about 580.
19th Generation 92. Adele Capet Princess of France 73 was born about 1009 and died about 8 Jan 1079 in Messines monastre, France about age 70. Other names for Adele were Adele of France, Countess of Contentin, Aelis of France, and Countess of Contentin.
Research Notes: Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Adele married Baldwin V de Lille, Count of Flanders 94 in 1028 in Paris, [Île-de-France, ] France, son of Baldwin IV "the Bearded" Count of Valenciennes & Count of Flanders and Ogive de Luxembourg. Baldwin was born in 1012 and died on 1 Sep 1067 in Lille, France at age 55.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 116 F i. Maud of Flanders 95 was born in 1032 in Flanders and died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Normandy, France at age 51.
+ 117 M ii. Robert I Count of Flanders 96 was born about 1035 and died on 3 Oct 1093 about age 58.
Adele next married Richard III Duke of Normandy 84 on 10 Jan 1027, son of Richard II Duke of Normandy and Judith of Brittany. Richard was born about 997 and died on 6 Aug 1028 about age 31.
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Normandy: 1026-1028.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 118 F i. Judith of Normandy 97 was born in 1028 and died on 4 Mar 1094 at age 66.
93. Constance Capet 74 75 was born about 1014 in France. Another name for Constance was Constance Princess of France.
Research Notes: Married Manasses de Dammartin per Wikipedia.
Source: Wikipedia - Robert II of France and Constance of Arles
Constance married Manasses Calva Asina de Rameru 74 about 1032 in Orléans, Orléanais, [Loiret, ] France, son of Hilduin II de Rameru and Unknown. Manasses was born about 1010 in <Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died on 15 Nov 1057 in Siege of Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, Lorraine, France about age 47. Another name for Manasses was Manasses de Dammartin Count of Dammartin.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 119 M i. Hugues de Dammartin Count of Dammartin 74 was born about 1042 in <Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died in 1103 about age 61.
95. Henry I of France 76 77 was born on 4 May 1008 in Reims, Marne, Champagne, France, died on 4 Aug 1060 in Vitry-en-Brie at age 52, and was buried in St. Denis Basilica, Paris, [Île-de-France, ] France.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois
From Wikipedia - Henry I of France :
Henry I (4 May 1008 - 4 August 1060 ) was King of France from 1031 to his death. The royal demesne of France reached its lowest point in terms of size during his reign and for this reason he is often seen as emblematic of the weakness of the early Capetians . This is not entirely agreed upon, however, as other historians regard him as a strong but realistic king, who was forced to conduct a policy mindful of the limitations of the French monarchy.
A member of the House of Capet , Henry was born in Reims , the son of King Robert II (972-1031) and Constance of Arles (986-1034). He was crowned King of France at the Cathedral in Reims on May 14 , 1027 , in the Capetian tradition, while his father still lived. He had little influence and power until he became sole ruler on his father's death.
The reign of Henry I, like those of his predecessors, was marked by territorial struggles. Initially, he joined his brother Robert , with the support of their mother, in a revolt against his father (1025 ). His mother, however, supported Robert as heir to the old king, on whose death Henry was left to deal with his rebel sibling. In 1032 , he placated his brother by giving him the duchy of Burgundy which his father had given him in 1016 .
In an early strategic move, Henry came to the rescue of his very young nephew-in-law, the newly appointed Duke William of Normandy (who would go on to become William the Conqueror ), to suppress a revolt by William's vassals. In 1047 , Henry secured the dukedom for William in their decisive victory over the vassals at the Battle of Val-čs-Dunes near Caen .
A few years later, when William, who was cousin to King Edward the Confessor of England (1042-66), married Matilda , the daughter of the count of Flanders , Henry feared William's potential power. In 1054 , and again in 1057 , Henry went to war to try to conquer Normandy from William, but on both occasions he was defeated. Despite his efforts, Henry I's twenty-nine-year reign saw feudal power in France reach its pinnacle.
Henry had three meetings with Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor -all at Ivois . In early 1043 , he met him to discuss the marriage of the emperor with Agnes of Poitou , the daughter of Henry's vassal. In October 1048 , the two Henries met again, but the subject of this meeting eludes us. The final meeting took place in May 1056 . It concerned disputes over Lorraine. The debate over the duchy became so heated that the king of France challenged his German counterpart to single combat. The emperor, however, was not so much a warrior and he fled in the night. But Henry did not get Lorraine.
King Henry I died on August 4 , 1060 in Vitry-en-Brie , France, and was interred in Saint Denis Basilica . He was succeeded by his son, Philip I of France , who was 7 at the time of his death; for six years Henry I's Queen, Anne of Kiev , ruled as regent.
He was also Duke of Burgundy from 1016 to 1032 , when he abdicated the duchy to his brother Robert Capet .
Marriages and family
Henry I was betrothed to Matilda, the daughter of the Emperor Conrad II (1024-39), but she died prematurely in 1034 . Henry I then married Matilda , daughter of Liudolf, Margrave of Frisia, but she died in 1044 , following a Caesarean section. Casting further afield in search of a third wife, Henry I married Anne of Kiev on May 19 , 1051 . They had four children:
Philip I (May 23, 1052 - July 30, 1108)
Emma (1054-?)
Robert (c. 1055-c. 1060)
Hugh the Great (1057-1102)
Sources
Noted events in his life were:
• King of France: 1031-1060.
• Count of Paris:
Henry married Anne of Kiev 98 99 on 19 May 1051 in Cathedral de Rheims, Rheims, France, daughter of Yaroslav I of Kiev and Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden. Anne was born between 1024 and 1032, died in 1075, and was buried in Villiers Abbey, La-Ferte-Alais, Essonne. Other names for Anne were Agnes of Kiev, Anna of Kiev, and Anna Yaroslavna.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 241-6 has m. 20 Jan 1044 or 1045. Wikipedia has 19 May 1051. Was 1044/45 the betrothal?
Children from this marriage were:
+ 120 M i. Hugh Magnus (II) of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France 100 101 was born in 1057 and died on 18 Oct 1102 in Tarsus, Cilicia, [Turkey] at age 45.
121 M ii. Philip I of France was born on 23 May 1052 and died on 30 Jul 1108 at age 56.
122 M iii. Robert was born about 1055 and died about 1060 about age 5.
123 F iv. Emma 76 was born in 1054.
96. Robert "the Old" Duke of Burgundy 78 79 was born about 1011 and died on 21 Mar 1076 about age 65. Other names for Robert were Robert I Duke of Burgundy, and Robert Capet Duke of Burgundy.
Research Notes: Duke of Burgundy from 1032 to his death in 1076.
From Wikipedia - Robert I, Duke of Burgundy :
Robert I Capet (1011 - March 21 , 1076 ) was duke of Burgundy between 1032 to his death. Robert was son of King Robert II of France and brother of Henry I .
In 1025 , with the death of his eldest brother Hugh Magnus, he and Henry rebelled against their father and defeated him, forcing him back to Paris . In 1031 , after the death of his father the king, Robert participated in a rebellion against his brother, in which he was supported by his mother, Queen Constance d'Arles . Peace was only achieved when Robert was given Burgundy (1032 ).
Throughout his reign, he was little more than a robber baron who had no control over his own vassals, whose estates he often plundered, especially those of the Church. He seized the income of the diocese of Autun and the wine of the canons of Dijon . He burgled the abbey of St-Germain at Auxerre . In 1055 , he repudiated his wife, Helie of Semur, and assassinated her brother Joceran and murdered her father, his father-in-law, Lord Dalmace I of Semur , with his own hands. In that same year, the bishop of Langres , Harduoin, refused to dedicate the church of Sennecy so as not "to be exposed to the violence of the duke."
His first son, Hugh, died in battle at a young age and his second son, Henry , also predeceased him. He was succeeded by Henry's eldest son, his grandson, Hugh I .
Family
He married his first wife, Helie of Semur , about 1033 , and repudiated her in 1055. Robert and Helie had five children:
Hugh (1034-1059), killed in battle
Henry (1035-ca.1074)
Robert (1040-1113), poisoned; married Violante of Sicily, daughter of Roger I of Sicily
Simon (1045-1087)
Constance (1046-1093), married Alfonso VI of Castile
Hildegard (c.1056-1104), married Duke William VIII of Aquitaine
Sources
Robert married Hélie 102 about 1033, daughter of Dalmas I Sire of Semur-en-Brionnais and Aremburge. Hélie was born in 1016 and died 22 April after 1055 at age 39. Another name for Hélie was Eleanor.
Noted events in her life were:
• Repudiated: 1046.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 124 M i. Henry of Burgundy 103 104 105 was born about 1035 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died about 1071 about age 36.
+ 125 F ii. Constance of Burgundy 106 107 was born in 1046 and died in 1092 at age 46.
Robert next married Ermengarde of Anjou 108 109 about 1048, daughter of Geoffrey I "Grisgonelle" Count of Anjou and Adelaide of Vermandois. Ermengarde was born about 952 in <Anjou, France> and died on 27 Jun 992 about age 40. Other names for Ermengarde were Ermangarde d'Anjou, and Ermengarde d'Anjou.
Robert next married Hildegarde of Metz.110
98. Régnier V Count of Hainaut 81 died after 1039.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Hainaut: 1013.
Régnier married Mathilde of Verdun 111 about 1015, daughter of Herman von Enham Count in Eifelgau, Count in Westphalia and Unknown. Mathilde died about 1039.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 126 F i. Beatrix of Hainaut 112 was born about 998 in <Hainaut, Belgium>.
99. Richard III Duke of Normandy 84 was born about 997 and died on 6 Aug 1028 about age 31.
Death Notes: Died in 1027 or 1028.
Research Notes: Eldest son. First husband of Adele of France.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132A-23
From Wikipedia - Richard III, Duke of Normandy :
Richard III (997 - 1027) was the eldest son of Richard II , who died in 1027. Before succeeding his father, perhaps about 1020, he had been sent by his father in command of a large army, to attack bishop/count Hugh of Chalon in order to rescue his brother-in-law, Reginald , later Count of Burgundy , who the count/bishop had captured and imprisoned. He was betrothed to Adela, countess of Corbie (1009-June 5, 1063), second daughter of Robert II of France and Constance of Arles , but they never married.
After his father's death, he ruled the Duchy of Normandy only briefly, dying mysteriously, perhaps by poison, soon after his father. The duchy passed to his younger brother Robert I . Adela later married Baldwin V, Count of Flanders .
By unknown women, he had two known children:
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Normandy: 1026-1028.
Richard had a relationship with < > [Unknown mistress].113 This couple did not marry.
+ 127 F i. Alice of Normandy 7 114 was born about 1021 in <Normandy, France>.
Richard married Adele Capet Princess of France 73 on 10 Jan 1027, daughter of Robert II "the Pious" King of France and Constance of Provence. Adele was born about 1009 and died about 8 Jan 1079 in Messines monastre, France about age 70. Other names for Adele were Adele of France, Countess of Contentin, Aelis of France, and Countess of Contentin.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 92)
100. Adelais de Normandie 61 was born about 1007 in <Normandy, France> and died about 1037 in France about age 30. Another name for Adelais was Judith of Normandy.
Adelais married Renaud I Count Palantine of Burgundy 61 before 1023 in France, son of Otto Guillaume Count of Burgundy and Ermentrude Countess of Rheims. Renaud was born about 986 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 4 Sep 1057 in France about age 71. Another name for Renaud was Renaud I de Bourgogne.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 128 M i. Guillaume I de Bourgogne 61 115 was born about 1040 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 12 Nov 1087 in France about age 47.
101. Robert I Duke of Normandy 85 86 87 was born about 1000 in Normandy, France and died on 22 Jul 1035 in Nicaea, Bythnia, (Turkey) about age 35. Another name for Robert was Robert (I, II, the Devil, Magnificent) de Normandie.
Research Notes: Father of William the Conqueror and Adelaide (Adela) of Normandy.
From Wikipedia - Robert I, Duke of Normandy :
Robert the Magnificent[1] (June 22 , 1000 - 3 July 1035 ), also called Robert the Devil and Robert I or II, was the Duke of Normandy from 1027 until his death. He was the son of Richard II of Normandy and Judith , daughter of Conan I of Rennes . He was the father of William the Conqueror .
Life
When his father died, his elder brother Richard succeeded, whilst he became Count of Hiémois . When Richard died a year later, there were great suspicions that Robert had Richard murdered, hence his other nickname, "Robert le diable" ("the devil"). He is sometimes identified with the legendary Robert the Devil .
Robert aided King Henry I of France against Henry's rebellious brother and mother, and for his help he was given the territory of the Vexin . He also intervened in the affairs of Flanders , supported Edward the Confessor , who was then in exile at Robert's court, and sponsored monastic reform in Normandy .
By his mistress, Herleva of Falaise, he was father of the future William I of England (1028-1087). He also had an illegitimate daughter, but the only chronicler to explicitly address the issue, Robert of Torigny , contradicts himself, once indicating that she had a distinct mother from William, elsewhere stating that they shared the same mother. This daughter, Adelaide of Normandy (1030-c. 1083), married three times: to Enguerrand II, Count of Ponthieu , Lambert II, Count of Lens , and Odo II of Champagne .
After making his illegitimate son William his heir, he set out on pilgrimage to Jerusalem . According to the Gesta Normannorum Ducum he travelled by way of Constantinople , reached Jerusalem, and died on the return journey at Nicaea on 2 July 1035 . Some sources attribute his death to poison and date it to 1 or 3 July. His son William, aged about eight, succeeded him.
According to the historian William of Malmesbury , around 1086 William sent a mission to Constantinople and Nicaea, charging it with bringing his father's body back to be buried in Normandy. Permission was granted, but, having travelled as far as Apulia (Italy) on the return journey, the envoys learned that William himself had meanwhile died. They then decided to re-inter Robert's body in Italy.
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Normandy: 1027-1035.
• Count of Hiémois: 1026.
Robert married Harlette de Falaise, daughter of Fulbert de Falaise and Doda de Falaise. Harlette was born about 1003 in Falaise, Calvados, Normandy, France and died about 1050 about age 47. Other names for Harlette were Arlotte de Falaise, Arletta de Falaise, Arlette de Falaise, Herleva de Falaise, and Herleve de Falaise.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 129 M i. William the Conqueror Duke of Normandy, King of England 116 was born about 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France and died on 9 Sep 1087 in Rouen, Normandy, France about age 59.
+ 130 F ii. Adelaide of Normandy, Countess of Aumale was born about 1030 and died between 1081 and 1090.
102. Gilbert "Crispin" de Brionne 33 88 was born about 979 in <Normandy>, France. Another name for Gilbert was Gilbert de Brionne.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1000, Normandy, France.
Gilbert married Gunnora D'Aunou 33 117 in <England>. Gunnora was born about 984 in <France>. Another name for Gunnora was Gunnora D'Aunou.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 131 M i. Richard I FitzGilbert of Clare and Tonbridge 33 118 119 was born in 1030 in <Bienfaite>, Normandy, France, was christened in Brionne, Normandy, France, died before Apr 1088 in <Huntingdonshire, England>, and was buried in St. Neot's, Huntingdonshire, England.
103. Richard d'Évreux Count of Évreux 89 90 91 was born about 986 in Rouen, Normandy, France and died in 1067 in Normandie, France about age 81. Another name for Richard was Richard Count of Evreux.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Richard, Count of Évreux :
Richard, Count of Évreux (d. 1067) was the son of Robert II the Archbishop of Rouen and Count of Évreux and Harleve of Rouen .
He had the following children:
Noted events in his life were:
• Archbishop of Rouen:
Richard married Adaele de Toni 89 before 1030. Adaele was born about 1004 in <Normandy>, France.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 132 F i. Agnes d'Évreux 89 90 was born about 1030 in Évreux, Normandy, France.
104. Ada Fitz Gilbert de Hugleville 45 58 was born about 1030 in <Saint-Valéry-en-Caux>, Haute-Normandie, France. Other names for Ada were Ada de Hugleville, and Ada de Heugelville.
Ada married Geoffroy de Neufmarché.,45 58 120 son of Thurcytel and Unknown. Geoffroy was born about 1025 in <France>. Another name for Geoffroy was Geoffrey de Neufmarché.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 133 M i. Bernard de Neufmarché Lord of Brecon 45 120 was born about 1050 in Le-Neuf-Marché-en-Lions and died about 1125 about age 75.
105. Gille Adoman I Gilleson 3 was born about 976 in <Orkney, Scotland>.
Gille married
+ 134 M i. Gillebride 3 was born about 1010 in <Scotland>.
106. Thorfinn II "the Black" Sigurdsson Earl of Orkney 7 was born about 989 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1064 in <Christ's Kirk, Birdsey, Scotland> about age 75.
Thorfinn married Ingeborg Finnsdatter 7 before 1038, daughter of Finn Arnesson Earl of Halland and Unknown. Ingeborg was born about 1021 in <Osteraat, Yrje, Norway> and died about 1066 about age 45.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 135 M i. Paul Thorfinnsson Jarl of Orkney and Caithness 7 was born about 1040 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1103 in Bergen, Hordaland, Norway about age 63.
107. Brusi Sigurdsson 92 was born about 987 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1031 in Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 44. Another name for Brusi was Brucie Sigurdsson.
Brusi married Ostrida Regenwaldsdatter 92 about 1010 in Orkney Islands, Scotland. Ostrida was born about 990 in <Gothland, Sweden>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 136 M i. Ragnvald Brusesson 92 was born about 1011 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died in Dec 1046 in Papa Stronsay, Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 35, and was buried in Papa Westroy, Orkney, Scotland.
108. Alice de Toeni 2 was born about 1035 in <Tosni>, France and was buried in Lire Abbey, Normandy, France. Another name for Alice was Adelise de Toeni.
Alice married William FitzOsbern 2 about 1051 in France, son of Osbern and Emma of Ivry. William was born about 1030 in <Poitiers>, Poitou, (Vienne), France, died on 20 Feb 1071 in Flanders about age 41, and was buried in Cormeilles Abbey, Normandy (Eure), France.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 137 F i. Emma FitzOsbern 2 was born about 1059 in <Breteuil>, Normandy, France and died after 1095.
109. Ralph de Toeni de Conches 48 was born about 1029 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died on 24 Mar 1102 about age 73, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France. Another name for Ralph was Ralph de Conches.
Ralph married Isabel de Montfort 48 about 1076 in Île-de-France, France, daughter of Simon I de Montfort and Isabel de Broyes. Isabel was born about 1058 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England. Other names for Isabel were Elizabeth Montford, and Isabel Montford.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 138 M i. Ralph de Toeni de Conches 48 was born about 1079 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died about 1126 in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France about age 47, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France.
110. Magnus I "the Good" Olafsson King of Norway 7 was born about 1024 in <Norway> and died on 25 Oct 1047 about age 23.
Magnus married
+ 139 F i. Ragnhild Magnusdatter Princess of Norway 7 was born about 1041 in <Norway>.
111. Ingjald "the White" Helgasson Petty King in Ireland 3 was born about 820 in <Dublin, Dublin, Ireland>.
Ingjald married
+ 140 M i. Olaf "the White" Ingjaldsson King of Ireland 3 was born about 840 in <Dyflinni, Ireland> and died in 871 in Dublin, Dublin, Ireland about age 31.
112. Geva Knudsson King of Denmark 48 was born about 840 in Denmark, died about 940 in Jellinge, Vejle, Denmark about age 100, and was buried in Gormshoj, Jellinge, Vejle, Denmark.
Geva married Thyre "Danebod" 48 about 897 in Denmark. Thyre was born about 844 in Denmark, died about 935 in Jellinge, Vejle, Denmark about age 91, and was buried in Jellinghojene, Jellinge, Vejle, Denmark.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 141 M i. Harald "the Blue Tooth" Gormsson King of Denmark 48 121 was born about 910 in Denmark and died on 1 Nov 987 about age 77.
113. Erik Refillsson 48 was born about 814 in Sweden.
Erik married
+ 142 M i. Emund Eriksson 48 was born about 832 in Sweden.
114. Harald I "Fairhair" Halfdansson King of Norway 7 was born about 850 in <Hedemark, Norway>, died in 933 about age 83, and was buried in Hauko, Rogaland, Norway.
Harald married Svanhild Eysteinsdatter.,7 daughter of Eystein "Glumra" Ivarsson Jarl of Oppland and Aseda Rognvaldsdatter. Svanhild was born about 850 in <Maer, Nord-Trondelag, (Norway)>.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 40)
115. Eadgils King in Uppsala 1 93 died about 580. Other names for Eadgils were Adhel King of Sweden, Adils Ottarsson King in Uppsala, Ađísl King of Sweden, and Athisl King of Sweden.
Research Notes: Semi-legendary king of Sweden, in the house of Yngling.
From Wikipedia - Eadgils :
Eadgils, Adils, Ađils, Adillus, Ađísl at Uppsölum, Athisl, Athislus, Adhel was a semi-legendary king of Sweden , who is estimated to have lived during the 6th century.[1]
Beowulf and Old Norse sources present him as the son of Ohthere and as belonging to the ruling Yngling (Scylfing) clan . These sources also deal with his war against Onela , which he won with foreign assistance: in Beowulf he gained the throne of Sweden by defeating his uncle Onela with Geatish help, and in two Scandinavian sources (Skáldskaparmál and Skjöldunga saga ), he is also helped to defeat Onela in the Battle on the Ice of Lake Vänern , but with Danish help. However, Scandinavian sources mostly deal with his interaction with the legendary Danish king Hrólfr Kraki (Hrođulf), and Eadgils is mostly presented in a negative light as a rich and greedy king.
Name
The Norse forms are based an older (Proto-Norse ) *Aţag (where *aţa is short for *aţala meaning "noble, foremost" (German 'adel') and *g means "arrow shaft"[2]). However, the Anglo-Saxon form is not etymologically identical. The A-S form would have been *Ćdgils, but Eadgils (Proto-Norse *Auđa-g, *auđa- meaning "wealth") was the only corresponding name used by the Anglo-Saxons[3]. The name Ađils was so exceedingly rare even in Scandinavia that among almost 6000 Scandinavian runic inscriptions, it is only attested in three runestones (U 35 , DR 221 and Br Olsen;215)[4].
Beowulf
The Anglo-Saxon epic poem Beowulf , which was composed sometime between the 8th century and the 11th century, is beside the Norwegian skaldic poem Ynglingatal (9th century) the oldest source that mentions Eadgils.
It is implied in Beowulf that the Swedish king Ohthere died and was succeeded by his younger brother Onela , because Ohthere's two sons, Eadgils and Eanmund had to seek refuge with Heardred , Hygelac 's son and successor as king of the Geats [5]. This caused Onela to attack the Geats, and Heardred was killed. Onela returned home and Beowulf succeeded Heardred as the king of Geatland . In the following lines, Onela is referred to as the Scylfings helmet and the son of Ongenţeow , whereas Eadgils and Eanmund are referred to as the sons of Ohtere:
Later in the poem, it tells that during the battle, Eadgils' brother Eanmund was killed by Onela's champion Weohstan , Wiglaf 's father. In the following lines, Eanmund also appears as the son of Ohtere and as a brother's child:
Eadgils, however, survived and later, Beowulf helped Eadgils with weapons and warriors. Eadgils won the war and killed his uncle Onela. In the following lines, Eadgils is mentioned by name and as the son of Ohtere, whereas Onela is referred to as the king:
This event also appears in the Scandinavian sources Skáldskaparmál and Skjöldunga saga , which will be treated below.
Norwegian and Icelandic sources
The allusive manner in which Eadgils and his relatives are referred to in Beowulf suggests that the scop expected his audience to have sufficient background knowledge about Eadgils, Ohthere and Eanmund to understand the references. Likewise, in the roughly contemporary Norwegian Ynglingatal , Eadgils (Ađils) is called Onela's enemy (Ála[11] dólgr), which likewise suggests that the conflict was familiar to the skald and his audience.
The tradition of Eadgils and Onela resurfaces in several Old Norse works in prose and poetry, and another matter also appears: the animosity between Eadgils and Hrólfr Kraki , who corresponds to Hrođulf in Beowulf.
Ynglingatal
The skaldic poem Ynglingatal is a poetic recital of the line of the Yngling clan . They are also called Skilfingar in the poem (in stanza 19), a name that appears in its Anglo-Saxon form Scylfingas in Beowulf when referring to Eadgils' clan. It is presented as composed by Ţjóđólfr of Hvinir by Snorri Sturluson in the Ynglinga saga.
Although its age has been debated, most scholars hold to date from the 9th century[12]. It survives in two versions: one is found in the Norwegian historical work Historia Norvegić in Latin , and the other one in Snorri Sturluson 's Ynglinga saga , a part of his Heimskringla . It presents Ađils (Eadgils) as the successor of Óttarr (Ohthere ) and the predecessor of Eysteinn . The stanza on Ađils refers to his accidental death when he fell from his horse:
Note that Eadgils' animosity with Onela also appears in Ynglingatal as Ađils is referred to as Ole's deadly foe (Ála dólgr). This animosity is treated in more detail in the Skjöldunga saga and Skáldskaparmál , which follow.
The Historia Norwegić , which is a terse summary in Latin of Ynglingatal, only states that Eadgils fell from his horse and died during the sacrifices. In this Latin translation, the Dísir are rendered as the Roman goddess Diana :
Cujus filius Adils vel Athisl ante ćdem Dianć, dum idolorum, sacrificia fugeret, equo lapsus exspiravit. Hic genuit Eustein, [...][15] His son Adils gave up the ghost after falling from his horse before the temple of Diana, while he was performing the sacrifices made to idols. He became sire to Řystein, [...][16] The same information is found the Swedish Chronicle from the mid-15th century, which calls him Adhel. It is probably based on the Ynglingatal tradition and says that he fell from his horse and died while he worshipped his god.
Íslendingabók
In Íslendingabók from the early 12th century, Eadgils only appears as a name in the listing of the kings of the Yngling dynasty as Ađísl at Uppsala . The reason what that the author, Ari Ţorgilsson , traced his ancestry from Eadgils, and its line of succession is the same as that of Ynglingatal.
i Yngvi Tyrkjakonungr. ii Njörđr Svíakonungr. iii Freyr. iiii Fjölnir. sá er dó at Friđfróđa. v Svegđir. vi Vanlandi. vii Visburr. viii Dómaldr. ix Dómarr. x Dyggvi. xi Dagr. xii Alrekr. xiii Agni. xiiii Yngvi. xv Jörundr. xvi Aun inn gamli. xvii Egill Vendilkráka. xviii Óttarr. xix Ađísl at Uppsölum. xx Eysteinn. xxi Yngvarr. xxii Braut-Önundr. xxiii Ingjaldr inn illráđi. xxiiii Óláfr trételgja...[17]
As can be seen it agrees with the earlier Ynglingatal and Beowulf in presenting Eadgils as the successor of Óttarr (Ohthere ).
Skjöldunga saga
The Skjöldunga saga was a Norse saga which is believed to have been written in the period 1180-1200. The original version is lost, but it survives in a Latin summary by Arngrímur Jónsson .
Arngrímur's summary relates that Eadgils, called Adillus, married Yrsa with whom he had the daughter Scullda . Some years later, the Danish king Helgo (Halga ) attacked Sweden and captured Yrsa, not knowing that she was his own daughter, the result of Helgo raping Olava, the queen of the Saxons . Helgo raped Yrsa as well and took her back to Denmark, where she bore the son Rolfo (Hrođulf ). After a few years, Yrsa's mother, queen Olava, came to visit her and told her that Helgo was her own father. In horror, Yrsa returned to Adillus, leaving her son behind. Helgo died when Rolfo was eight years old, and Rolfo succeeded him, and ruled together with his uncle Roas (Hrođgar ). Not much later, Roas was killed by his half-brothers Rćrecus and Frodo, whereupon Rolfo became the sole king of Denmark.
In Sweden, Yrsa and Adillus married Scullda to the king of Öland , Hiřrvardus/Hiorvardus/Hevardus (Heoroweard ). As her half-brother Rolfo was not consulted about this marriage, he was infuriated and he attacked Öland and made Hiřrvardus and his kingdom tributary to Denmark.
After some time, there was animosity between king Adillus of Sweden and the Norwegian king Ale of Oppland . They decided to fight on the ice of Lake Vänern . Adillus won and took his helmet, chainmail and horse. Adillus won because he had requested Rolfo's aid against king Ale and Rolfo had sent him his berserkers. However, Adillus refused to pay the expected tribute for the help and so Rolfo came to Uppsala to claim his recompense. After surviving some traps, Rolfo fled with Adillus' gold, helped by his mother Yrsa. Seeing that the Swedish king and his men pursued him, Rolfo "sowed" the gold on the Fyrisvellir , so that the king's men would pick up the gold, instead of continuing the pursuit.
As can be seen, the Skjöldunga saga retells the story of Eadgils fighting his uncle Onela , but in this version Onela is no longer Eadgils' uncle, but a Norwegian king of Oppland . This change is generally considered to be a late confusion between the core province of the Swedes, Uppland , and its Norwegian namesake Oppland[18]. Whereas, Beowulf leaves the Danish court with the suspicion that Hrođulf (Rolfo Krage, Hrólfr Kraki) might claim the Danish throne for himself at the death of Hrođgar (Roas, Hróarr), it is exactly what he does in Scandinavian tradition. A notable difference is that, in Beowulf, Eadgils receives the help of the Geatish king Beowulf against Onela, whereas it is the Danish king Hrođulf who provides help in Scandinavian tradition.
Skáldskaparmál
Skáldskaparmál was written by Snorri Sturluson , c. 1220, in order to teach the ancient art of kennings to aspiring skalds . It presents Eadgils, called Ađils, in two sections.
Snorri also presents the story of Ađils and Hrólfr Kraki (Hrođulf ) in order to explain why gold was known by the kenning Kraki's seed. Snorri relates that Ađils was in war with a Norwegian king named Áli (Onela ), and they fought in the Battle on the Ice of Lake Vänern . Ađils was married to Yrsa , the mother of Hrólfr and so sent an embassy to Hrólfr asking him for help against Áli. He would receive three valuable gifts in recompense. Hrólfr was involved in a war against the Saxons and could not come in person but sent his twelve berserkers, including Böđvarr Bjarki . Áli died in the war, and Ađils took Áli's helmet Battle-boar and his horse Raven. The berserkers demanded three pounds of gold each in pay, and they demanded to choose the gifts that Ađils had promised Hrólfr, that is the two pieces of armour that nothing could pierce: the helmet battle-boar and the mailcoat Finn's heritage. They also wanted the famous ring Svíagris. Ađils considered the pay outrageous and refused.
When Hrólfr heard that Ađils refused to pay, he set off to Uppsala . They brought the ships to the river Fyris and rode directly to the Swedish king's hall at Uppsala with his twelve berserkers. Yrsa welcomed them and led them to their lodgings. Fires were prepared for them and they were given drinks. However, so much wood was heaped on the fires that the clothes started to burn away from their clothes. Hrólfr and his men had enough and threw the courtiers on the fire. Yrsa arrived and gave them a horn full of gold, the ring Svíagris and asked them to flee. As they rode over the Fyrisvellir , they saw Ađils and his men pursuing them. The fleeing men threw the gold on the plain so that the pursuers would stop to collect it. Ađils, however, continued the chase on his horse Slöngvir. Hrólfr then threw Svíagris and saw how Ađils stooped down to pick up the ring with his spear. Hrólfr exclaimed that he had seen the mightiest man in Sweden bend his back.
[edit ] Ynglinga saga
The Ynglinga saga was written c. 1225 by Snorri Sturluson and he used Skjöldunga saga as a source when he told the story of Ađils[23]. Snorri relates that Ađils succeeded his father Óttar (Ohthere ) and betook himself to pillage the Saxons, whose king was Geirţjófr and queen Alof the Great. The king and consort were not at home, and so Ađils and his men plundered their residence at ease driving cattle and captives down to the ships. One of the captives was a remarkably beautiful girl named Yrsa , and Snorri writes that everyone was soon impressed with the well-mannered, pretty and intelligent girl. Most impressed was Ađils who made her his queen.
Some years later, Helgi (Halga ), who ruled in Lejre , attacked Sweden and captured Yrsa. As he did not know that Yrsa was his own daughter, he raped her, and took her back to Lejre , where she bore him the son Hrólfr kraki . When the boy was three years of age, Yrsa's mother, queen Alof of Saxony, came to visit her and told her that her husband Helgi was her own father. Horrified, Yrsa returned to Ađils, leaving her son behind, and stayed in Sweden for the rest of her life. When Hrólfr was eight years old, Helgi died during a war expedition and Hrólfr was proclaimed king.
Ađils waged a war against king Áli (Onela of Oppland , and they fought in the Battle on the Ice of Lake Vänern . Áli died in this battle. Snorri writes that there was a long account of this battle in the Skjöldunga Saga, which also contained an account of how Hrólf came to Uppsala and sowed gold on the Fyrisvellir .
Snorri also relates that Ađils loved good horses and had the best horses in his days (interestingly, the contemporary Gothic scholar Jordanes noted that the Swedes were famed for their good horses). One horse was named Slöngvi and another one Raven, which he had taken from Áli. From this horse he had bred a horse also named Raven which he sent to king Godgest of Hĺlogaland , but Godgest could not manage it and fell from it and died, in Omd on the island of Andřya . Ađils himself died in a similar way at the Dísablót . Ađils was riding around the Disa shrine when Raven stumbled and fell, and the king was thrown forward and hit his skull on a stone. The Swedes called him a great king and buried him at Uppsala . He was succeeded by Eysteinn
[edit ] Hrólfr Kraki's saga
Hrólfr Kraki's saga is believed to have been written in the period c. 1230 - c. 1450[24]. Helgi and Yrsa lived happily together as husband and wife, not knowing that Yrsa was Helgi's daughter. Yrsa's mother queen Oluf travelled to Denmark to tell her daughter the truth. Yrsa was shocked and although Helgi wanted their relationship to remain as it was, Yrsa insisted on leaving him to live alone. She was later taken by the Swedish king Ađils as his queen, which made Helgi even more unhappy. Helgi went to Uppsala to fetch her, but was killed by Ađils in battle. In Lejre , he was succeeded by his son Hrólfr Kraki .
After some time, Böđvarr Bjarki encouraged Hrólfr to go Uppsala to claim the gold that Ađils had taken from Helgi after the battle. Hrólfr departed with 120 men and his twelve beserkers and during a rest they were tested by a farmer called Hrani (Odin in disguise) who advised Hrólfr to send back all his troops but his twelve beserkers, as numbers would not help him against Ađils.
They were at first well received, but in his hall, Ađils did his best to stop Hrólfr with pit traps and hidden warriors who attacked the Danes. Finally Ađils entertained them but put them to a test where they had to endure immense heat by a fire. Hrólfr and his beserkers finally had enough and threw the courtiers, who were feeding the fire, into the fire and lept at Ađils. The Swedish king disappeared through a hollow tree trunk that stood in his hall.
Yrsa admonished Ađils for wanting to kill her son, and went to meet the Danes. She gave them a man named Vöggr to entertain them. This Vöggr remarked that Hrólfr had the thin face of a pole ladder, a Kraki. Happy with his new cognomen Hrólfr gave Vöggr a golden ring, and Vöggr swore to avenge Hrólfr if anyone should kill him. Hrólfr and his company were then attacked by a troll in the shape of a boar in the service of Ađils, but Hrólfr's dog Gram killed it.
They then found out that Ađils had set the hall on fire, and so they broke out of the hall, only to find themselves surrounded by heavily armed warriors in the street. After a fight, king Ađils retreated to summon reinforcements.
Yrsa then provided her son with a silver drinking horn filled with gold and jewels and a famous ring, Svíagris. Then she gave Hrólf and his men twelve of the Swedish king's best horses, and all the armour and provisions they needed.
Hrólfr took a fond farewell of his mother and departed over the Fyrisvellir . When they saw Ađils and his warriors in pursuit, they spread the gold behind themselves. Ađils saw his precious Svíagris on the ground and stooped to pick it up with his spear, whereupon Hrólf cut his back with his sword and screamed in triumph that he had bent the back of the most powerful man in Sweden.
[edit ] Danish sources
[edit ] Chronicon Lethrense and Annales Lundenses
The Chronicon Lethrense (and the included Annales Lundenses) tell that when the Danish kings Helghe (Halga ) and Ro (Hrođgar ) were dead, the Swedish king Hakon/Athisl[25] forced the Daner to accept a dog as king. The dog king was succeeded by Rolf Krage (Hrólfr Kraki ).
[edit ] Gesta Danorum
The Gesta Danorum (book 2), by Saxo Grammaticus , tells that Helgo (Halga ) repelled a Swedish invasion, killed the Swedish king Hothbrodd , and made the Swedes pay tribute. However, he committed suicide due to shame for his incestuous relationship with Urse (Yrsa ), and his son Roluo (Hrólfr Kraki ) succeeded him.
The new king of Sweden, Athislus, thought that the tribute to the Daner might be smaller if he married the Danish king's mother and so took Urse for a queen. However, after some time, Urse was so upset with the Swedish king's greediness that she thought out a ruse to run away from the king and at the same time liberate him of his wealth. She encited Athislus to rebell against Roluo, and arranged so that Roluo would be invited and promised a wealth in gifts.
At the banquet Roluo was at first not recognised by his mother, but when their fondness was commented on by Athisl, the Swedish king and Roluo made a wager where Roluo would prove his endurance. Roluo was placed in front of a fire that exposed him to such heat that finally a maiden could suffer the sight no more and extinguished the fire. Roluo was greatly recompensed by Athisl for his endurance.
When the banquet had lasted for three days, Urse and Roluo escaped from Uppsala, early in the morning in carriages where they had put all the Swedish king's treasure. In order to lessen their burden, and to occupy any pursuing warriors they spread gold in their path (later in the work, this is referred to as "sowing the Fyrisvellir "), although there was a rumour that she only spread gilded copper. When Athislus, who was pursuing the escapers saw that a precious ring was lying on the ground, he bent down to pick it up. Roluo was pleased to see the king of Sweden bent down, and escaped in the ships with his mother.
Roluo later defeated Athislus and gave Sweden to young man named Hiartuar (Heoroweard ), who also married Roluo's sister Skulde . When Athislus learnt that Hiartuar and Skulde had killed Roluo, he celebrated the occasion, but he drank so much that he killed himself.
Archaeology
According to Snorri Sturluson , Eadgils was buried in one of the royal mounds of Gamla Uppsala , and he is believed to be buried in Adils' Mound (also known as the Western mound or Thor's mound) one of the largest mounds at Uppsala . An excavation in this mound showed that a man was buried there c. 575 on a bear skin with two dogs and rich grave offerings. There were luxurious weapons and other objects, both domestic and imported, show that the buried man was very powerful. These remains include a Frankish sword adorned with gold and garnets and a board game with Roman pawns of ivory . He was dressed in a costly suit made of Frankish cloth with golden threads, and he wore a belt with a costly buckle. There were four cameos from the Middle East which were probably part of a casket. The finds show the distant contacts of the House of Yngling in the 6th century.
Snorri's account that Adils had the best horses of his days, and Jordanes' account that the Swedes of the 6th century were famed for their horses find support in archaeology. This time was the beginning of the Vendel Age , a time characterised by the appearance of stirrups and a powerful mounted warrior elite in Sweden, which rich graves in for instance Valsgärde and Vendel .
Eadgils married Yrsa of Saxony.122 Other names for Yrsa are Urse of Saxony, Yrs of Saxony, and Yrse of Saxony.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 143 M i. Eysteinn King in Sweden 1 123 was born about 600 in Sweden.
20th Generation 116. Maud of Flanders 95 was born in 1032 in Flanders and died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Normandy, France at age 51. Another name for Maud was Matilda of Flanders.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots gives both abt. 1031 and 1032.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots gives 1 Nov 1083 and 2 Nov 1083.
Research Notes: Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matilda_of_Flanders
Maud married William the Conqueror Duke of Normandy, King of England 116 in 1053 in Cathedral de Notre Dame, Normandie, France, son of Robert I Duke of Normandy and Harlette de Falaise. William was born about 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France and died on 9 Sep 1087 in Rouen, Normandy, France about age 59. Other names for William were William of Normandy, and William I King of England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 144 M i. Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England 124 was born about Sep 1068 in Selby, Yorkshire, England and died on 1 Dec 1135 in St. Denis-le-Fermont, France about age 67.
+ 145 F ii. Adela of Normandy 125 was born in 1062 and died in 1137 at age 75.
117. Robert I Count of Flanders 96 was born about 1035 and died on 3 Oct 1093 about age 58. Another name for Robert was Robert "the Friesian."
Research Notes: Second son of Baldwin V of Flanders. Second husband of Gertrude of Saxony.
Robert married Gertrude of Saxony 126 127 in 1063, daughter of Bernard II Duke in Saxony and Eilika of Schweinfurt. Gertrude was born about 1030 and died on 4 Aug 1113 about age 83. Another name for Gertrude was Gertrude Billung.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 146 F i. Gertrude of Flanders 128 was born about 1070 and died in 1117 about age 47.
118. Judith of Normandy 97 was born in 1028 and died on 4 Mar 1094 at age 66.
Judith married Tostig Earl of Northumbria.129 Tostig died on 25 Sep 1066.
Judith next married Welf IV Duke of Bavaria 130 in 1071. Welf died on 6 Nov 1101.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 147 M i. Henry I Duke of Bavaria 131 was born in 1074 and died on 13 Dec 1126 at age 52.
119. Hugues de Dammartin Count of Dammartin 74 was born about 1042 in <Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died in 1103 about age 61.
Research Notes: Need to obtain more information about his lineage. See this from Wikipedia - Dammartin-en-Goële, which mentions a Hugh in the 10th century :
History
Dammartin is historically important as the seat of a county of which the holders played a considerable part in French history . The earliest recorded count of Dammartin was a certain Hugh, who made himself master of the town in the 10th century; but his dynasty was replaced by another family in the 11th century. Reynald I (Renaud ), count of Dammartin (d. 1227), who was one of the coalition crushed by King Philip Augustus at the battle of Bouvines (1214), left two co-heiresses, of whom the elder, Maud (Matilda or Mahaut), married Philip Hurepel , son of Philip Augustus, and the second, Alix, married Jean de Trie , in whose line the county was reunited after the death of Philip Hurepel's son Alberic. The county passed, through heiresses, to the houses of Fayel and Nanteuil , and in the 15th century was acquired by Antoine de Chabannes (d. 1488), one of the favorites of King Charles VII , by his marriage with Marguerite, heiress of Reynald V of Nanteuil-Aci and Marie of Dammartin. This Antoine de Chabannes, count of Dammartin in right of his wife, fought under the standard of Joan of Arc , became a leader of the Ecorcheurs , took part in the war of the public weal against Louis XI , and then fought for him against the Burgundians . The collegiate church at Dammartin was founded by him in 1480, and his tomb and effigy are in the chancel.
His son, Jean de Chabannes , left three heiresses, of whom the second left a daughter who brought the county to Philippe de Boulainvilliers , by whose heirs it was sold in 1554 to the dukes of Montmorency . In 1632 the county was confiscated by Louis XIII and bestowed on the princes of Conde .
Hugues married Roaide Countess of Bulles.74 Roaide was born about 1046 in Bulles, Oise, France.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 148 F i. Aelis de Dammartin 105 was born about 1084 in Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne, France.
120. Hugh Magnus (II) of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France 100 101 was born in 1057 and died on 18 Oct 1102 in Tarsus, Cilicia, [Turkey] at age 45. Other names for Hugh were Hugh of Vermandois, Hugues "le Grand" de France, Hugh Magnus, and Hugh de Vermandois.
Death Notes: Died on crusade.
Research Notes: Duke of France and Burgundy, Marquis of Orleans, Count of Amiens, Chaumont, Paris, Valois, and Vermandois. He was a leader of the First Crusade.
First husband of Adelaid de Vermandois.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 53-23 has b. 1057, d. Tarsus 18 Oct 1102.
Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois & Anne of Kiev (has b. 1057, d. 18 Oct 1102)
From Wikipedia - Hugh of Vermandois :
Hugh of Vermandois (1053 - October 18 , 1101 ), was son to King Henry I of France and Anne of Kiev , and the younger brother of King Philip I of France . He was in his own right Count of Vermandois . William of Tyre called him "Hugh Magnus", Hugh the Great, but he was an ineffectual leader and soldier, great only in his boasting. Indeed, Sir Steven Runciman is certain that "Magnus" is a copyist's error, and should be "minus", "the younger" (referring to Hugh as younger brother of the King of France).
In early 1096 Hugh and Philip began discussing the First Crusade after news of the Council of Clermont reached them in Paris . Although Philip could not participate, as he had been excommunicated , Hugh was said to have been influenced to join the Crusade after an eclipse of the moon on February 11 , 1096.
That summer Hugh's army left France for Italy , where they would cross the Adriatic Sea into territory of the Byzantine Empire , unlike the other Crusader armies who were travelling by land. On the way, many of the soldiers led by fellow Crusader Emicho joined Hugh's army after Emicho was defeated by the Hungarians , whose land he had been pillaging. Hugh crossed the Adriatic from Bari in Southern Italy , but many of his ships were destroyed in a storm off the Byzantine port of Dyrrhachium .
Hugh and most of his army was rescued and escorted to Constantinople , where they arrived in November of 1096. Prior to his arrival, Hugh sent an arrogant, insulting letter to Eastern Roman Emperor Alexius I Comnenus , according to the Emperor's biography by his daughter (the Alexiad), demanding that Alexius meet with him:
"Know, O King, that I am King of Kings, and superior to all, who are under the sky. You are now permitted to greet me, on my arrival, and to receive me with magnificence, as befits my nobility."
Alexius was already wary of the armies about to arrive, after the unruly mob led by Peter the Hermit had passed through earlier in the year. Alexius kept Hugh in custody in a monastery until Hugh swore an oath of vassalage to him.
After the Crusaders had successfully made their way across Seljuk territory and, in 1098 , captured Antioch , Hugh was sent back to Constantinople to appeal for reinforcements from Alexius. Alexius was uninterested, however, and Hugh, instead of returning to Antioch to help plan the siege of Jerusalem , went back to France. There he was scorned for not having fulfilled his vow as a Crusader to complete a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and Pope Paschal II threatened to excommunicate him. He joined the minor Crusade of 1101 , but was wounded in battle with the Turks in September, and died of his wounds in October in Tarsus .
Family and children
He married Adele of Vermandois, the daughter of Herbert IV of Vermandois and Adele of Valois .They had nine children:
Count Raoul I of Vermandois
Henry, senior of Chaumont-en-Vexin , (d. 1130 ).
Simon, Bishop of Noyon
Elizabeth de Vermandois , married
Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester ;
William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey
Matilde de Vermandois, married Raoul I of Beaugency
Constance de Vermandois, married Godefroy de la Ferte-Gaucher
Agnes de Vermandois, married Margrave Boniface del Vasto . Mother of Adelaide del Vasto .
Beatrix de Vermandois, married Hugh III of Gournay-en-Bray
Emma de Vermandois
Hugh married Adelaide de Vermandois Countess of Vermandois and Valois 132 133 134 before 1080, daughter of Herbert IV Count of Vermandois and Valois and Adela of Valois and Vexin. Adelaide was born about 1065 in <Valois, Île-de-France, France> and died on 28 Sep 1120 in <Vermandois> about age 55. Another name for Adelaide was Adele of Vermandois.
Marriage Notes: After 1067 and before 1080?
FamilySearch has m. abt 1064.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 149 F i. Isabel de Vermandois Countess of Leicester 132 135 was born about 1081 in <Valois, Île-de-France, France>, died on 13 Feb 1131 in England about age 50, and was buried in Lewes, Sussex, England.
150 M ii. Raoul I Count of Vermandois . Another name for Raoul is Count Raoul of Vermandois.
151 M iii. Henry of Chaumont-en-Vexin died in 1130.
152 M iv. Simon Bishop of Noyon .
153 F v. Matilde de Vermandois .
154 F vi. Constance de Vermandois .
155 F vii. Agnes de Vermandois .
156 F viii. Beatrix de Vermandois .
157 F ix. Emma de Vermandois .
124. Henry of Burgundy 103 104 105 was born about 1035 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died about 1071 about age 36. Another name for Henry was Henri Comte de Bourgogne.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has d. 27 Jan. 1066/7 and d. 27 Jan.1066/1074. Wikipedia has d. abt. 1071.
Research Notes: His wife was NOT named Sibylle of Barcelona, daughter of Berenger Ramon I, according to Wikipedia.
From Wikipedia - Henry of Burgundy :
Henry of Burgundy (1035 - c. 1071 ) was the son and heir of Robert I , duke of Burgundy . He died shortly before his father and failed to succeed in Burgundy. The name of his wife is unknown (that it was Sibil has been discredited) as is her origin, although a connection to the Counts of Barcelona has been hypothesized. Their children were:
Noted events in his life were:
• "Le damoiseau de Bourgogne":
Henry married
+ 158 M i. Henry of Burgundy, Count of Portugal 105 136 137 was born in 1069 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 1 Nov 1112 at age 43.
159 M ii. Hugh I Duke of Burgundy was born in 1057 and died in 1093 at age 36.
160 M iii. Eudes I Duke of Burgundy was born in 1058 and died in 1103 at age 45.
161 M iv. Robert Bishop of Langres was born in 1059 and died in 1111 at age 52.
162 F v. Helie .
163 F vi. Beatrice was born in 1063.
164 M vii. Reginald Abbot of St. Pierre was born in 1065 and died in 1092 at age 27.
Henry next married
+ 165 F i. Beatrice of Burgundy 138 died after 1110.
125. Constance of Burgundy 106 107 was born in 1046 and died in 1092 at age 46.
Death Notes: Wikipedia has d. 1093
Research Notes: Second wife of Alfonso VI.
From Wikipedia - Constance of Burgundy :
Constance of Burgundy (1046 - 1093), was the daughter of Duke Robert I of Burgundy and Helie de Semur-en-Brionnais .
She built a monastery in Burgos for Adelelmus in 1079. She married Alfonso VI of Castile on May 8 , 1079 . They had two children:
Constance married Alfonso VI "the Brave" of Castile, King of Castile and Leon 105 139 140 in 1081, son of Ferdinand I King of Castile and Léon and Sancha Princess of Léon. Alfonso was born before Jun 1040 in <Burgos, Castile>, Spain and died on 29 Jun 1109 in Toledo, Castile, Spain. Another name for Alfonso was Alfonso I of Castile.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 166 F i. Urraca of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon 61 141 142 was born about 1082 in <Burgos, Castile>, Spain and died on 8 Mar 1126 in Saldana, Palencia, Spain about age 44.
126. Beatrix of Hainaut 112 was born about 998 in <Hainaut, Belgium>.
Beatrix married Ebles I Count of Rheims & Roucy, Archbishop of Rheims.,143 144 son of Giselbert Count of Roucy and Unknown. Ebles was born about 980 in <Roucy, Marne, France> and died on 11 May 1033 about age 53.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 167 F i. Adele de Roucy 145 146 was born about 1014 in <Roucy, Aisne, France> and died about 1062 about age 48.
Beatrix next married Manasses Calva Asina de Rameru.,74 son of Hilduin II de Rameru and Unknown. Manasses was born about 1010 in <Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died on 15 Nov 1057 in Siege of Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, Lorraine, France about age 47. Another name for Manasses was Manasses de Dammartin Count of Dammartin.
127. Alice of Normandy 7 114 was born about 1021 in <Normandy, France>. Another name for Alice was Alix de Normandie.
Research Notes: Illegitimate daughter of Richard III.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132A-24
Alice married Ranulph I Vicomte of the Bessin.,7 114 son of Anschitil Vicomte of the Bessin and Unknown. Ranulph was born about 1017 in <Bayeux, Calvados, Normandy, France>. Another name for Ranulph was Ranulf Count of Bayeux.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 168 M i. Ranulph II Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy 7 147 148 was born about 1048 in <Normandy, France> and died after Apr 1089.
128. Guillaume I de Bourgogne 61 115 was born about 1040 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 12 Nov 1087 in France about age 47. Another name for Guillaume was William I "the Great" Count Palantine of Burgundy, Count of Mâcon.
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. 11 Nov 1087
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132-24
Guillaume married Stephanie de Longwy 74 149 between 1049 and 1057. Stephanie was born about 1035 in <Longwy, Meurthe-et-Moselle>, France and died after 1088. Other names for Stephanie were Etiennette of Barcelona, and Stephanie of Barcelona.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 169 M i. Raymond of Burgundy, Count of Amous 150 151 was born about 1060 in <Dijon>, France and died on 26 Mar 1107 in Grajal do Campos, Léon, Spain about age 47.
+ 170 F ii. Gisele of Burgundy 105 152 was born about 1070 in <Bourgogne, Champagne, France> and died after 1133.
+ 171 F iii. Sibylle of Burgundy-Ivrea 153 died after 1103.
+ 172 F iv. Ermentrude of Burgundy 74 154 was born about 1060 in Burgundy, France and died after 8 Mar 1105.
129. William the Conqueror Duke of Normandy, King of England 116 was born about 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France and died on 9 Sep 1087 in Rouen, Normandy, France about age 59. Other names for William were William of Normandy, and William I King of England.
Research Notes: Wikipedia (William the Conqueror) gives b. in 1027 or 1028. Where did the 14 Oct 1024 date come from?
Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) - has b. 1027 in Falaise, France, d. 9 sep 1087 in Rouen, France.
William married Maud of Flanders 95 in 1053 in Cathedral de Notre Dame, Normandie, France, daughter of Baldwin V de Lille, Count of Flanders and Adele Capet Princess of France. Maud was born in 1032 in Flanders and died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Normandy, France at age 51. Another name for Maud was Matilda of Flanders.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 116)
130. Adelaide of Normandy, Countess of Aumale was born about 1030 and died between 1081 and 1090. Another name for Adelaide was Adela of Normandy, Countess of Aumale.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 130-24. Sister of William I the Conqueror.
Wikipedia (Herleva)
Adelaide married Enguerrand II Count of Ponthieu, son of Hugh II Count of Pontieu and Bertha of Aumale. Enguerrand died in 1053 in Arques.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 173 F i. Judith of Lens 48 155 156 was born in 1054 in <Lens, Artois>, France.
Adelaide next married Lambert of Boulogne, Count of Lens in Artois. Lambert died in 1054 in Lille, France.
Adelaide next married Eudes Count of Champagne and Aumale, Earl of Holderness between 1054 and 1056.
131. Richard I FitzGilbert of Clare and Tonbridge 33 118 119 was born in 1030 in <Bienfaite>, Normandy, France, was christened in Brionne, Normandy, France, died before Apr 1088 in <Huntingdonshire, England>, and was buried in St. Neot's, Huntingdonshire, England. Other names for Richard were Richard de Clare, Richard FitzGilbert de Clare of Clare and Tonbridge, Richard I Fitz Gilbert of Clare and Tonbridge, and Richard de Tonbridge.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1024, Bienfaite, Normandy, France.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, line 130-27 (Maud de St. Liz) has d. abt. 1090; line 184-2 has d. bef Apr 1088.
http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019582.htm has d. 1090 in Huntingdon, England.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 184-2 (Rohese Giffard)
Noted events in his life were:
• Seigneur of Bienfaite & Orbec, Normandy:
• Lord of Clare, Suffolk:
Richard married Rohese Giffard 157 158 about 1054 in England, daughter of Walter II Giffard 1st Earl of Buckingham and Agnes Ribemont. Rohese was born about 1034 in Longueville, Normandy, France and died after 1113. Another name for Rohese was Rohese Gifford.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 174 M i. Gilbert Fitz Richard Earl of Clare and Lord of Tonbridge 159 160 161 162 was born about 1060 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died 1114 or 1117 in <England> about age 54.
175 M ii. Robert Fitz Richard Lord of Little Dunmow, Essex 163 died between 1134 and 1136.
Noted events in his life were:
• Steward of Henry II:
Robert married Maud de St. Liz.164 165 166 Maud died in 1140. Other names for Maud were Matilda of St Liz, Maud de Senlis, and Maud de Senliz.
+ 176 F iii. Rohese FitzRichard de Clare 33 167 was born about 1055 in Tunbridge, Kent, England and died in 1121 in England about age 66.
132. Agnes d'Évreux 89 90 was born about 1030 in Évreux, Normandy, France. Another name for Agnes was Agnes of Évreux.
Agnes married Simon I de Montfort 89 90 168 about 1058 in Normandie, France, son of Amauri Seigneur de Montfort and Bertrade de Gometz. Simon was born about 1025 in Montfort L'Amaury, Île-de-France, France, died in 1087 about age 62, and was buried in Épernon, Normandy, France. Other names for Simon were Simon I kEEP Seigneur of Montfort l'Amauri, and Simon de Montfort.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 177 F i. Bertrade de Montfort died in 1117.
+ 178 M ii. Amaury de Montfort 89 was born about 1070 in <Montfort Amaury, Île-de-France, France> and died in 1137 about age 67.
133. Bernard de Neufmarché Lord of Brecon 45 120 was born about 1050 in Le-Neuf-Marché-en-Lions and died about 1125 about age 75. Another name for Bernard was Bernard of Newmarket, Lord of Brecon.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1070
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Bernard de Neufmarché :
Bernard of Neufmarché or Newmarket (c. 1050 - c. 1125) was "the first of the original conquerors of Wales ."[1] He was a minor Norman lord who rose to power in the Welsh Marches before successfully undertaking the invasion and conquest of the Kingdom of Brycheiniog between 1088 and 1095. Out of the ruins of the Welsh kingdom he created the Anglo-Norman lordship of Brecon .
Coming to England
Because Bernard's family had attachments to the monastery of Saint-Evroul-sur-Ouche , the monkish chronicler Orderic Vitalis of that foundation had special knowledge of him and his family, though this still does not reduce the general obscurity of his origins or his life when compared to the richer Marcher lords , like the great Roger of Montgomery .[2] Bernard was the son of the minor and incompetent Norman baron Geoffrey de Neufmarché and Ada de Heugelville,[3] and he was born at the castle of Le-Neuf-Marché-en-Lions on the frontier between Normandy and Beauvais .[4] His ancestors on his mother's side had founded the town of Aufay south of Dieppe on the Sie , while his paternal grandfather, Turketil had served the young William II of Normandy as a guardian and was killed in that capacity. On his mother's side he also descended from Richard II of Normandy .[5]
The question of Bernard's participation in the Battle of Hastings and therefore in the Norman Invasion is subject to debate.[4] While Bernard had close family connexions to the port of Saint-Valery-sur-Somme from which William's invading fleet launched, Bernard himself was not the ruler of that city and need not have been in the fleet. He had later connexions with Battle Abbey : he established a cell of that abbey in Brecon, but that may have been an analogous foundation intended to mark his conquest of Brycheiniog.[6] Bernard's peculiar absence from the Domesday Book more or less damns the case for his presence at Hastings, for it is impossible that a noble participant in the victorious battle should not have received land to be recorded in Domesday if he was still living in 1087.[6]
Rise to power
Bernard was finally rewarded by the king, then William II of Normandy, in 1086 or 1087. He received lands in Herefordshire and lands which had devolved to the crown with the deaths of Gilbert fitz Thorold and Alfred of Marlborough .[7] Gilbert's lands were concentrated in Herefordshire and included the manors of Bach , Middlewood , and Harewood in the Golden Valley and the castles of Dorstone , Snodhill , and Urishay connecting Clifford Castle to Ewyas Harold , which belonged to Alfred's lordship.[8] Among Bernard's acquisitions from Gilbert was the domus defensabilis of Eardisley . From Alfred he received Pembridge , Burghill , and Brinsop .[6] Of these it should be noted that Snodhill was not founded until the twelfth century and then became the caput of the honour of Chandos . Bernard was also established in Speen and Newbury in Berkshire and Brinsop and Burghill in Herefordshire sometime before 1079. Both these latter vills were held from his honour of Brecon in the twelfth century. Bernard's ommission from Domesday is especially peculiar there. It is possible that he had some kind of exemption.
Probably as a consequence of his rapid rise in the marches, Bernard attracted the attention of Osbern fitz Richard , who gave him his daughter, Agnes (Nest), whose mother was the Welsh princess Nest, daughter of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn and Edith of Mercia ,[3] in marriage sometime before 1099.[9] She brought with her a dowry of Berrington and Little Hereford .
All of Bernard's estates lay in the valley of the river Wye and along an old Roman road which led from Watling Street to Y Gaer and on into Brycheiniog. The military possibilities of that road could only have encouraged his subsequent ventures into Wales.[10]
Conquest of Brycheiniog
Bernard joined the rebellion of the marcher lords against William Rufus at Lent in 1088.[11] Bernard escaped without recorded punishment and the king probably conceded the marcher lords the right to expand their lands by conquest at the expense of the Welsh buffer kingdoms of Brycheiniog, Morgannwg , and Gwynllwg .[12] Shortly after the settlement with the king, Bernard spearheaded an invasion of Brycheiniog which was to lead eventually to its conquest. Before the end of the year, though, he had captured Glasbury , for he issued a charter for lands near that place to the abbey of Saint Peter's at Gloucester (Autumn 1088).[6]
The chronology of events at this juncture is often confused. Bernard may well have already been in power in Brycheiniog by 1088 if he had already inherited a claim to it after the defeat of Roger de Breteuil , Earl of Hereford , in 1075. In 1088 the king, William Rufus, confirmed a previous charter of Bernard's stating that he had already made an exchange "within his lordship of Brycheiniog" at Glasbury. He also already held Castell Dinas which had probably been built by the Earl of Hereford before 1075.
After the initial conquest of 1088, Bernard continued warring with Brycheiniog until 1090, probably supported by Richard fitz Pons , the lord of Clifford.[13] Talgarth was captured early and a castle was constructed at Bronllys where the rivers Dulais and Llyfni meet, a site probably central to the llys of the tywysog of the commote of Bronllys.[13] By 1091 Bernard had reached the valley of the Usk , which was at the centre of the kingdom which was to become his own principality.
There is some discrepancy in this description of events also. Richard Fitz Pons was lord of Llandovery , which he had reached probably through Glamorgan , already by 1088. Bronllys Castle may not have been built until 1144, when Roger Fitzmiles , Earl of Hereford, is first recorded granting it as a five knights' fee mesne barony to Walter de Clifford , son of Richard Fitz Pons.
According to much later accounts and reconstructions, the accuracy of which is very dubious but which contain some references to verifiable history, the king of Brycheiniog, Bleddyn ap Maenarch , allied with the king of Deheubarth , Rhys ap Tewdwr , in 1093 (or perhaps 1094) and tried to attack the forces of Bernard which were building a castle at Brecon on the Usk and Honddu in the centre of a great plain in his kingdom where several Roman viae met.[14] Bleddyn led a charge up the hill, but the Normans defeated the Welsh and Rhys was killed in battle. Brecknock Priory , which was later founded at the site of the battle, may have been built on the spot where Rhys supposedly fell.[15] Bleddyn died not long after and Bernard was able to advance over the whole of Brycheiniog.
Reliable historical records refer to no king of Brycheiniog after a Tewdwr ab Elise who died after 934. Certainly there is no contemporary reference to a Bleddyn ap Maenarch. The Welsh Bruts simply state that "Rhys ap Tewdwr, king of Deheubarth, was slain by the Frenchmen who were inhabiting Brycheiniog." This passage lends evidence to the belief that the conquest of Brycheiniog was mostly finished by Eastertide 1093 and that the main effect of the battle of Brecon was to open the way to the conquest of Deheubarth.
Pacification and administration of Brycheiniog
He followed the Usk down to Ystradyw and took it, which incited the bishops of Llandaff to protest because the annexation of Ystradyw removed it from their diocese and brought it into the lordship of Brecon, which was under the episcopal authority of Saint David's .[16] In Spring 1094, the southern Welsh rose in revolt against the Normans that had come to dominate them. Brycheiniog was unaffected and the Normans of that region launched a counterattack from Ystrad Tywy and Cantref Bychan which devastated Kidwelly and Gower but did not put down the revolt.[16] In 1095 it spread to Brycheiniog and the Welsh of the countryside, allied with their compatriots of Gwynllwg and Gwent took back control of the province while the Normans were forced into their fortified centres.
Two expeditions from Glamorgan came to the rescue of the garrisons of Brycheiniog. The first was crushed in battle at Celli Carnant , but the second defeated the rebels at Aber Llech .[17] What followed was the complete encastellation of Brycheiniog. Among the castles possibly built during Bernard's lordship to defend the entrances to Brycheiniog from the southeast were Tretower , Blaen Llyfni (not attested before 1207-1215), and Crickhowell .
Bernard also extensively enfeoffed his followers with Welsh land.[17] Richard fitz Pons may have been enfeoffed at Cantref Selyff on the western border of Brycheiniog and immediately he began in miniature the process whereby Bernard had come to rule Brycheiniog.[17] However, Richard's son Walter is the first recorded landholder at Cantref Selyff. Furthermore, Bernard enfeoffed the sons of the king he had displaced in the less habitable land, thereby creating a loyal Welsh aristocracy and extracting more out of his land than the Normans otherwise knew how to do.[18] The Normans lived predominantly in the valleys and lowlands in an agrarian society while the Welsh kept to the hills and mountains living pastorally, thus creating an overall economic gain.[19] Among Bleddyn's sons, Gwrgan received Blaen Llyfni and Aberllyfni while Caradog received an unnamed hill country, and Drymbenog, Bleddyn's brother, was given land neighbouring that of Richard fitz Pons.
Death and succession
By the time of his death around 1125, Bernard had established a flourishing borough around his castle of Brecon. Henry I had married Bernard's daughter Sybil to Miles Fitz Walter , the sheriff of Gloucestershire , in 1121 and passed a significant portion of Bernard's honour to him as a dowry, including Hay-on-Wye Castle.[20] According to Giraldus Cambrensis this was because Mahel de Neufmarché the son and heir of Bernard had mutilated the paramour of his mother. In vengeance his mother, Princess Nesta, swore to King Henry I that her son was illegitimate. Henry was therefore able by law and custom to pass over Mahel and give the land to his friend and confident Miles Fitz Walter with Bernard's legal heiress in marriage.
Bernard married Nesta.,58 169 daughter of Osborn Fitz Richard of Richard's Castle, Hereford and Nest verch Gruffydd. Nesta was born about 1079 in Herefordshire, England. Other names for Nesta were Nest, and Nest verch Osbern.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 179 F i. Sibyl de Neufmarché 58 170 was born about 1096 in <Aberconwy, Wales> and died after 1143 in Gloucestershire, England.
134. Gillebride 3 was born about 1010 in <Scotland>.
Gillebride married
+ 180 M i. Somerled I Gillebrideson 3 was born about 1030 in <Scotland>.
135. Paul Thorfinnsson Jarl of Orkney and Caithness 7 was born about 1040 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1103 in Bergen, Hordaland, Norway about age 63. Another name for Paul was Paal Thorfinnsson Jarl of Orkney and Caithness.
Paul married Ragnhild Haakonsdatter.,7 daughter of Haakon Ivarsson and Ragnhild Magnusdatter Princess of Norway. Ragnhild was born about 1044 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 181 M i. Haakon Paalsson 7 was born about 1070 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1122 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 52.
136. Ragnvald Brusesson 92 was born about 1011 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died in Dec 1046 in Papa Stronsay, Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 35, and was buried in Papa Westroy, Orkney, Scotland. Another name for Ragnvald was Rognvald Brusesson.
Death Notes: Killed
Ragnvald married Arlogia 92 about 1034 in <Russia>, daughter of Waldemar Duke of Russia and Unknown. Arlogia was born about 1015 in <Russia>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 182 M i. Robert de Brusse 92 was born about 1036 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died between 1080 and 1098.
137. Emma FitzOsbern 2 was born about 1059 in <Breteuil>, Normandy, France and died after 1095.
Emma married Ralph Seigneur de Gael 2 in 1075 in Exning, <Suffolk>e, England, son of Ralph Earl of Norfolk and Unknown. Ralph was born before 1040 in Gael, Brittany, France and died after 1095.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 183 M i. Ralph de Gael 1st Earl of Norfolk, Suffolk & Cambridge .171 172
138. Ralph de Toeni de Conches 48 was born about 1079 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died about 1126 in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France about age 47, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France. Another name for Ralph was Ralph de Conches.
Ralph married Alice Huntingdon 48 155 in 1103 in England, daughter of Waltheof II Earl of Northumberland and Judith of Lens. Alice was born about 1085 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died after 1126. Other names for Alice were Adelise, and Adeliza Huntingdon.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 184 M i. Roger de Toeni de Conches 48 was born about 1104 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died before 1162.
139. Ragnhild Magnusdatter Princess of Norway 7 was born about 1041 in <Norway>.
Ragnhild married Haakon Ivarsson 7 in 1062 in Norway, son of Ivar "Hvide" and Unknown. Haakon was born about 1031 in <Norway>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 185 F i. Ragnhild Haakonsdatter 7 was born about 1044 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
140. Olaf "the White" Ingjaldsson King of Ireland 3 was born about 840 in <Dyflinni, Ireland> and died in 871 in Dublin, Dublin, Ireland about age 31. Another name for Olaf was Olof "Hviti" Ingjaldsson King of Ireland.
Olaf married Aud "Deep Minded" Ketilsdatter 7 about 857 in Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. Aud was born about 834 in <Raumsdal, Telemark, Norway> and died in 900 in Hvammi, Dala, Iceland about age 66. Another name for Aud was Unn Ketilsdatter.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 186 M i. Thorstein "the Red" Olafsson 3 was born about 858 in <Dublin, Dublin, Ireland> and died in 888 in Hvammi, Dala, Iceland about age 30.
141. Harald "the Blue Tooth" Gormsson King of Denmark 48 121 was born about 910 in Denmark and died on 1 Nov 987 about age 77. Other names for Harald were Harald I of Denmark, and Harald I "Bluetooth" King of Denmark.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Harald I of Denmark :
Harald Bluetooth Gormson (Old Norse : 'Haraldr Blátönn', Danish : Harald Blĺtand, Norwegian : Harald Blĺtann, Swedish : Harald Blĺtand) (born c. 935) was the son of King Gorm the Old and of Thyra Dannebod . He died in 985 or 986 having ruled as King of Denmark from around 958 and king of Norway for a few years probably around 970. Some sources state that his son Sweyn forcibly deposed him as king.
The Jelling stones
Harald Bluetooth caused the Jelling stones to be erected to honour his parents.[1] Encyclopedia Britannica (Britannica) considers the runic inscriptions as the most well known in Denmark.[2] The biography of Harald Bluetooth is summed up by this runic inscription from the Jelling stones:
"Harald, king, bade these memorials to be made after Gorm, his father, and Thyra, his mother. The Harald who won the whole of Denmark and Norway and turned the Danes to Christianity."
Conversion and Christianisation of Denmark
The conversion of the Danes or, rather, the conversion of King Harald Bluetooth, is a contested bit of history, not least because medieval writers such as Widukind of Corvey and Adam of Bremen give conflicting accounts of how it came about.
We know from the runestone erected at Jelling Monument that Harald claimed to have converted the Danes himself. In his "History of the Archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen," finished in 1076, Adam of Bremen claimed that Harald was himself forcibly converted by Otto I , after a defeat in battle.[3] In the Icelandic saga about the Kings of Norway called the Heimskringla , this story was changed somewhat to have Harald be converted, along with Earl Hakon , by Otto II .
However, Widukind of Corvey, writing nearly 100 years before Adam and during the lives of Otto I and Harald, mentioned no such episode in his Res gestae saxonicae sive annalium libri tres or "Deeds of the Saxons". Considering that this history was at least partly written to promote the greatness of Otto and his family, this silence is damning to Adam of Bremen's claim. Widukind himself claims that Harald was converted by a "cleric by the name of Poppa" who, when asked by Harald whether he would be tested as to his faith in Christ, supposedly carried "a great weight of iron" heated by a fire without being burned.[4] A similar story does appear in Adam of Bremen's history, but about Eric of Sweden , who had supposedly conquered Denmark (there is no evidence that this happened anywhere else), and a self-immolating cleric named Poppo.[5] The story of this otherwise unknown Poppo or Poppa's miracle and baptism of Harald is also depicted on the gilded altar piece in the Church of Tandrup in Denmark, a detail of which is at the top of this article. The altar itself has been dated to about 1200.[6] Adam of Bremen's claim regarding Otto I and Harald appears to have been inspired by an attempt to manufacture a historical reason for the archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen to claim jurisdiction over Denmark (and thus the rest of Scandinavia); in the 1070s, the Danish King was in Rome asking for Denmark to have its own arch-bishop, and Adam's account of Harald's supposed conversion (and baptism of both him and his "little son" Sweyn , with Otto serving as Sweyn's godfather) is followed by the unambiguous claim that "At that time Denmark on this side of the sea, which is called Jutland by the inhabitants, was divided into three dioceses and subjected to the bishopric of Hamburg."[7]
As noted above, Harald's father, Gorm the Old had died in 958, and he had been buried in a mound with many grave goods, after the pagan practice. The mound was itself from c. 500 BCE, but Harald had it built higher over his father's grave, and added a second mound to the south. Mound-building was a newly revived custom in the tenth century, possibly as a "self-conscious appeal to old traditions in the face of Christian customs spreading from Denmark's southern neighbors, the Germans."[8]
But after his conversion, in about the 960s, Harald had his father's body disinterred and reburied in the church he built next to the now empty mound, and erected the now famous Jelling stones described above.
Reign
During his reign, Harald oversaw the reconstruction not only of the Jelling runic stones but of other projects as well. Some believe that these projects were a way for him to preserve the economic and military control of his country. During that time, ring forts were built in five strategic locations: Trelleborg on Sjćlland , Nonnebakken on Fyn , Fyrkat in central Jylland , Aggersborg near Limfjord , and Trelleborg near the city of Trelleborg in Scania in present-day Sweden . All five fortresses had similar designs: "perfectly circular with gates opening to the four corners of the earth, and a courtyard divided into four areas which held large houses set in a square pattern"[10] A sixth Trelleborg is located in Borgeby , in Scania in present-day Sweden. This one has been dated to the vicinity of 1000 AD and has a similar design, so it too may have been built by king Harald.
He also constructed the oldest known bridge in southern Scandinavia, known as the Ravninge Bridge in Ravninge meadows, which was 5m wide and 760m long.
While absolute quiet prevailed throughout the interior, he was even able to turn his thoughts to foreign enterprises. Again and again he came to the help of Richard the Fearless of Normandy (in the years 945 and 963), while his son conquered Samland and, after the assassination of King Harald Graafeld of Norway, he also managed to force the people of that country into temporary subjection to himself.
The Norse sagas presents Harald in a rather negative light. He was forced twice to submit to the renegade Swedish prince Styrbjörn the Strong of the Jomsvikings - first by giving Styrbjörn a fleet and his daughter Tyra , the second time by giving up himself as hostage and an additional fleet. Styrbjörn brought this fleet to Uppsala in Sweden in order to claim the throne of Sweden. However, this time Harald broke his oath and fled with his Danes in order to avoid facing the Swedish army at the Battle of the Fýrisvellir .
As a consequence of Harald's army having lost to the Germans in the shadow of Danevirke in 974, he no longer had control of Norway and Germans having settled back into the border area between Scandinavia and Germany. The German settlers were driven out of Denmark in 983 by an alliance consisting of Obodrite soldiers and troops loyal to Harald. Soon after, Harald was killed fighting off a rebellion led by his son Sweyn. He was believed to have died in 986 , although there are many other accounts that claim he died in 985.
Marriages and issue
Gyrid Olafsdottir , probably by 950.
Thora (Tova) the daughter of Mistivir in 970. She raised the Sřnder Vissing Runestone after her mother.
Harald married Gyrid Olafsdottir 48 173 by 950. Gyrid was born about 930 in Denmark. Other names for Gyrid were Gunhild, and Gyrithe Olafsdatter.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 187 M i. Svend I "Forked Beard" King of Denmark, Norway and England 48 was born about 960 in Denmark, died on 2 Feb 1014 in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, England about age 54, and was buried in Hellig Trefoldigheds Kirke, Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark.
+ 188 F ii. Thyra Haraldsdatter Queen of Norway 48 was born about 947 in <Denmark> and died on 18 Sep 1000 in Norway about age 53.
142. Emund Eriksson 48 was born about 832 in Sweden. Another name for Emund was Edmund Eriksson.
Emund married
+ 189 M i. Erik Edmundsson 48 was born about 849 in Sweden and died about 900 about age 51.
143. Eysteinn King in Sweden 1 123 was born about 600 in Sweden. Other names for Eysteinn were Östen King of Sweden, and Eystein Adilsson King in Sweden.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Eysteinn :
Eysteinn (d. ca 600) was the son of Eadgils and Yrsa of Saxony . He was the father of Ingvar .
Snorri Sturluson relates that Eysteinn ruled Sweden at the time when Hrólf Kraki died in Lejre . It was a troubled time when many sea kings ravaged the Swedish shores. One of those kings was named Sölve and he was from Jutland (but according to Historia Norwegiae he was Geatish , see below). At this time Sölve was pillaging in the Baltic Sea and so he arrived in Lofond (probably the island of Lovön or the Lagunda Hundred ), where Eysteinn was at a feast. It was night-time and Sölve and his men surrounded the house and set it on fire burning everyone inside to death. Then Sölve arrived at Sigtuna (Old Sigtuna ) and ordered the Swedes to accept him as king. The Swedes refused and gathered an army that fought against Sölve and his men, but they lost after eleven days. The Swedes had to accept him as king for a while until they rebelled and killed him.
Thorsteins saga Víkingssonar makes Eysteinn the father of Anund and grandfather of Ingjald and consequently skips Ingvar's generation. It adds a second son to Eysteinn named Olaf, who was the king of Fjordane in Norway .
Eysteinn married
+ 190 M i. Ingvar "the Tall" Eysteinsson King in Sweden 174 died about 620.
21st Generation 144. Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England 124 was born about Sep 1068 in Selby, Yorkshire, England and died on 1 Dec 1135 in St. Denis-le-Fermont, France about age 67. Other names for Henry were Henry I King of England, and Henry I Beauclerc King of England.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots line 124-25 has b. 1070.
Research Notes: Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Noted events in his life were:
• King of England: 1100-1135.
Henry married Matilda of Scotland on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey, London, England, daughter of Malcolm III Canmore King of Scots and St. Margaret of Scotland. Matilda was born in 1079 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland and died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 39. Other names for Matilda were Edith of Scotland, and Maud of Scotland.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 191 F i. EmpressMatilda Countess of Anjou 175 was born between 1102 and 1104 and died on 10 Sep 1167.
Henry next married
+ 192 F i. Maud Princess of England 7 was born about 1091 in England.
Henry next married Adeliza of Louvain in 1120, daughter of Godfrey I of Leuven and Ida of Chiny and Namur. Adeliza was born about 1103 and was buried on 23 Apr 1151 in Abbey of Affligem. Another name for Adeliza was Adela of Louvain.
Henry next married Sybilla Corbet of Alcester.176 Sybilla was born in 1077 in Alcester, Warwickshire, England and died after 1157.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 193 M i. Robert de Caen 1st Earl of Gloucester 177 178 179 was born about 1090 in <Caen, Normandy, France>, died on 31 Oct 1147 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England about age 57, and was buried in St. James Priory, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England.
Henry had a relationship with Elizabeth de Beaumont.,180 daughter of Robert I de Beaumont and Unknown. This couple did not marry.
+ 194 F i. Elizabeth Princess of England 181 182 was born about 1095 in <Talby, Yorkshire, England>.
145. Adela of Normandy 125 was born in 1062 and died in 1137 at age 75.
Adela married Stephen of Blois, Count of Blois 183 about 1080.
Noted events in his life were:
• Leader of the First Crusade:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 195 M i. Stephen of Blois, King of England 184 was born in 1096 and died on 25 Oct 1154 at age 58.
146. Gertrude of Flanders 128 was born about 1070 and died in 1117 about age 47.
Gertrude married Thierry II Duke of Lorraine.,186 son of Gerard IV Count of Alsace, Duke of Upper Lorraine and Hedwig of Namur. Thierry died in 1115. Another name for Thierry was Dietrich II Duke of Lorraine.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 197 M i. Thierry I of Lorraine, Count of Flanders 187 died on 17 Jan 1168.
147. Henry I Duke of Bavaria 131 was born in 1074 and died on 13 Dec 1126 at age 52.
Henry married Wulfhilda of Saxony 188 between 1095 and 1100, daughter of Magnus Duke of Saxony and Sophia. Wulfhilda was born about 1075 and died on 29 Dec 1126 about age 51.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 198 F i. Judith of Bavaria was born in 1100 and died in 1130 at age 30.
148. Aelis de Dammartin 105 was born about 1084 in Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne, France.
Aelis married Aubrey de Mello 105 about 1104, son of Gilbert Baron of Mello and Unknown. Aubrey was born about 1080 in <Mello, Oise>, France. Another name for Aubrey was Aubrey de Mello.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 199 M i. Alberic I Count of Dammartin 105 was born about 1110 in <Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died in 1183 about age 73.
149. Isabel de Vermandois Countess of Leicester 132 135 was born about 1081 in <Valois, Île-de-France, France>, died on 13 Feb 1131 in England about age 50, and was buried in Lewes, Sussex, England. Other names for Isabel were Elizabeth de Vermandois, Isabella de Vermandois, and Isabel de Vermandois.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1085 in Valois, France
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 83-24, 52-24, 50-24
From: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Elizabeth de Vermandois, or Elisabeth or Isabel de Vermandois (c. 1081 -13 February 1131 ), is a fascinating figure about whose descendants and ancestry much is known and about whose character and life relatively little is known. She was twice married to influential Anglo-Norman magnates, and had several children (among whose descendants are numbered many kings and some queens of England and Scotland). Her Capetian and Carolingian ancestry was a source of much pride for some of these descendants (who included these arms as quarterings in their coats-of-arms[1] ). However, the lady herself led a somewhat controversial life.
Family
Elizabeth de Vermandois was the third daughter of Hugh Magnus and Adele of Vermandois. Her paternal grandparents were Henry I of France and Anne of Kiev . Her maternal grandparents were Herbert IV of Vermandois and Adele of Vexin .
Her mother was the heiress of the county of Vermandois, and descendant of a junior patrilineal line of descent from Charlemagne . The first Count of Vermandois was Pepin of Vermandois . He was a son of Bernard of Italy , grandson of Pippin of Italy and great-grandson of Charlemagne and Hildegard .
As such, Elizabeth had distinguished ancestry and connections. Her father was a younger brother of Philip I of France and her mother was among the last Carolingians . She was also distantly related to the Kings of England , the Dukes of Normandy , the Counts of Flanders and through her Carolingian ancestors to practically every major nobleman in Western Europe .
Countess of Leicester
In 1096, while under age (and probably aged 9 or 11), Elizabeth married Robert de Meulan, 1st Earl of Leicester . Meulan was over 35 years her senior, which was an unusual age difference even for this time period. He was a nobleman of some significance in France, having inherited lands from his maternal uncle Henry, Count of Meulan, and had fought bravely and with distinction at his first battle, the Battle of Hastings in 1066 then aged only 16. His parents Roger de Beaumont , Lord of Beaumont-le-Roger and Pont-Audemar and Adeline of Meulan , heiress of Meulan had died long before; Roger had been a kinsman and close associate of William the Conqueror . Meulan had inherited lands in Normandy after his father died circa 1089, and had also been given lands in the Kingdom of England after his participation in the Norman conquest of England . However, at the time of the marriage, he held no earldom in England while his younger brother was already styled Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick .
Planche states that the bride (Elizabeth) agreed willingly to the marriage, although this means little in the context. Despite the immense age difference, this was a good marriage for its times. Meulan was a respected advisor to three reigning monarchs: William II of England ), Robert Curthose of Normandy and Philip I of France .
According to Middle Ages custom, brides were often betrothed young - 8 being the legal age for betrothal and 12 for marriage (for women). The young betrothed wife would often go to her husband's castle to be raised by his parents or other relatives and to learn the customs and ways of her husband's family. The actual wedding would not take place until much later. Some genealogists speculate that the usual age at which a noble bride could expect the marriage to be consummated would be 14. This is consistent with the date of birth of Elizabeth's first child Emma in 1102 when she would be about 15 to 17.
The marriage produced several children, including most notably two sons who were twins (born 1104 ), and thus remarkable in both surviving and both becoming important noblemen. They are better known to historians of this period as the Beaumont twins, or as Waleran de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and his younger twin Robert Bossu (the Humpback) or Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester . (Readers of Ellis Peters' Cadfael historical mystery series will find both twins mentioned frequently).
Another notable child of this marriage was Elisabeth or Isabel de Beaumont, one of the youngest mistresses of Henry I of England and later mother (by her first marriage) of Richard Strongbow .
Some contemporaries were surprised that the aging Count of Meulan (b circa 1049/1050) was able to father so many children, given how busy he was with turmoil in England and Normandy from 1102 to 1110 (or later) and acting as Henry I's unofficial minister. One explanation is offered below; another might simply be an indication of his good health and energy (expended mostly in dashing from one troublespot in Normandy to England back to Normandy).
William II of England died suddenly in a purported hunting accident, and was hastily succeeded not by the expected heir but by the youngest brother Henry . This seizure of the throne led to an abortive invasion by the older brother Duke Robert of Normandy, followed by an uneasy truce between the brothers, followed by trouble in both England and Normandy for some time (stirred up by Duke Robert, and by an exiled nobleman Robert of Bellęme, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury ). Finally, Henry invaded Normandy and in the Battle of Tinchebray (September 28 , 1106 ) destroyed organized opposition to his takeover of Normandy and imprisoned his ineffectual older brother for his lifetime. Meulan and his brother Warwick were apparently supporters of Henry during this entire period, and Meulan was rewarded with the earldom of Leicester in 1103 . By 1107, Meulan was in possession of substantial lands in three domains. In 1111, he was able to revenge himself on the attack on his seat Meulan by Louis VI of France . He avenged himself by harrying Paris .
Countess of Surrey
Elizabeth, Countess of Meulan apparently tired of her aging husband at some point during the marriage. The historian Planche says (1874) that the Countess was seduced by or fell in love with a younger nobleman, William de Warenne (c. 1071 -11 May 1138 ) himself the thwarted suitor of Edith of Scotland , Queen consort of Henry I of England. Warenne, whose mother Gundred has been alleged (in modern times) to be the Conqueror's daughter and stepdaughter by some genealogists, was said to want a royal bride, and Elizabeth fitted his requirements, even though she was also another man's wife.
In 1115, the Countess was apparently carried off or abducted by Warenne, which abduction apparently concealed a long-standing affair. There was some kind of separation or divorce between Meulan and his wife, which however did not permit her to marry her lover. The elderly Count of Meulan died, supposedly of chagrin and mortification in being thus publicly humiliated, in the Abbey of Preaux, Normandy on 5 June 1118 , leaving his properties to his two elder sons whom he had carefully educated.
Elizabeth married, secondly, William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey , sometime after the death of her first husband. By him, it is alleged, she already had several children (all born during her marriage to Meulan). She also had at least one daughter born while she was living out of wedlock with Warenne (1115-1118). It is unclear whether this daughter was Ada de Warenne, wife of Henry of Scotland or Gundrede de Warenne, wife of Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick (her half-brothers' first cousin).
The later life of Elizabeth de Vermandois is not known. Her sons by her first marriage appear to have a good relationship with their half-brother William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey although on opposing sides for much of the wars between Stephen and Matilda . Her eldest son Waleran, Count of Meulan was active in supporting the disinherited heir William Clito , son of Robert Curthose until captured by King Henry. He was not released until Clito's death without issue in 1128. Her second son Robert inherited his father's English estates and the earldom of Leicester and married the heiress of the Fitzosbern counts of Breteuil. Her daughter Isabel however became a king's concubine or mistress at a young age; it is unclear whether her mother's own life or her eldest brother's political and personal travails in this period played any part in this decision. Before her mother died, Isabel had become wife of Gilbert de Clare , later (1147) Earl of Pembroke, so had adopted a more conventional life like her mother.
There are no known biographies of Elizabeth de Vermandois, nor any known fictional treatments of her life.
Children and descendants
During her first marriage (1096-1115) to Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan (d 5 June 1118), Elizabeth had 3 sons (including twin elder sons) and 6 daughters:
In her second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
The second earl had married Isabella, daughter of Hugh, Count of Vermandois, widow of Robert de Beaumont, earl of Leicester. The arms of Warenne "checky or and azure" were adopted from the Vermandois coat after this marriage.
The original Vermandois arms were "checky or and sable" but there was no black tincture in early medieval heraldry until sable was discovered, being the crushed fur of this animal. A very deep indigo was used instead which faded into blue so the Vermandois arms becams "checky argent and or".
The Vermandois arms were inherited by the earls of Warenne and Surrey, the Newburgh earls of Warwick, the Beauchamp earls of Warwick and Worcester and the Clifford earls of Cumberland.
Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis, Lines: 50-24, 50-25, 53-24, 66-25, 84-25, 88-25, 89-25, 140-24, 170-23 184-4, 215-24
134
Isabel married Sir Robert de Beaumont 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan 2 189 190 between 1096 and 1101, son of Roger de Beaumont Lord of Beaumont-le-Roger and Pont-Audemer and Adeline of Meulan. The marriage ended in divorce. Robert was born about 1049 in Pont-Audemer, Beaumont, Normandy, France, died on 5 Jun 1118 in Leicestershire, England about age 69, and was buried in Preaux, Normandy, France. Another name for Robert was Robert de Meulan.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 53-24 has m. 1096. Wikipedia has m. abt. 1101.
Noted events in their marriage were:
• Betrothal: to Robert de Meulan, 1096.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 200 M i. Sir Robert de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester 2 191 192 was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. (Relationship to Father:Biological, Relationship to Mother:Biological)
201 F ii. Emma de Beaumont was born in 1102.
+ 202 M iii. Waleran IV de Beaumont Count of Meulan 89 193 was born in 1104 in <Meulan, Île-de-France>, France, died on 10 Apr 1166 in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France at age 62, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France.
203 M iv. Hugh de Beaumont 1st Earl of Bedford was born about 1106.
204 M v. Adeline de Beaumont was born about 1107.
205 F vi. Aubree de Beaumont was born about 1109.
206 F vii. Maud de Beaumont was born about 1111.
207 F viii. Isabel de Beaumont was born after 1102.
Isabel married Gilbert de Clare 1st Earl of Pembroke, son of Gilbert Fitz Richard Earl of Clare and Lord of Tonbridge and Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis. Gilbert was born about 1100 and died 6 Jan 1147 or 1148 about age 47.
Isabel next married William II de Warenne 2nd Earl of Surrey 134 194 195 after 1118, son of William de Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey and Gundred Countess of Surrey. William was born about 1065 in <Sussex, England>, died on 11 May 1138 in <England> about age 73, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England. Other names for William were William Earl of Warren and Surrey, William Earl Warenne, and William Earl of Warenne.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 208 M i. William de Warenne 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne 196 was born in 1118 and died in 1148 at age 30.
+ 209 F ii. Ada de Warenne 132 195 197 died about 1178.
210 M iii. Reginald de Warenne .
+ 212 F v. Gundred de Warenne 198 199 was born about 1117 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England, died after 1165 in Warwickshire, England, and was buried in Kelso, Roxburgh, Scotland.
+ 213 M vi. Sir Robert de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester 2 191 192 was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. (Relationship to Father:Step, Relationship to Mother:Biological)
158. Henry of Burgundy, Count of Portugal 105 136 137 was born in 1069 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 1 Nov 1112 at age 43. Other names for Henry were Henri of Burgundy, Count of Portugal, Henrique of Burgundy, Count of Portugal, Henry I de Bourgogne, and Henry I Count of Portugal.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Henry, Count of Portugal :
Henry of Burgundy, Count of Portugal (1066 -1112 ) was Count of Portugal from 1093 to his death. He was the son of Henry of Burgundy , heir of Robert I, Duke of Burgundy , and brother of Hugh I, Duke of Burgundy and Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy . His name is Henri in modern French , Henricus in Latin , Enrique in modern Spanish and Henrique in modern Portuguese . He was a distant cousin of Raymond of Burgundy and Pope Callistus II .
As a younger son, Henry had little chances of acquiring fortune and titles by inheritance, thus he joined the Reconquista against the Moors in the Iberian Peninsula . He helped king Alfonso VI of Castile and León conquer modern Galicia and the north of Portugal and in reward he married Alfonso's daughter Theresa, Countess of Portugal in 1093 , receiving the County of Portugal , then a fiefdom of the Kingdom of León , as a dowry .
From Teresa, Henry had three sons and three daughters. The only son to survive childhood was Afonso Henriques , who became the second Count of Portugal in 1112. However, the young man Afonso was energetic and expanded his dominions at the expense of Muslims . In 1139 , he declared himself King of Portugal after reneging the subjugation to León, in open confrontation with his mother. Two daughters also survived childhood, Urraca and Sancha. Urraca Henriques married a Bermudo Peres de Trava, Count of Trastamara. Sancha Henriques married a nobleman, Sancho Nunes de Celanova.
Henry married Theresa of Leon and Castile 105 in 1093, daughter of Alfonso VI "the Brave" of Castile, King of Castile and Leon and Ximena Nunia de Guzman. Theresa was born about 1070 in <Toledo, Castile>, Spain and died on 1 Nov 1130 about age 60. Another name for Theresa was Teresa Alfonsez of Léon and Castile.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 214 M i. Afonso I King of Portugal 200 201 was born on 25 Jul 1109 in Viseu, Viseu, Portugal, died on 6 Dec 1185 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 76, and was buried in Santa Cruz Monastery, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
165. Beatrice of Burgundy 138 died after 1110.
Beatrice married Guy III de Vignory Seigneur de Vignory 202 after 1082, son of Guy II "le Rouge" de Vignory and Hildegarde de Bar-sur-Aube. Guy died 1125 or 1126.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 215 F i. Adélarde de Vignory 203 died after 1140.
166. Urraca of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon 61 141 142 was born about 1082 in <Burgos, Castile>, Spain and died on 8 Mar 1126 in Saldana, Palencia, Spain about age 44. Other names for Urraca were Urraca I Queen of Léon and Castile, and Urraca Alfonsez of Castile and Léon.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Urraca of León and Castile :
Urraca of León (1078 - March 8 , 1126 ) was Queen of León and Castile from 1109 to her death. She was the first woman ever to reign in a western European monarchy. Urraca was the daughter of Alfonso VI of León by his second wife, Constance of Burgundy . She became heiress to her father's kingdom after her only brother was killed in the Battle of Uclés (1108) .
In childhood, she was betrothed to and later married Raymond of Burgundy who died in September 1107. They had two children: the Infante Alfonso Raimúndez (born 1104) and the Infanta Sancha (born before 1095). The widow Urraca was now ruler of Galicia, and as She her father's only surviving legitimate child, she could claim to be heiress of the reign of Castile. King Alfonso VI of León selected the king of Navarre and Aragon, Alfonso I of Aragon as her husband. They had hoped for an alliance that would safeguard the kingdom, since Alfonso was renowned as a great warrior. However, the marriage proved barren and turned exceedingly bitter. According to the chronicler Ibn al-Athir , Alfonso once remarked that "a real soldier lives with men, not with women".
Urraca and Alfonso of Aragon were also second cousins, and Bernard, Archbishop of Toledo , objected to the marriage on these grounds and condemned it as consanguineous . Nevertheless, Urraca and Alfonso were married in October 1109 in Monzón . Their inability to produce a child created a rift, and Urraca accused Alfonso of being physically abusive to her. The royal couple were soon separated. By October of 1110 or 1111, her supporters fought a battle against Alfonso's forces at Candespina , in which her premier nobleman and former aspirant to her hand, count Gómez González , was killed. A further defeat was inflicted at Viadangos , at which Pedro Froilaz de Traba was captured. Their marriage was annulled in 1114. Urraca never remarried, though she took as lover another powerful nobleman, count Pedro González de Lara.
Urraca's reign was disturbed by strife among the powerful nobles and especially by constant warfare with her husband who had seized her lands. Another thorn on her side was her brother-in-law, Henry , the husband of her half-sister Teresa of Leon . He alternatively allied with Alfonso I of Aragon , then betrayed Alfonso for a better offer from Urraca's court. After Henry's death in 1112, his widow, Teresa, still contested ownership of lands with Urraca. With the aid of her son, Alfonso Raimúndez, Urraca was able to win back much of her domain and ruled successfully for many years.
According to the Chronicon Compostellanum , Urraca died in childbirth in 1126. The supposed father was her lover, Count Pedro González of Lara. However the author of the chronicles was openly hostile to the adulterous queen, and the historian Reilly notes that a pregnancy was unlikely at the queen's age of 48. She was succeeded by her legitimate son, Alfonso VII .
Illegitimate children
Besides her two legitimate children by Raymond of Burgundy, Urraca also had an illegitimate son by her lover, Pedro González de Lara. She recognized their son, Fernando Perez Furtado , in 1123.
Noted events in her life were:
• Queen of Léon and Castile: 1109-1126.
Urraca married Raymond of Burgundy, Count of Amous 150 151 about 1087 in Toledo, Castile, Spain, son of Guillaume I de Bourgogne and Stephanie de Longwy. Raymond was born about 1060 in <Dijon>, France and died on 26 Mar 1107 in Grajal do Campos, Léon, Spain about age 47. Other names for Raymond were Raimundo of Burgundy, and Raymond de Bourgogne.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 216 M i. Alfonso VII King of Castile and Léon 61 204 205 was born on 1 Mar 1105 in Toledo, Castile, Spain, died on 21 Aug 1157 in La Fresneda, Teruel, Aragon, Spain at age 52, and was buried in Catedral De Toledo, Toledo, Castile.
217 F ii. InfantaSancha was born before 1095.
167. Adele de Roucy 145 146 was born about 1014 in <Roucy, Aisne, France> and died about 1062 about age 48. Other names for Adele were Adela de Roucy, Alice de Roucy, and Alix de Roucy.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-23 (Adelaide of Namur)
Adele married Hilduin III de Rameru Count of Montdidier 206 207 about 1031, son of Hilduin II de Rameru and Unknown. Hilduin was born between 1010 and 1021 in <Montdidier, Somme, France> and died about 1063. Another name for Hilduin was Hilduin IV de Rameru Count of Montdidier, Count of Roucy.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Roucy: 1032.
• Lord of Rameru: 1061.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 218 F i. Adela de Rameru .
+ 219 F ii. Beatrix de Mondidier 208 died 2 Sep aft 1129.
+ 220 F iii. Margaret de Rameru 209 210 was born between 1045 and 1050 in <Montdidier, Somme, France> and died in 1110.
+ 221 M iv. Andre I de Rameru and d'Arcis-sur-Aube 211 died in 1118.
168. Ranulph II Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy 7 147 148 was born about 1048 in <Normandy, France> and died after Apr 1089. Other names for Ranulph were Ranulf de Briquessart, and Ranulf de Meschines Vicomte de Bayeux.
Research Notes: Adult by 1066
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132B-25
--------
From Wikipedia - Ranulf de Briquessart :
Ranulf de Briquessart[1] or Ranulf the Viscount (died c. 1089 or soon after) was an 11th century Norman magnate and viscount . Ranulf's family were connected to the House of Normandy by marriage, and, besides Odo , bishop of Bayeux , was the most powerful magnate in the Bessin region.[2] He married Margaret, daughter of Richard Goz, viscount of the Avranchin , whose son and successor Hugh d'Avranches became Earl of Chester in England c. 1070.[3]
Ranulf is probably the "Ranulf the viscount" who witnessed a charter of William , Duke of Normandy , at Caen on 17 June 1066.[4] Ranulf helped preside over a judgement in the curia of King William (as duke) in 1076 in which a disputed mill was awarded to the Abbey of Mont St. Michael .[5] On 14 July 1080 he witnessed a charter to the Abbey of Lessay (in the diocese of Coutances ), another in the same year addressed to Remigius de Fécamp bishop of Lincoln in favour of the Abbey of Préaux .[6] and one more in the same period, 1079 x 1082, to the Abbey of St Stephen of Caen .[7] His name is attached to a memorandum in 1085, and on 24 April 1089 he witnessed a confirmation of Robert Curthose , Duke of Normandy and Count of Maine to St Mary of Bayeaux, where he appears below his son in the witness list.[8]
He probably died sometime after this. His son Ranulf le Meschin became ruler of Cumberland and later Earl of Chester.[9] The Durham Liber Vitae , c. 1098 x 1120, shows that his eldest son was one Richard, who died in youth, and that he had another son named William.[10] He also had a daughter called Agnes, who later married Robert de Grandmesnil (died 1136).[9]
Noted events in his life were:
• Adult: by 1066.
• Living: 1089.
Ranulph married Maud d'Avranches.,7 212 daughter of Richard le Goz Vicomte d'Avranches and Emma. Maud was born about 1054 in <Avranches, Normandy, France>. Other names for Maud were Margaret d'Avranches, and Maud de Abrincis.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 222 M i. William le Meschin Lord of Skipton-in-Craven, Yorkshire 7 213 214 was born about 1100 in <Gernon Castle, Normandy, France>.
+ 223 M ii. Ranulf le Meschin 3rd Earl of Chester 7 215 216 217 was born about 1070 in <Briquessart, Livry, France>, died about 1129 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 59, and was buried in St Werburgh, Chester, Cheshire, England.
169. Raymond of Burgundy, Count of Amous 150 151 was born about 1060 in <Dijon>, France and died on 26 Mar 1107 in Grajal do Campos, Léon, Spain about age 47. Other names for Raymond were Raimundo of Burgundy, and Raymond de Bourgogne.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1065
Death Notes: Wikipedia has d. September 1107. FamilySearch has d. 24 Mar 1107.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Raymond of Burgundy :
Raymond of Burgundy (Spanish and Portuguese : Raimundo) was the fourth son of William I, Count of Burgundy and was Count of Amous . He came to the Iberian Peninsula for the first time during the period 1086-1087 with Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy . He came for the second time (1090) to marry Urraca of Castile , eventual heiress of Alfonso VI of Castile , King of León and Castile .
He came with his cousin Henry of Burgundy , who married the other daughter of Alfonso VI, Teresa of León (or Portugal ). By his marriage Raymond received the County of Galicia , the County of Portugal and the County of Coimbra . The last two were later offered to Henry of Burgundy, father of the first Portuguese King Afonso I Henriques of Portugal .
He was succeeded by his son:
Raymond married Urraca of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon 61 141 142 about 1087 in Toledo, Castile, Spain, daughter of Alfonso VI "the Brave" of Castile, King of Castile and Leon and Constance of Burgundy. Urraca was born about 1082 in <Burgos, Castile>, Spain and died on 8 Mar 1126 in Saldana, Palencia, Spain about age 44. Other names for Urraca were Urraca I Queen of Léon and Castile, and Urraca Alfonsez of Castile and Léon.
Noted events in her life were:
• Queen of Léon and Castile: 1109-1126.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 166)
170. Gisele of Burgundy 105 152 was born about 1070 in <Bourgogne, Champagne, France> and died after 1133. Other names for Gisele were Gille de Bourgogne, and Gisela de Bourgogne.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1060 in Bourgogne
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. after 1133
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 101-24 (Louis VI) and line 274A-24 (Humbert II).
Gisele married Humbert II "Le Renforcé" Count of Maurienne and Savoy 61 218 about 1090, son of Amadeus II Count of Maurienne and Savoy, Margrave of Susa and Jeanne of Geneva. Humbert was born about 1062 in <Savoie>, France, died on 14 Oct 1103 about age 41, and was buried on 19 Oct 1103.
Noted events in his life were:
• Marquis of Turin:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 224 F i. Adelaide of Savoy was born about 1092 and died on 1 Aug 1154 about age 62.
+ 225 M ii. Amadeus III Count of Savoy, Maurienne and Turin was born about 1095 in <Savoie>, France and died on 30 Aug 1148 in Cyprus about age 53.
171. Sibylle of Burgundy-Ivrea 153 died after 1103. Another name for Sibylle was Matilda of Burgundy-Ivrea.
Sibylle married Eudes I Duke of Burgundy 219 in 1080. Eudes died on 23 Mar 1103 in Cilicia.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 226 F i. Hélie of Burgundy 220 was born in 1080 and died on 28 Feb 1142 at age 62.
172. Ermentrude of Burgundy 74 154 was born about 1060 in Burgundy, France and died after 8 Mar 1105.
Ermentrude married Thierry I Count of Montbéliard & Bar-le-Duc 74 221 in 1076, son of Louis Count of Montbéliard and Sophia Countess of Bar-le-Duc. Thierry was born about 1045 in <Bar-le-Duc, Meuse>, France and died on 2 Jan 1105 about age 60. Another name for Thierry was Dietrich I Count of Montbéliard & Bar-le-Duc.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 227 M i. Renaud I Count of Mousson, Count of Bar-le-Duc 74 222 was born about 1077 in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, France and died on 10 Mar 1149 about age 72.
173. Judith of Lens 48 155 156 was born in 1054 in <Lens, Artois>, France. Another name for Judith was Judith of Boulogne.
Research Notes: Who was her father? According to Wikipedia (Waltheof, Earl of Northumberland), her father was Lambert II, Count of Lens. Niece of William the Conqueror, according to Magna Charta Barons, p. 81.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 130-25, also 98A-23. From note for Line 148-22 (after 22. Lambert of Boulogne): "Judith of Lens (Gen. 23 in previous editions) appears to have been Adelaide's child by her first marriage to Enguerrand II. See Judith of Lens (130-25, 98A-23) for her descendants.)
Judith married Waltheof II Earl of Northumberland 48 155 223 in 1070 in Artois, France, son of Sigurd Earl of Northumberland and Aelfflaed of Bernicia. Waltheof was born in 1050, died on 31 May 1076 in Winchester, [Hampshire, ] England at age 26, and was buried in Chapter House of Croyland Abbey, Winchester, Hampshire, England.
Noted events in his life were:
• Earl of Northampton:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 228 F i. Maud of Huntingdon 195 224 was born in 1072 and died 1130 or 1131 at age 58.
+ 229 F ii. Alice Huntingdon 48 155 was born about 1085 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died after 1126.
174. Gilbert Fitz Richard Earl of Clare and Lord of Tonbridge 159 160 161 162 was born about 1060 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died 1114 or 1117 in <England> about age 54. Other names for Gilbert were Gilbert FitzRichard de Clare, and Gilbert FitzRichard de Clare.
Birth Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019557.htm has b. 1065
Death Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019557.htm has d. 1114
Research Notes: Lord of Clare, Tonbridge, and Cardigan, Wales; or Earl of Clare, Lord of Tonbridge and Cardigan.
Source: Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere II
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 246-24 (Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis) and line 184-3
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Clare, Suffolk & Cardan, Wales:
Gilbert married Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 225 226 in 1090, daughter of Hugh de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis and Margaret de Rameru. Adelaide was born about 1058 in <Northamptonshire, England> and died in <England>. Other names for Adelaide were Adeliza de Clermont, and Adeliza de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis.
Marriage Notes: FamilySearch has m. bef. 1076 in England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 230 F i. Adeliza de Clare 227 228 was born between 1066 and 1080 in <Essex, England> and died in 1163 in <Clare, Suffolk, England>.
231 M ii. Gilbert de Clare 1st Earl of Pembroke was born about 1100 and died 6 Jan 1147 or 1148 about age 47.
Gilbert married Isabel de Beaumont, daughter of Sir Robert de Beaumont 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan and Isabel de Vermandois Countess of Leicester. Isabel was born after 1102.
232 M iii. Baldwin Fitz Gilbert de Clare Lord of Bourne, Deeping and Skellingthorpe died in 1154.
+ 233 M iv. Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare Lord of Clare, Suffolk 33 229 230 was born between 1084 and 1090 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England, was christened in Clare, Suffolk, England, died on 15 Apr 1136 near Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, England, and was buried in Gloucester.
+ 234 F v. Rohese Fitz Richard 162 was born about 1090 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died in 1149 in England about age 59.
176. Rohese FitzRichard de Clare 33 167 was born about 1055 in Tunbridge, Kent, England and died in 1121 in England about age 66. Other names for Rohese were Rohese de Clare, Rohesia de Clare, and Rohese FitzRichard de Clare.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1067, Tunbridge, Kent, England.
Rohese married Eudo de Rie.,33 231 son of Hubert de Rie and Unknown. Eudo was born about 1047 in <Normandy, France> and died after 12 Jul 1080. Another name for Eudo was Eudea De Rie.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 235 F i. Margaret de Rie 33 232 was born in 1065 in <Rycott, Oxford>, England and died in <England>.
177. Bertrade de Montfort died in 1117. Another name for Bertrade was Beatrice de Montfort.
Research Notes: 5th wife of Fulk IV.
Bertrade married Fulk IV "Rechin" Count of Anjou 233 in 1089, son of Aubri-Geoffrey Count of the Gâtinais and Ermengarde of Anjou. Fulk was born in 1043 in Anjou, France and died on 14 Apr 1109 at age 66.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 236 M i. Fulk V "the Young" Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem 234 was born in 1092 in Anjou, France and died on 10 Nov 1144 in Jerusalem, Palestine at age 52.
178. Amaury de Montfort 89 was born about 1070 in <Montfort Amaury, Île-de-France, France> and died in 1137 about age 67.
Amaury married Agnes de Garlende 89 in 1120 in Garlende, France, daughter of Anselm de Garlende and < > de Montlhéry. Agnes was born about 1095 in <Garlende>, France. Another name for Agnes was Agnes de Garlende.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 237 F i. Agnes de Montfort 89 was born about 1123 in <Montfort-de-Risle, Eure>, France and died on 15 Dec 1181 about age 58.
179. Sibyl de Neufmarché 58 170 was born about 1096 in <Aberconwy, Wales> and died after 1143 in Gloucestershire, England.
Sibyl married Miles of Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford 58 235 236 in 1121, son of Walter FitzRoger of Gloucester and Bertha. Miles was born about 1100 in <Gloucester, Gloucestershire, > England, died on 24 Dec 1143 about age 43, and was buried in Llanthony Priory, Monmouthshire, Wales. Other names for Miles were Miles de Gloucester 1st Earl of Hereford, and Milo de Gloucester 1st Earl of Hereford.
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord High Constable of England: 1130-1135.
• Lord of Brecknock:
• Created: Earl of Hereford, 1141.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 238 F i. Margaret of Hereford 237 died in 1146.
+ 239 F ii. Bertha of Hereford 58 236 238 was born about 1130 in <Gloucester, Gloucestershire, > England.
240 M iii. Richard FitzMiles 2nd Earl of Hereford .236
241 M iv. Walter de Hereford died after 1159 in Palestine.
Noted events in his life were:
• Sheriff of Gloucester: 1155-1157.
• Sheriff of Hereford: 1155-1159.
242 M v. Henry FitzMiles died on 12 Apr 1165. Another name for Henry was Henry of Hereford.
243 M vi. William de Hereford 236 died before 1160.
244 M vii. Mahel de Hereford 236 died in Oct 1165 in Bronllys Castle, Breconshire, Wales and was buried in Llanthony Priory, Wales.
245 F viii. Maud of Hereford .239
246 F ix. Lucy of Gloucester .236
180. Somerled I Gillebrideson 3 was born about 1030 in <Scotland>.
Somerled married
+ 247 M i. Imergi Somerledson 3 was born about 1050 in <Scotland>.
181. Haakon Paalsson 7 was born about 1070 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1122 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 52. Another name for Haakon was Haco Paalsson.
Haakon married Helga Maddannsdatter 7 about 1103 in Orkney Islands, Scotland, daughter of Moddan Earl of Caithness and Unknown. Helga was born about 1080 in <Caithness, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 248 F i. Ingebiorg Hakonsdatter 7 was born about 1106 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
182. Robert de Brusse 92 was born about 1036 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died between 1080 and 1098.
Robert married Emma de Brittany.,92 daughter of Alan Count of Brittany and Unknown. Emma was born about 1034 in Brittany, (France) and died about 1094 about age 60.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 249 M i. Adam Brus 92 was born about 1051 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died between 1080 and 1098.
183. Ralph de Gael 1st Earl of Norfolk, Suffolk & Cambridge .171 172 Another name for Ralph is Ralph de Gauder.
Noted events in his life were:
• Seigneur of Montfort de Gael:
• Unknown:
Ralph married Emma.,240 daughter of William Fitz Osbern Earl of Hereford and Unknown.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 250 M i. Ralph de Gael de Montfort 241 was born about 1078 in Montfort, Normandy, France.
184. Roger de Toeni de Conches 48 was born about 1104 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died before 1162. Another name for Roger was Roger de Conches.
Roger married Ida of Hainault.162 Ida was born about 1109 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England. Other names for Ida were Gertrude of Hainault, and Ida de Hainault.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 251 M i. Ralph de Toeni de Conches 48 was born about 1130 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1162 about age 32.
185. Ragnhild Haakonsdatter 7 was born about 1044 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
Ragnhild married Paul Thorfinnsson Jarl of Orkney and Caithness.,7 son of Thorfinn II "the Black" Sigurdsson Earl of Orkney and Ingeborg Finnsdatter. Paul was born about 1040 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1103 in Bergen, Hordaland, Norway about age 63. Another name for Paul was Paal Thorfinnsson Jarl of Orkney and Caithness.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 135)
186. Thorstein "the Red" Olafsson 3 was born about 858 in <Dublin, Dublin, Ireland> and died in 888 in Hvammi, Dala, Iceland about age 30.
Thorstein married Thurid Eyvindsdatter 7 about 868 in Dala, Iceland, daughter of Eyvind "the Easterling" Bjarnasson and Rafertach MacCearbhall. Thurid was born about 847 in <Amle, Sogn Og Fjordane, Norway>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 252 F i. Groa Thorsteinsdatter 3 was born about 873 in <Hvammi, Dala, Iceland>.
187. Svend I "Forked Beard" King of Denmark, Norway and England 48 was born about 960 in Denmark, died on 2 Feb 1014 in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, England about age 54, and was buried in Hellig Trefoldigheds Kirke, Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark. Another name for Svend was Sveyn "Forkbeard."
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - "Sveyn Forkbeard . Born about 960. Usually given as the son of Harald and Gyrid, though it is said in some of the older sagas that he was an illegitimate son."
Svend married Swietoslava 48 in 998, daughter of Mieszko Prince of Poland and Dbubravka Princess of Bohemia. Swietoslava was born about 970 in <Poznan, Poznan>, Poland and died after 2 Feb 1014. Another name for Swietoslava was Sygryda.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 253 F i. Estrid Svensdatter Princess of Denmark 48 was born about 997 in Denmark and was buried in Cathedral, Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark.
188. Thyra Haraldsdatter Queen of Norway 48 was born about 947 in <Denmark> and died on 18 Sep 1000 in Norway about age 53.
Thyra married Styrbjorn "the Strong" Olafsson Prince of Sweden.,48 son of Olof "Mitkg" Bjornsson King of Sweden and Ingeberg Thrandsdotter. Styrbjorn was born about 903 in Sweden and died in 985 in Fyrisval, Uppsala, Sweden about age 82.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 254 M i. Thorgil "Sprakaleg" Styrjornsson 48 was born about 970 in <Uppsala, Uppsala>, Sweden.
189. Erik Edmundsson 48 was born about 849 in Sweden and died about 900 about age 51. Another name for Erik was Erik Emundsson.
Erik married
+ 255 M i. Bjorn "the Old" Eriksson King of Sweden 48 was born about 867 in <Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden> and died about 950 about age 83.
190. Ingvar "the Tall" Eysteinsson King in Sweden 174 died about 620. Other names for Ingvar were Ingvar King of Sweden, and Yngvar Harra King in Sweden.
Research Notes: Legendary king of Sweden.
From Wikipedia - Ingvar :
Ingvar or Yngvar Harra, Proto-Norse *Ingu-Hariz (d. early 7th century) was the son of Östen and reclaimed the Swedish throne for the House of Yngling after the Swedes had rebelled against Sölvi .
Snorri Sturluson relates in his Ynglinga saga that King Ingvar, Östen's son, was a great warrior who often spent time patrolling the shores of his kingdom fighting Danes and pirates from the east. King Ingvar finally came to a peace agreement with the Danes and could take care of the Estonian pirates .
He consequently started pillaging in Estonia in retribution, and one summer he arrived at a place called Stein (see also Sveigder ). The Estonians (sýslu kind) assembled a great army in the interior and attacked King Ingvar in a great battle. The Estonian forces were too powerful and Ingvar fell and the Swedish forces retreated. Ingvar was buried in a mound at a place called Stone or Hill fort (at Steini) on the shores of Estonia (Ađalsýsla).
Ingvar married
+ 256 M i. Anund "the Trail Blazer" King in Sweden 1 242 was born in Sweden.
22nd Generation 191. EmpressMatilda Countess of Anjou 175 was born between 1102 and 1104 and died on 10 Sep 1167. Another name for Matilda was Empress Maud Countess of Anjou.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots Line 1-23 has b. abt. 1102-1104; Line 118-25 has b. 1104.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008., Line 1-23
Some other source has b. Feb 1101
Matilda married Geoffrey V Plantagenet Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy 243 on 22 May 1127 in Le Mans, France, son of Fulk V "the Young" Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem and Erembourg Countess of Maine. Geoffrey was born on 24 Aug 1113 in Anjou, France, died on 7 Sep 1151 at age 38, and was buried in Le Mans, France. Other names for Geoffrey were Geoffrey V Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, and Geoffrey 'the Fair' Plantagenet Count of Anjou.
Marriage Notes: Marriage date may have been 3 April 1127 (Ancestral Roots Line 1-23). Line 118-25 (Geoffrey V) has m. 22 May 1127.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 257 M i. Henry II "Curtmantel" King of England was born on 5 Mar 1132 in Le Mans, France, died on 6 Jul 1189 at age 57, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France.
192. Maud Princess of England 7 was born about 1091 in England.
Research Notes: Illegitimate daughter of Henry I.
Maud married Conan III "le Gros" Duke of Bretagne 7 in Mar 1113 in England, son of Alan IV Fergent and Hermengarde Countess of Bretagne. Conan was born about 1096 in <Bretagne, France> and died on 17 Sep 1148 about age 52.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 258 F i. Constance Princess of Bretagne 7 was born about 1118 in <Bretagne, France>.
193. Robert de Caen 1st Earl of Gloucester 177 178 179 was born about 1090 in <Caen, Normandy, France>, died on 31 Oct 1147 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England about age 57, and was buried in St. James Priory, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England. Other names for Robert were Robert "the King's son" de Caen Earl of Gloucester, Robert de Caen "the Consul, and" Earl of Glouchester.
Research Notes: Natural son of Henry I. Half-brother of Empress Matilda.
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 123-26:
"ROBERT DE CAEN, Earl of Gloucester, 1122-1147 (natural son of Henry I, prob. by a NN dau. of the Gay or Gayt family of N. Oxfordshire... b. abt 1090, d. Bristol, 31 Oct. 1147, called 'the Consul'; m. Maud Fitz Hamon, dau. and h. of Robert Fitz Hamon, d. 1107, seigneur of Crelly in Calvados, Normandy, Lord of Thoringni, etc., and Sybil de Montgomery, dau. of Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury."
Also line 63-26 (Hawise de Beaumont)
--------
From Wikipedia - Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester :
Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester (c. 1090 - October 31 , 1147 ) was an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England , and one of the dominant figures of the period of English history sometimes called The Anarchy . He is also known as Robert of Caen, and Robert "the Consul", though both names are used by later historians and have little contemporary justification, other than the fact that Robert's clerks made a practice of using the Latin word consul rather than the more common comes for his title of 'Earl'.
Early life
Robert was the eldest of Henry's many illegitimate children. He was born well before his father's accession to the English throne, probably in the late 1080s, as he had himself had a son by 1104. There are numerous references noting him to have been the son of Sybil Corbet , heiress to Robert Corbet, Lord of Alcester, whose family had land in both England and Normandy. He was born in Caen, Normandy and was the first of several children between Henry and his Mistress Sybil Corbet. [1]
Robert was acknowledged at birth, though in view of the vicissitudes of his father's career between 1087 and 1096 it is unlikely he was raised in his household. He was educated to a high standard, was literate in Latin and had a serious interest in both history and philosophy, which indicates that he was at least partly raised in a clerical household, a suggestion made all the more likely as his first known child, born around 1104, was born to a daughter of Samson, Bishop of Worcester (died 1112) who up till 1096 had been a Royal Chaplain and Treasurer of Bayeux . It may be significant that his next brother Richard was brought up in an episcopal household, that of Robert Bloet , bishop of Lincoln . Robert later received dedications from both Geoffrey of Monmouth and William of Malmesbury . William's 'Historia Novella' contains a flattering portrait of the Earl.
Robert appears at court in Normandy in 1113, and in 1107 he had married Mabel, eldest daughter and heir of Robert Fitzhamon , who brought him the substantial honour of Gloucester in England, Glamorgan in Wales and the honours of Sainte-Scholasse-sur-Sarthe and Évrecy in Normandy, as well as Creully . In 1121 or 1122 his father created him Earl of Gloucester . Through his marriage to Mabel he became second Lord of Glamorgan, and gained possession of Cardiff Castle , and was responsible for the building of the stone keep there, which remains as the best preserved Norman shell keep in Wales, and one of the best in the British Isles. Robert had considerable authority and autonomy, to the extent that he even minted his own coinage, today preserved in the British Museum .
Family and children
He married, around 1107, Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester (died 1156), daughter of Robert Fitzhamon and Sibyl de Montgomery . Their children were:
William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester , died 1183. He married Hawise (died 1197) daughter of Robert II, Earl of Leicester.
Roger , Bishop of Worcester , (died 9 August 1179 , Tours ).
Hamon, killed at the siege of Toulouse in 1159.
Robert. (died before 1157) Also called Robert of Ilchester in documents. He married Hawise, (died after 1210) daughter of Baldwin de Redvers and Adeliz. Their daughter Mabel married Jordan de Cambernon .
Maud , (died 1190), wife of Ranulph de Gernon, 2nd Earl of Chester .
Philip, Castellan of Cricklade , (died after 1147). He took part in the Second Crusade .
Earl Robert had an illegitimate son, Richard, bishop of Bayeux (1135-1142), by Isabel de Douvres , sister of Richard de Douvres , bishop of Bayeux (1107-1133).
Noted events in his life were:
• 2nd Lord of Glamorgan: by right of his wife
• Created: 1st Earl of Gloucester, Aug 1122.
Robert married Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester 178 244 245 in 1107, daughter of Robert FitzHamon Sieur de Creully and Sybil Montgomery. Mabel was born in 1090 in Gloucestershire, England and died on 29 Sep 1157 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England at age 67. Other names for Mabel were Maud FitzHammon, and Maud FitzHamon.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 259 F i. Maud FitzRobert of Gloucester 178 246 247 was born about 1120 in Glouchestershire, England and died on 29 Jul 1190 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 70.
+ 260 M ii. William FitzRobert 2nd Earl of Gloucester was born about 1128 and died on 23 Nov 1183 about age 55.
Robert next married Elizabeth.
194. Elizabeth Princess of England 181 182 was born about 1095 in <Talby, Yorkshire, England>. Another name for Elizabeth was Isabel.
Research Notes: Probably the mother of Gunnild of Dunbar. Youngest illegitimate daughter of Henry I.
Elizabeth married Fergus Lord of Galloway 182 248 in 1124 in Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland. Fergus was born about 1090 in <Galloway, Scotland>, died in 1161 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Edinburghshire, Scotland about age 71, and was buried on 12 May 1161 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Edinburghshire, Scotland.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 261 M i. Uchtred Lord of Galloway 182 248 was born about 1118 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died on 22 Sep 1174 about age 56.
195. Stephen of Blois, King of England 184 was born in 1096 and died on 25 Oct 1154 at age 58.
Stephen married Matilda of Boulogne 249 about 1119, daughter of Eustace III Count of Boulogne and Lens and Mary of Scotland. Matilda was born about 1105 and died on 3 Jul 1151 in Hedingham Castle, Kent about age 46.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 262 F i. Marie of Blois, Countess of Boulogne 250 was born in 1136 and died in 1182 at age 46.
Research Notes: Sister of Stephen of Blois, King of England.
Lithuaise married Milon I "le Grand" Seigneur Montlhéry and de Bray.185
The child from this marriage was:
+ 263 F i. Isabel de Montlhéry Viscomtessa de Troyes .185
197. Thierry I of Lorraine, Count of Flanders 187 died on 17 Jan 1168. Another name for Thierry was Dietrich I of Lorraine, Count of Alsace.
Thierry married Sybil of Anjou 251 in 1131, daughter of Fulk V "the Young" Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem and Erembourg Countess of Maine. Sybil was born in 1112 and died in 1165 at age 53.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 264 M i. Matthew of Alsace, Count of Boulogne .252
265 F ii. Margarite of Lorraine 253 was born between 1140 and 1145 and died on 17 Dec 1195.
Noted events in her life were:
198. Judith of Bavaria was born in 1100 and died in 1130 at age 30.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 166-25.
Judith married Frederick II of Hohenstaufen, Duke of Swabia 254 255 in 1121, son of Frederick I von Büren of Hohenstaufen, Duke of Alsace and Swabia and Agnes of Germany. Frederick was born in 1090 and died on 6 Apr 1147 at age 57. Another name for Frederick was Frederick II Duke of Swabia.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 266 M i. Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor was born in 1122, died on 10 Jun 1190 at age 68, and was buried in Holy Land.
199. Alberic I Count of Dammartin 105 was born about 1110 in <Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died in 1183 about age 73.
Alberic married Joan Basset 74 before 1150. Joan was born about 1114 in <Wellingford, Oxfordshire>, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 267 M i. Albri de Luzarches Count of Dammartin 105 256 was born about 1135 in <Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne>, France, died on 19 Sep 1200 in London, Middlesex, England about age 65, and was buried in Abbaye de Jumieges, Jumieges, Seine-Maritime, France.
200. Sir Robert de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester 2 191 192 was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. Another name for Robert was Robert "Bossu" de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois -
Younger twin of Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan. Nicknamed Robert Bossu (the Humpback).
From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester :
Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester (1104 - 5 April 1168 ) was Justiciar of England 1155-1168.
The surname "de Beaumont" is given him by genealogists. The only known contemporary surname applied to him is "Robert son of Count Robert". Henry Knighton, the fourteenth-century chronicler notes him as Robert "Le Bossu" (meaning "Robert the Hunchback" in French ).
Early Life and Education
Robert was an English nobleman of Norman-French ancestry. He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was the twin brother of Waleran de Beaumont . There is no knowing whether they were identical or fraternal twins, but the fact that they are remarked on by contemporaries as twins indicates that they probably were in fact identical.
The two brothers, Robert and Waleran, were adopted into the royal household shortly after their father's death in June 1118 (upon which Robert inherited his father's second titles of Earl of Leicester). Their lands on either side of the Channel were committed to a group of guardians, led by their stepfather, William earl of Warenne or Surrey . They accompanied King Henry I to Normandy , to meet with Pope Callixtus II in 1119 , when the king incited them to debate philosophy with the cardinals . Both twins were literate, and Abingdon Abbey later claimed to have been Robert's school, but though this is possible, its account is not entirely trustworthy. A surviving treatise on astronomy (British Library ms Royal E xxv) carries a dedication "to Earl Robert of Leicester, that man of affairs and profound learning, most accomplished in matters of law" who can only be this Robert. On his death he left his own psalter to the abbey he founded at Leicester, which was still in its library in the late fifteenth century. The existence of this indicates that like many noblemen of his day, Robert followed the canonical hours in his chapel.
Career at the Norman Court
In 1120 Robert was declared of age and inherited most of his father's lands in England, while his twin brother took the French lands. However in 1121 , royal favour brought Robert the great Norman honors of Breteuil and Pacy-sur-Eure , with his marriage to Amice de Montfort , daughter of a Breton intruder the king had forced on the honor after the forfeiture of the Breteuil family in 1119 . Robert spent a good deal of his time and resources over the next decade integrating the troublesome and independent barons of Breteuil into the greater complex of his estates. He did not join in his brother's great Norman rebellion against King Henry I in 1123 -. He appears fitfully at the royal court despite his brother's imprisonment until 1129 . Thereafter the twins were frequently to be found together at Henry I's court.
Robert held lands throughout the country. In the 1120s and 1130s he tried to rationalise his estates in Leicestershire. Leicestershire estates of the See of Lincoln and the Earl of Chester were seized by force. This enhanced the integrity of Robert's block of estates in the central midlands, bounded by Nuneaton , Loughborough , Melton Mowbray and Market Harborough .
In 1135 , the twins were present at King Henry's deathbed. Robert's actions in the succession period are unknown, but he clearly supported his brother's decision to join the court of the new king Stephen before Easter 1136 . During the first two years of the reign Robert is found in Normandy fighting rival claimants for his honor of Breteuil. Military action allowed him to add the castle of Pont St-Pierre to his Norman estates in June 1136 at the expense of one of his rivals. From the end of 1137 Robert and his brother were increasingly caught up in the politics of the court of King Stephen in England, where Waleran secured an ascendancy which lasted till the beginning of 1141. Robert participated in his brother's political coup against the king's justiciar, Roger of Salisbury (the Bishop of Salisbury ).
...
Family and children
He married after 1120 Amice de Montfort , daughter of Ralph, senior of Gael or Montfort . They had four children:
Hawise, who married William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester ;
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester ;
Isabel, who married with:
Simon II of St Liz, 4th Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton ;
Gervase Paynel of Dudley.
Margaret, who married Ralph V de Toeni
Literary references
He is a minor character in The Holy Thief, one of the Brother Cadfael series by Ellis Peters .
Notes
^ a b c Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 69
References
Noted events in his life were:
• Knighted: 1122.
• Justiciar of England: 1155-1168.
Robert married Amice de Gael de Montfort 2 241 257 after 1120, daughter of Ralph de Gael de Montfort and Unknown. Amice was born about 1108 and died 31 Aug 1168 or 1169 about age 60. Other names for Amice were Amice de Gael, Amicia, and Amice de Montfort.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 268 M i. Sir Robert de Beaumont 3rd Earl of Leicester 2 258 259 was born about 1121 in Beaumont, France and died on 31 Aug 1190 in Durazzo, West Albania about age 69.
+ 269 F ii. Hawise de Beaumont of Leicester died on 24 Apr 1197.
270 F iii. Isabel de Beaumont .
271 F iv. Margaret de Beaumont .
202. Waleran IV de Beaumont Count of Meulan 89 193 was born in 1104 in <Meulan, Île-de-France>, France, died on 10 Apr 1166 in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France at age 62, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois
Younger twin. Twin brother was Robert de Beaumont (aka Robert Bossu).
Waleran married Agnes de Montfort 89 about 1141 in Normandie, France, daughter of Amaury de Montfort and Agnes de Garlende. Agnes was born about 1123 in <Montfort-de-Risle, Eure>, France and died on 15 Dec 1181 about age 58. Another name for Agnes was Elizabeth de Montfort.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 272 M i. Robert de Beaumont Count of Meulan 89 was born about 1140 in Meulan, Normandy, France and died in Oct 1207 in Palestine about age 67.
208. William de Warenne 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne 196 was born in 1118 and died in 1148 at age 30.
Research Notes: First husband of Ela (Talvas).
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
In her second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
William married Ela Talvas of Alençon and Ponthieu.,260 261 262 daughter of William III Talvas Count of Alençon & Ponthieu and Hélie of Burgundy. Ela was born about 1124 in <Alençon, Normandy>, France, died on 10 Oct 1174 in Bradenstoke Priory, Bradenstoke, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried on 4 Dec 1174. Other names for Ela were Adela Talvaise, and Ida Talvaise.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 273 F i. Isabelle de Warenne Countess of Surrey 263 died on 13 Jul 1199.
209. Ada de Warenne 132 195 197 died about 1178. Another name for Ada was Adeline de Warren.
Research Notes: Widow of Conale Petit, Earl of Brittany and Richmond. Sister of William the Lion, King of Scots.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 89-25
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Ada de Warenne (d. ca. 1178 ), who married Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon , younger son of King David I of Scotland , Earl of Huntingdon by his marriage to the heiress Matilda or Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon (herself great-niece of William I of England ) and had issue. They were parents to Malcolm IV of Scotland and William I of Scotland and their youngest son became David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon . All Kings of Scotland since 1292 were the descendants of Huntingdon.
Ada married Henry of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon 195 264 in 1139, son of David I "The Saint" King of Scots and Maud of Huntingdon. Henry was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38. Another name for Henry was Henry Prince of Scotland.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 274 F i. Margaret of Huntingdon 265 died in 1201.
212. Gundred de Warenne 198 199 was born about 1117 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England, died after 1165 in Warwickshire, England, and was buried in Kelso, Roxburgh, Scotland. Another name for Gundred was Gundrada de Warenne.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey:
Gundrada de Warenne , who married first Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick , and second William, lord of Kendal , and is most remembered for expelling king Stephen 's garrison from Warwick Castle ;
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1166.
Gundred married Roger de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Warwick 266 267 before 1130, son of Henry de Beaumont 1st Earl of Warwick and Margaret de Perche. Roger was born about 1102 and died on 12 Jun 1153 about age 51.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 275 M i. Waleran de Beaumont 4th Earl of Warwick 268 269 was born before 1153 and died on 24 Dec 1204.
Gundred next married William I de Lancaster 5th Baron of Kendal of Workington 199 270 after 1153, son of Gilbert de Lancaster and Godith. William was born about 1100 in <Kendal, Westmoreland, England> and died in 1170 about age 70. Another name for William was William de Lancaster.
Noted events in his life were:
• Castellan: of William Fitz Duncan's castle of Egremont, 1138.
• Governor: of Castle of Lancaster.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 276 F i. Avice de Lancaster 199 271 was born about 1155 in Cumberland, England and died on 1 Jan 1191 about age 36.
213. Sir Robert de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester 2 191 192 was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. Another name for Robert was Robert "Bossu" de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois -
Younger twin of Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan. Nicknamed Robert Bossu (the Humpback).
From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester :
Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester (1104 - 5 April 1168 ) was Justiciar of England 1155-1168.
The surname "de Beaumont" is given him by genealogists. The only known contemporary surname applied to him is "Robert son of Count Robert". Henry Knighton, the fourteenth-century chronicler notes him as Robert "Le Bossu" (meaning "Robert the Hunchback" in French ).
Early Life and Education
Robert was an English nobleman of Norman-French ancestry. He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was the twin brother of Waleran de Beaumont . There is no knowing whether they were identical or fraternal twins, but the fact that they are remarked on by contemporaries as twins indicates that they probably were in fact identical.
The two brothers, Robert and Waleran, were adopted into the royal household shortly after their father's death in June 1118 (upon which Robert inherited his father's second titles of Earl of Leicester). Their lands on either side of the Channel were committed to a group of guardians, led by their stepfather, William earl of Warenne or Surrey . They accompanied King Henry I to Normandy , to meet with Pope Callixtus II in 1119 , when the king incited them to debate philosophy with the cardinals . Both twins were literate, and Abingdon Abbey later claimed to have been Robert's school, but though this is possible, its account is not entirely trustworthy. A surviving treatise on astronomy (British Library ms Royal E xxv) carries a dedication "to Earl Robert of Leicester, that man of affairs and profound learning, most accomplished in matters of law" who can only be this Robert. On his death he left his own psalter to the abbey he founded at Leicester, which was still in its library in the late fifteenth century. The existence of this indicates that like many noblemen of his day, Robert followed the canonical hours in his chapel.
Career at the Norman Court
In 1120 Robert was declared of age and inherited most of his father's lands in England, while his twin brother took the French lands. However in 1121 , royal favour brought Robert the great Norman honors of Breteuil and Pacy-sur-Eure , with his marriage to Amice de Montfort , daughter of a Breton intruder the king had forced on the honor after the forfeiture of the Breteuil family in 1119 . Robert spent a good deal of his time and resources over the next decade integrating the troublesome and independent barons of Breteuil into the greater complex of his estates. He did not join in his brother's great Norman rebellion against King Henry I in 1123 -. He appears fitfully at the royal court despite his brother's imprisonment until 1129 . Thereafter the twins were frequently to be found together at Henry I's court.
Robert held lands throughout the country. In the 1120s and 1130s he tried to rationalise his estates in Leicestershire. Leicestershire estates of the See of Lincoln and the Earl of Chester were seized by force. This enhanced the integrity of Robert's block of estates in the central midlands, bounded by Nuneaton , Loughborough , Melton Mowbray and Market Harborough .
In 1135 , the twins were present at King Henry's deathbed. Robert's actions in the succession period are unknown, but he clearly supported his brother's decision to join the court of the new king Stephen before Easter 1136 . During the first two years of the reign Robert is found in Normandy fighting rival claimants for his honor of Breteuil. Military action allowed him to add the castle of Pont St-Pierre to his Norman estates in June 1136 at the expense of one of his rivals. From the end of 1137 Robert and his brother were increasingly caught up in the politics of the court of King Stephen in England, where Waleran secured an ascendancy which lasted till the beginning of 1141. Robert participated in his brother's political coup against the king's justiciar, Roger of Salisbury (the Bishop of Salisbury ).
...
Family and children
He married after 1120 Amice de Montfort , daughter of Ralph, senior of Gael or Montfort . They had four children:
Hawise, who married William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester ;
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester ;
Isabel, who married with:
Simon II of St Liz, 4th Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton ;
Gervase Paynel of Dudley.
Margaret, who married Ralph V de Toeni
Literary references
He is a minor character in The Holy Thief, one of the Brother Cadfael series by Ellis Peters .
Notes
^ a b c Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 69
References
Noted events in his life were:
• Knighted: 1122.
• Justiciar of England: 1155-1168.
Robert married Amice de Gael de Montfort 2 241 257 after 1120, daughter of Ralph de Gael de Montfort and Unknown. Amice was born about 1108 and died 31 Aug 1168 or 1169 about age 60. Other names for Amice were Amice de Gael, Amicia, and Amice de Montfort.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 200)
214. Afonso I King of Portugal 200 201 was born on 25 Jul 1109 in Viseu, Viseu, Portugal, died on 6 Dec 1185 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 76, and was buried in Santa Cruz Monastery, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Other names for Afonso were Affonso I "the Conqueror" King of Portugal and the Algarves, Afonso Henriques King of Portugal, Alfonso I King of Portugal, and Henriquez I King of Portugal.
Research Notes: First king of Portugal.
From Wikipedia - Afonso I of Portugal :
Afonso I (English Alphonzo or Alphonse), more commonly known as Afonso Henriques (pronounced [?'fősu ?'?ik??] ), or also Affonso (Archaic Portuguese), Alfonso or Alphonso (Portuguese-Galician ) or Alphonsus (Latin version), (Viseu , 1109 , traditionally July 25 - Coimbra , 1185 December 6 ), also known as the Conqueror (Port. o Conquistador), was the first King of Portugal , declaring his independence from León .
Life
Afonso I was the son of Henry of Burgundy, Count of Portugal and Teresa of León , the illegitimate daughter of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León . He was proclaimed King on July 26 , 1139 , immediately after the Battle of Ourique , and died on December 6 , 1185 in Coimbra .
At the end of the 11th century , the Iberian Peninsula political agenda was mostly concerned with the Reconquista , the driving out of the Muslim successor-states to the Caliphate of Cordoba after its collapse. With European military aristocracies focused on the Crusades , Alfonso VI called for the help of the French nobility to deal with the Moors . In exchange, he was to give the hands of his daughters in wedlock to the leaders of the expedition and bestow royal privileges to the others. Thus, the royal heiress Urraca of Castile wedded Raymond of Burgundy , younger son of the Count of Burgundy , and her half-sister, princess Teresa of León , wedded his cousin, another French crusader, Henry of Burgundy , younger brother of the Duke of Burgundy . Henry was made Count of Portugal, a burdensome county south of Galicia , where Moorish incursions and attacks were to be expected. With his wife Teresa as co-ruler of Portugal, Henry withstood the ordeal and held the lands for his father-in-law.
From this wedlock several sons were born, but only one, Afonso Henriques (meaning "Afonso son of Henry") thrived. The boy, probably born around 1109, followed his father as Count of Portugal in 1112 , under the tutelage of his mother. The relations between Teresa and her son Afonso proved difficult. Only eleven years old, Afonso already had his own political ideas, greatly different from his mother's. In 1120 , the young prince took the side of the archbishop of Braga , a political foe of Teresa, and both were exiled by her orders. Afonso spent the next years away from his own county , under the watch of the bishop. In 1122 Afonso became fourteen, the adult age in the 12th century . He made himself a knight on his own account in the Cathedral of Zamora , raised an army , and proceeded to take control of his lands. Near Guimarăes , at the Battle of Săo Mamede (1128 ) he overcame the troops under his mother's lover and ally Count Fernando Peres de Trava of Galicia , making her his prisoner and exiling her forever to a monastery in León . Thus the possibility of incorporating Portugal into a Kingdom of Galicia was eliminated and Afonso become sole ruler (Duke of Portugal) after demands for independence from the county's people, church and nobles. He also vanquished Alfonso VII of Castile and León , another of his mother's allies, and thus freed the county from political dependence on the crown of León and Castile . On April 6 , 1129 , Afonso Henriques dictated the writ in which he proclaimed himself Prince of Portugal.
...In 1169 , Afonso was disabled in an engagement near Badajoz by a fall from his horse , and made prisoner by the soldiers of the king of León. Portugal was obliged to surrender as his ransom almost all the conquests Afonso had made in Galicia in the previous years.
In 1179 the privileges and favours given to the Roman Catholic Church were compensated. In the papal bull Manifestis Probatum , Pope Alexander III acknowledged Afonso as King and Portugal as an independent land with the right to conquer lands from the Moors. With this papal blessing, Portugal was at last secured as a country and safe from any Castilian attempts at annexation.
In 1184 , in spite of his great age, he still had sufficient energy to relieve his son Sancho, who was besieged in Santarém by the Moors. He died shortly after, on December 6 , 1185 .
The Portuguese revere him as a hero, both on account of his personal character and as the founder of their nation . There are stories that it would take 10 men to carry his sword, and that Afonso would want to engage other monarchs in personal combat, but no one would dare accept his challenge.
Afonso married Maud of Savoy 61 272 273 before Jun 1146 in Chambéry, Savoie, France, daughter of Amadeus III Count of Savoy, Maurienne and Turin and Mathilde Comtesse d'Albon. Maud was born in 1125 in <Chambéry, Savoie>, France, died on 4 Nov 1158 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 33, and was buried in Igreja Santa Cruz, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Other names for Maud were Mafalda of Savoy, Mahaut of Savoy, Mathilda of Savoy, and Matilde Countess of Savoy.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 277 M i. Sancho I King of Portugal was born on 11 Nov 1154 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal and died on 26 Mar 1212 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 57.
+ 278 F ii. Urraca of Portugal 61 274 was born about 1150 in <Coimbra, Coimbra>, Portugal and died on 16 Oct 1188 in Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain about age 38.
215. Adélarde de Vignory 203 died after 1140. Another name for Adélarde was Hodiarde de Vignory.
Adélarde married Roger I de Joinville Seigneur de Joinville, son of Geoffroi de Joinville Seigneur de Joinville and Blanche of Reynel. Roger died after 1137.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 279 M i. Geoffroi III de Joinville Sénéchal of Champagne and of Bar-sur-Seine 275 was born before 1127 and died in 1188.
216. Alfonso VII King of Castile and Léon 61 204 205 was born on 1 Mar 1105 in Toledo, Castile, Spain, died on 21 Aug 1157 in La Fresneda, Teruel, Aragon, Spain at age 52, and was buried in Catedral De Toledo, Toledo, Castile. Other names for Alfonso were Alfonso Raimundez, Alfonso VII Emperor of Spain, and Alfonso VII "Pierre-Raimund" King of Castile and Leon and Galicia.
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. in La Fresneda, Teruel, Aragon. Wikipedia (?) has Sierra Morena.
Research Notes: Second husband of Berenguela of Barcelona.
From Wikipedia - Alfonso VII of León and Castile :
Alfonso VII (1 March 1105 - 21 August 1157 ), called the Emperor, became the King of Galicia in 1111 and King of León and Castile in 1126. He was crowned "Emperor of All the Spains " in 1135. He was the son of Urraca of León and Raymond of Burgundy , the first of the House of Burgundy to rule in Hispania .
Alfonso was a dignified and somewhat enigmatic figure. His rule was characterised by the renewed supremacy of the western kingdoms of Christian Hispania over the eastern (Navarre and Aragón ) after the reign of Alfonso the Battler . He also sought to make the imperial title meaningful in practice, though his attempts to rule over both Christian and Muslim populations was even less successful. His hegemonic intentions never saw fruition, however. During his tenure, Portugal became de facto independent, in 1128, and was recognized as de jure independent, in 1143. He was a patron of poets, including, probably, the troubadour Marcabru .
Succession to three kingdoms
In 1111, Diego Gelmírez , Bishop of Compostela , and the count of Traba crowned Alfonso King of Galicia in the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela . He was but a child at the time, but his mother had already (1109) succeeded to the united throne of León-Castile-Galicia and desired to assure her son's prospects and groom him for his eventual succession. By 1125 he had inherited the formerly Muslim Kingdom of Toledo . On 10 March 1126 , after the death of his mother, he was crowned in León and immediately began the recovery of the Kingdom of Castile , which was then under the domination of Alfonso the Battler. By the Peace of Támara of 1127, the Battler recognised Alfonso VII of Castile. The territory in the far east of his dominion, however, had gained much independence during the rule of his mother and experienced many rebellions. After his recognition in Castile, Alfonso fought to curb the autonomy of the local barons.
When Alfonso the Battler, King of Navarre and Aragón , died without descendants in 1134, he willed his kingdom to the military orders . The aristocracy of both kingdoms did not accept this and García Ramírez , Count of Monzón was elected in Navarre while Alfonso pretended to the throne of Aragón. The nobles chose another candidate in the dead king's brother, Ramiro II . Alfonso responded by occupying La Rioja , conquering Zaragoza , and governing both realms in unison. From this point, the arms of Zaragoza began to appear in those of León.
In several skirmishes, he defeated the joint Navarro-Aragonese army and put the kingdoms to vassalage. He had the strong support of the lords north of the Pyrenees , who held lands as far as the River Rhône . In the end, however, the combined forces of the Navarre and Aragón were too much for his control. At this time, he helped Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona , in his wars with the other Catalan counties to unite the old Marca Hispanica .
Imperial rule
A vague tradition had always assigned the title of emperor to the sovereign who held León. Sancho the Great considered the city the imperiale culmen and minted coins with the inscription Imperator totius Hispaniae after being crowned in it. Such a sovereign was considered the most direct representative of the Visigothic kings, who had been themselves the representatives of the Roman Empire . But though appearing in charters, and claimed by Alfonso VI of León and Alfonso the Battler , the title had been little more than a flourish of rhetoric.
In 1135, Alfonso was crowned "Emperor of All the Spains" in the Cathedral of León . By this, he probably wished to assert his authority over the entire peninsula and his absolute leadership of the Reconquista . He appears to have striven for the formation of a national unity which Hispania had never possessed since the fall of the Visigothic kingdom. The elements he had to deal with could not be welded together. The weakness of Aragon enabled him to make his superiority effective, although Afonso I of Portugal never recognised him as liege , thereby affirming Portugal's independence. In 1143, he himself recognised this status quo and consented to the marriage of Petronila of Aragon with Ramon Berenguer IV , a union which combined Aragon and Catalonia into the Crown of Aragon .
Family
In November 1128, he married Berenguela , daughter of Ramon Berenguer III. She died in 1149. Their children were:
Sancho III of Castile (1134-1158)
Ramon, living 1136, died in infancy
Ferdinand II of León (1137-1188)
Constance (c.1138-1160), married Louis VII of France
Sancha (c.1139-1179), married Sancho VI of Navarre
García (c.1142-1145/6)
Alfonso (c.1144-by 1149)
In 1152, Alfonso married Richeza of Poland , the daughter of Ladislaus II the Exile . They had:
Ferdinand, (1153-1157)
Sancha (1155-1208), the wife of Alfonso II of Aragón .
Alfonso also had two mistresses, having children by both. By an Asturian noblewoman named Guntroda Pérez , he had an illegitimate daughter, Urraca (1132-1164), who married García Ramírez of Navarre , the mother retiring to a convent in 1133. Later in his reign, he formed a liaison with Urraca Fernández, widow of count Rodrigo Martínez and daughter of Fernando García of Hita, an apparent grandson of García Sánchez III of Navarre , having a daughter Stephanie 'the Unfortunate' (1148-1180), who was killed by her jealous husband, Fernan Ruiz de Castro.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Galicia: 1111.
• King of León-Castile-Galicia: 10 Mar 1126.
• Emperor of All the Spains: 1135, Cathedral of Léon.
Alfonso married Berenguela of Barcelona 105 276 in Nov 1128, daughter of Raymond III Berenger Count of Barcelona and Dulce Aldonza Milhaud. Berenguela was born about 1116 in <Barcelona, Aragon>, Spain and died on 3 Feb 1149 in Palencia, Léon, Spain about age 33. Another name for Berenguela was Berenguela Raimundo de Barcelona.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 280 M i. Sancho III of Castile 277 278 was born in 1134 and died on 30 Aug 1158 at age 24.
281 F ii. Sancha was born in 1137 and died in 1179 at age 42.
282 F iii. Constance was born in 1141 and died in 1160 at age 19.
+ 283 M iv. Fernando II King of Leon 61 279 was born in 1137 in <Toledo, Castile>, Spain and died on 22 Jan 1188 in Benavente, Zamora, Castile, Spain at age 51.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-23 (Adelaide of Namur)
Adela married Arnold II Count of Chiny. Arnold died in 1106.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 284 M i. Otto II Count of Chiny died on 28 Mar 1125.
219. Beatrix de Mondidier 208 died 2 Sep aft 1129.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A-23
Beatrix married Geoffroy IV Count of Mortagne, 1st Count de Perche.,280 son of Routrou II Count of Mortagne, Viscount of Chateaudun and Adeline de Bellesme Dame de Domfront. Geoffroy died in 1100.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 285 F i. Maud de Perche was born in 1105 and died on 28 May 1143 at age 38.
+ 286 F ii. Margaret de Perche 281 died after 1155.
+ 287 F iii. Juliana of Mortagne and Perche .282
220. Margaret de Rameru 209 210 was born between 1045 and 1050 in <Montdidier, Somme, France> and died in 1110. Other names for Margaret were Margaret de Mondidier, Marguerite de Rameru, and Margaret de Roucy.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. abt 1050; http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f96/a0019615.htm has b. 1045.
Margaret married Hugh de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 283 284 about 1080, son of Renaud de Clermont and Ermengardis de Clermont. Hugh was born about 1030 in <Clermont, Oise, France> and died in 1101 about age 71. Other names for Hugh were Hugh Count of Clermont, Creil and Mouchy, and Hugh de Creil Count of Clermont in Beauvaisis.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Clermont in Beauvaisis:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 288 F i. Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 225 226 was born about 1058 in <Northamptonshire, England> and died in <England>.
+ 289 M ii. Renaud II Count of Clermont in Beauvaisis 74 was born about 1108 in Clermont, Oise, France and died about 1162 about age 54.
+ 290 F iii. Ermentrude de Clermont 285 was born about 1066 in <Clermont, Beauvais, France>.
221. Andre I de Rameru and d'Arcis-sur-Aube 211 died in 1118.
Andre married Adele.
Andre next married Guisemode.286
Noted events in her life were:
• Founded: Abbey de Bassefontaine, 1143.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 291 F i. Alix de Rameru Dame of Rameru .287
222. William le Meschin Lord of Skipton-in-Craven, Yorkshire 7 213 214 was born about 1100 in <Gernon Castle, Normandy, France>. Another name for William was William de Meschines.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132B-26
William married Cecily de Rumilly.,7 288 daughter of Robert de Rumilly of Molland, Devon and Unknown. Cecily was born about 1100 in <Normandy, France>. Another name for Cecily was Cecily de Rumigny.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 292 F i. Maud la Meschin 7 289 was born about 1126 in <Harringworth, Northumberland>, England and died after 1190.
223. Ranulf le Meschin 3rd Earl of Chester 7 215 216 217 was born about 1070 in <Briquessart, Livry, France>, died about 1129 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 59, and was buried in St Werburgh, Chester, Cheshire, England. Other names for Ranulf were Ranulph III le Meschin de Briquessart 3rd Earl of Chester, Ranulf de Meschines Lord of Cumberland, and Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester :
Ranulf le Meschin, Ranulf de Briquessart or Ranulf I [Ranulph, Ralph] (died 1129) was a late 11th- and early 12th-century Norman magnate based in northern and central England. Originating in Bessin in Normandy, Ranulf made his career in England thanks to his kinship with Hugh d'Avranches , the earl of Chester, the patronage of kings William II Rufus and Henry I Beauclerc , and his marriage to Lucy , heiress of the Bolingbroke-Spalding estates in Lincolnshire.
Ranulf fought in Normandy on behalf of Henry I, and served the English king as a kind of semi-independent governor in the far north-west, Cumberland and Westmorland , before attaining the palatine county of Chester on the Anglo-Welsh marches in 1120. He held this position for the remainder of his life, and passed the title on to his son.
Family and origins
Ranulf was the son of Ranulf de Briquessart , viscount of the Bessin, and likely for this reason the former Ranulf was styled le Meschin, "the younger".[2] His mother was Matilda, daughter of Richard, viscount of the Avranchin . We know from an entry in the Durham Liber Vitae , c. 1098 x 1120, that he had an older brother named Richard (who died in youth), and a younger brother named William.[3] He had a sister called Agnes, who later married Robert de Grandmesnil (died 1136).[2]
Ranulf's earliest appearance in extant historical records was 24 April 1089 , the date of a charter of Robert Curthose , Duke of Normandy , to Bayeux Cathedral .[2] Ranulf, as "Ranulf son of Ranulf the viscount", was one of the charter's witnesses.[2] He appeared again in the sources, c. 1093/4, as a witness to the foundation charter of Chester Abbey , granted by his uncle Hugh d'Avranches , palantine count ("earl") of Chester.[2] Between 1098 and 1101, probably in 1098, Ranulf became a major English landowner in his own right when he became the third husband of Lucy , heiress of the honour of Bolingbroke in Lincolnshire.[4] This acquisition also brought him the lordship of Appleby in Cumberland , previously held by Lucy's second husband Ivo Taillebois .[2]
Lord of Cumberland and Westmorland
A charter issued in 1124 by David I , King of the Scots , to Robert I de Brus granting the latter the lordship of Annandale recorded that Ranulf was remembered as holding lordship of Carlisle and Cumberland, holding with the same semi-regal rights by which Robert was to hold Annandale .[2] A source from 1212 attests that the jurors of Cumberland remembered Ranulf as quondam dominus Cumberland ("sometime Lord of Cumberland").[5] Ranulf possessed the power and in some respects the dignity of a semi-independent earl in the region, though he lacked the formal status of being called such. A contemporary illustration of this authority is one charter in the records of Wetheral Priory , which recorded Ranulf addressing his own sheriff, "Richer" (probably Richard de Boivill).[6]
Ivo Taillebois, when he married Ranulf's future wife Lucy, had acquired her Lincolnshire lands; sometime after 1086 he acquired authority in Westmorland and Kendal . Adjacent lands in Lancashire and Westmorland, previously controlled by Earl Tostig Godwinson , were probably carved up in the 1080s by the king, between Roger the Poitevin and Ivo, a territorial division at least partially responsible for the later boundaries between the two counties.[7] Norman lordship in the heartland of Cumberland dates to around 1092, the year King William Rufus seized the region from its previous ruler, Dolfin.[8] There is inconclusive evidence that this happened around the same time as William II's expedition to Carlisle, and that settlers from Ivo's Lincolnshire lands came into Cumberland as a result.[9]
When Ranulf acquired Ivo's authority, or an extended version of it, is not clear. Between 1094 and 1098 Lucy was married to Roger fitz Gerold de Roumare, so it is possible that this marriage was the king's way of transferring authority in the region to Roger fitz Gerold.[10] The "traditional view", and that held by the historian William Kapelle , was that Ranulf's authority in the region did not come about until 1106 or after, as a reward for Ranulf's participation in the Battle of Tinchebrai .[11] Another historian, Richard Sharpe , has recently attacked this view and argued that it probably came in or soon after 1098. Sharpe believed that Lucy was the main mechanism by which this authority changed hands here, and pointed out that Ranulf had been married to Lucy years before Tinchebrai, and that, moreover, Ranulf can be found months before Tinchebrai taking evidence from county jurors at York (which may have been responsible for parts of this partially-shired region at this point).[12]
Firm dates for Ranulf's authority in the region do however come only from 1106 and after, well into the reign of Henry I .[2] It was in 1106 that Ranulf founded a Benedictine monastic house at Wetheral , Wetheral Priory.[2] The record of the jurors of Cumberland dating to 1212 claimed that Ranulf created two baronies in the region, Burgh-by-Sands for Robert de Trevers, Ranulf's brother-in-law, and Liddel for Turgis Brandos.[13] He appears to have attempted to give Gilsland to his brother William, though its lord, "Gille", held out; later the lordship of Allerdale (also called Egremont or Copeland ) was given to William.[14] Kirklinton may have been given to Richard de Boivill, Ranulf's sheriff.[2]
Earl of Chester
Marriage to the a great heiress came only with royal patronage, which in turn came only through having royal respect and trust. Ranulf was however not recorded often at the court of Henry I, and did not form part of the king's closest group of administrative advisers.[15] He was however one of the king's military companions, and served under Henry as an officer of the royal household when the latter was on campaign; Ranulf was in fact one of his three commanders at the Battle of Tinchebrai, where he led the vanguard of Henry's army, and was often in Normandy when the king's interests were threatened there.[16] He is found serving as a royal justice in both 1106 and 1116. Later in his career, 1123-4, he commanded the king's garrison at Évreux during the war with William Clito , and in March 1124 he assisted in the capture of Waleran, Count of Meulan .[2]
The death of Richard , count-palatine of Chester in the White Ship Disaster of 1120 near Barfleur , paved the way for Ranulf's elevation to comital rank.[2] Merely four days before the disaster, Ranulf and his cousin Richard had witnessed a charter together at Cerisy .[2] Henry recognized Ranulf as Richard's successor to the county of Chester.[2] Ranulf's accession may have involved him giving up many of his other lands, including much of his wife's Lincolnshire lands and his land in Cumbria, though direct evidence for this beyond convenient timing is lacking.[17] Richard Sharpe suggested that Ranulf may have had to sell much land in order to pay the king for the palatine-county of Chester, though it could not have covered the whole fee, as Ranulf's son Ranulf de Gernon , when he succeeded his father to Chester in 1129, owed the king Ł1000 "from his father's debt for the land of Earl Hugh".[18]
Ranulf died in January 1129, and was buried in Chester Abbey.[2] He was survived by his wife and countess, Lucy, and succeeded by his son Ranulf de Gernon.[2] A daughter, Alicia, married Richard de Clare , a lord in the Anglo-Welsh marches.[2]
Noted events in his life were:
• Earl of Chester: 1120-1129. following the death of his first cousin, Hugh d'Avranches, Earl of Chester
• Commander of the Royal Forces in Normandy: 1124.
Ranulf married Lucy of Bolingbroke 290 291 292 about 1098, daughter of Thorold Sheriff of Lincoln and < > Malet. Lucy was born about 1070 in <Spalding, Lincolnshire>, England and died about 1136 about age 66. Another name for Lucy was Lucia.
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1130.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 293 M i. Ranulf IV de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester 7 293 was born about 1100 in Gernon Castle, Normandy, France, died on 16 Dec 1153 about age 53, and was buried in St. Werburg's, Chester, Cheshire, England.
+ 294 F ii. Adelize de Gernon 33 230 294 was born about 1094 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1128 about age 34.
224. Adelaide of Savoy was born about 1092 and died on 1 Aug 1154 about age 62.
Death Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 274A-25 has d. 18 Nov. 1154.
Research Notes: Second wife of Louis VI, m. April or May 1115.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 117-24 (Louis VI) has d. 1 Aug 1154. Line 101-24 (Louis VI) has d. 18 Nov. 1154.
Adelaide married Louis VI "the Fat" King of France Apr or May 1115 in Paris, [Île-de-France, ] France. Louis was born in 1081 and died on 1 Aug 1137 in Chiteau Bethizy, Paris at age 56.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 101-24
The child from this marriage was:
+ 295 M i. Peter of France, Count of Montargis and Courtenay 295 was born about 1125 and died between 1179 and 1183 in Palestine.
225. Amadeus III Count of Savoy, Maurienne and Turin was born about 1095 in <Savoie>, France and died on 30 Aug 1148 in Cyprus about age 53. Another name for Amadeus was Amadeo III Count of Savoy.
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. 1 Apr 1149
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 274B-25
Amadeus married Mathilde Comtesse d'Albon 105 296 in 1123, daughter of Guigues VIII Comte d'Albon and Mathilde. Mathilde was born about 1116 in <Albon>, France and died after Jan 1145. Other names for Mathilde were Mahaud d'Albon, and Maud Countess of Albon.
Marriage Notes: FamilySearch has m. 1120
The child from this marriage was:
+ 296 F i. Maud of Savoy 61 272 273 was born in 1125 in <Chambéry, Savoie>, France, died on 4 Nov 1158 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 33, and was buried in Igreja Santa Cruz, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
226. Hélie of Burgundy 220 was born in 1080 and died on 28 Feb 1142 at age 62. Other names for Hélie were Alix of Burgundy, and Ela of Burgundy.
Hélie married William III Talvas Count of Alençon & Ponthieu 297 about 1115, son of Robert II de Bellęme 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Agnes. William died on 30 Jun 1171.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 297 F i. Ela Talvas of Alençon and Ponthieu 260 261 262 was born about 1124 in <Alençon, Normandy>, France, died on 10 Oct 1174 in Bradenstoke Priory, Bradenstoke, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried on 4 Dec 1174.
Hélie next married Bertrand Count of Toulouse 297 in 1095. Bertrand died in 1112.
227. Renaud I Count of Mousson, Count of Bar-le-Duc 74 222 was born about 1077 in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, France and died on 10 Mar 1149 about age 72. Other names for Renaud were Reinald I Count of Mousson, Count of Bar-le-Duc, and Renaud I kEEP Comte de Bar.
Renaud married Gisele of Vaudemont.,74 298 daughter of Gerard of Lorraine, Count of Vaudemont and Helwide Countess of Egisheim. Gisele was born about 1090 in Vaudemont, Meurthe-et-Moselle, France and died after 1141. Another name for Gisele was Gisele de Vaudemont.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 298 F i. Clémence de Bar-le-Duc Countess of Dammartin 74 299 was born about 1110 in <Dammartin, Île-de-France>, France and died after 20 Jan 1183.
228. Maud of Huntingdon 195 224 was born in 1072 and died 1130 or 1131 at age 58. Other names for Maud were Matilda of Huntingdon, and Maude of Huntingdon.
Research Notes: Widow of Simon de St. Liz.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 130-28. Countess of Huntingdon and Northumberland
Maud married Simon de Senlis Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton about 1090, son of Ranulph the Rich and Unknown. Simon died in 1111. Other names for Simon were Simon de St. Liz, and Simon de Senliz Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton.
Maud next married David I "The Saint" King of Scots 1113 or 1114, son of Malcolm III Canmore King of Scots and St. Margaret of Scotland. David was born about 1080 and died on 24 May 1153 in Carlisle about age 73.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crowned: King of Scots, 23 Apr 1124. King of Scots 23 Apr. 1124-1153.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 299 M i. Henry of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon 195 264 was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38.
229. Alice Huntingdon 48 155 was born about 1085 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died after 1126. Other names for Alice were Adelise, and Adeliza Huntingdon.
Alice married Ralph de Toeni de Conches 48 in 1103 in England, son of Ralph de Toeni de Conches and Isabel de Montfort. Ralph was born about 1079 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died about 1126 in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France about age 47, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France. Another name for Ralph was Ralph de Conches.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 138)
230. Adeliza de Clare 227 228 was born between 1066 and 1080 in <Essex, England> and died in 1163 in <Clare, Suffolk, England>. Other names for Adeliza were Alice de Clare, Alice Fitz Richard, Adeliza fitz Richard, and Alice fitz Richard.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1077, Essex, England.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere II
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 246-25
Adeliza married Aubrey II de Vere Sheriff of London and Middlesex.,161 300 301 302 son of Aubrey I de Vere and Beatrice de Gand. Aubrey was born about 1080 in <Hedingham, Essex, England>, died on 15 May 1141 in London, Middlesex, England about age 61, and was buried in Colne Priory, Earls Colne, Essex, England. Other names for Aubrey were Alberic de Ver, and Albericus de Ver.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 300 M i. Aubrey III de Vere 1st Earl of Oxford and Count of Guînes was born about 1115 and died on 26 Dec 1194 about age 79.
+ 301 F ii. Rohese de Vere Countess of Essex 33 161 303 was born about 1103 in <Hedingham, Essex, England>, died after 21 Oct 1166 in <England>, and was buried in Chicksands Priory, Bedfordshire, England.
302 M iii. Alice de Vere of Essex .
303 M iv. Robert de Vere .
+ 305 F vi. Juliana de Vere 302 304 was born about 1116 in <Hedingham, Essex, England>, was christened in Hedingham, Essex, England, and died about 1199 about age 83.
306 M vii. William de Vere Bishop of Hereford .
233. Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare Lord of Clare, Suffolk 33 229 230 was born between 1084 and 1090 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England, was christened in Clare, Suffolk, England, died on 15 Apr 1136 near Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, England, and was buried in Gloucester. Other names for Richard were Richard de Clare Earl of Hertford and Earl of Clare, Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare Lord of Clare, Suffolk, Richard Fitz Gilbert Lord of Clare, and Suffolk.
Death Notes: Slain by the Welsh near Abergavenny
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Richard de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford :
Lineage
Richard FitzGilbert de Clare. 1st Earl of Hertford (1094-15 April 1136 ) was the son of Gilbert Fitz Richard de Clare and Alice de Claremont also known as Adeliza de Claremont .
He founded the priory of Tonbridge .
Welsh revolt
Richard held the Lordship of Ceredigion in Wales . A Welsh revolt against Norman rule had begun in south Wales where, on 1 January 1136 the Welsh won a victory over the local Norman forces between Loughor and Swansea .
Ambush & death
Richard had been away from his lordship in the early part of the year. Returning to the borders of Wales in April, he ignored warnings of the danger and pressed on toward Ceredigion with only a small force. He had not gone far when he was ambushed and killed by the men of Gwent under Iorwerth ab Owain and his brother Morgan, grandsons of Caradog ap Gruffydd , in a woody tract called "the ill-way of Coed Grano", near Llanthony Abbey , north of Abergavenny .
Spur for Welsh invasion
The news of Richard's death induced Owain Gwynedd , son of Gruffydd ap Cynan , king of Gwynedd to invade his Lordship. In alliance with Gruffydd ap Rhys of Deheubarth , he won a crushing victory over the Normans at the Battle of Crug Mawr , just outside Cardigan . The town of Cardigan was taken and burnt, and Richard's widow, Adelize, took refuge in Cardigan Castle , which was successfully defended by Robert fitz Martin . She was rescued by Miles of Gloucester who led an expedition to bring her to safety in England .
Richard married Adelize de Gernon 33 230 294 about 1116, daughter of Ranulf le Meschin 3rd Earl of Chester and Lucy of Bolingbroke. Adelize was born about 1094 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1128 about age 34. Other names for Adelize were Alice de Gernon, Alicia de Gernon, Adeliza de Meschines, and Alice de Meschines.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 308 M i. Roger de Clare 3rd Earl of Hertford 33 305 306 was born in 1116 in <Tunbridge Castle>, Kent, England, died in 1173 in Oxfordshire, England at age 57, and was buried in Eynsham Priory, Oxfordshire, England.
309 M ii. Gilbert de Clare 307 was born in 1115 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England and died in 1153 at age 38.
+ 310 F iii. Alice de Clare 178 was born about 1102 in <Tunbridge, Kent>, England and died after 1148 in England.
234. Rohese Fitz Richard 162 was born about 1090 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died in 1149 in England about age 59. Another name for Rohese was Rohesia de Clare.
Rohese married Badeion de Monmouth of Monmouth, Monmouthshire.308
The child from this marriage was:
+ 311 F i. Rohese de Monmouth .308
235. Margaret de Rie 33 232 was born in 1065 in <Rycott, Oxford>, England and died in <England>. Another name for Margaret was Margaret De Rie.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1088, Rycott, Oxford, England.
Margaret married William de Mandeville 33 309 about 1083 in England, son of Geoffrey de Mandeville and Adeliza de Balts. William was born in 1062 in <Rycott, Oxford>, England and died in 1130 in England at age 68.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 312 M i. Geoffrey de Mandeville 33 310 311 was born in 1092 in <Rycott, Oxford, England>, died on 14 Sep 1144 in Mildenhall, Suffolk, England at age 52, and was buried in New Temple Church, Holborn, Suffolk, England.
236. Fulk V "the Young" Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem 234 was born in 1092 in Anjou, France and died on 10 Nov 1144 in Jerusalem, Palestine at age 52. Another name for Fulk was Fulk V Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem.
Research Notes: From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871915 :
Count of Anjou; King of Jerusalem (1131-1143). Fulk married the only daughter of Helias, Count of Maine, thereby uniting Anjou and Maine. In 1120 he went on pilgrimage to the Holy Land. In 1128 a delegation from Baldwin II, King of Jerusalem (RIN # 4676), arrived in France, asking Louis VII to choose one of the French nobility to marry his daughter Melisande and become heir to the throne of Jerusalem. Fulk, by then a widower, was chosen. He married Melisande in 1129 and succeeded as King of Jerusalem in 1131. To defend the holy city from the Muslim champion, Zengi, Fulk allied with the emir of Damascus and the emperor of Constantinople during the early 1130's. Turkish raiders took him prisoner in 1137, but then freed him.
!The Plantagenet Chronicles: 19,37-9,46-8,60-1
Fulk married Erembourg Countess of Maine 312 in 1110, daughter of Helie de la Flęche Count of Maine and Unknown. Erembourg died in 1126.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 313 M i. Geoffrey V Plantagenet Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy 243 was born on 24 Aug 1113 in Anjou, France, died on 7 Sep 1151 at age 38, and was buried in Le Mans, France.
+ 314 F ii. Sybil of Anjou 251 was born in 1112 and died in 1165 at age 53.
Fulk next married Melisende de Rethel 313 on 2 Jun 1129. Melisende died on 11 Sep 1161.
237. Agnes de Montfort 89 was born about 1123 in <Montfort-de-Risle, Eure>, France and died on 15 Dec 1181 about age 58. Another name for Agnes was Elizabeth de Montfort.
Agnes married Waleran IV de Beaumont Count of Meulan 89 193 about 1141 in Normandie, France, son of Sir Robert de Beaumont 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan and Isabel de Vermandois Countess of Leicester. Waleran was born in 1104 in <Meulan, Île-de-France>, France, died on 10 Apr 1166 in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France at age 62, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 202)
238. Margaret of Hereford 237 died in 1146. Other names for Margaret were Margaret de Gloucester, and Margery of Hereford.
Margaret married Humphrey III de Bohun Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford.,314 315 son of Humphrey II "the Great" de Bohun Lord of Bohun and Maud d'Evreux. Humphrey was born about 1057 and died about 1129 about age 72. Another name for Humphrey was Humphrey "the Magnificent" de Bohun Lord of Bohun.
Noted events in his life were:
• Steward and sewer: to King Henry I.
• Steward and sewer: to Empress Maud.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 315 M i. Humphrey IV de Bohun Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford 316 died about 1182.
239. Bertha of Hereford 58 236 238 was born about 1130 in <Gloucester, Gloucestershire, > England. Other names for Bertha were Bertha de Pitres, and Bertha de Gloucester.
Bertha married William de Braose 3rd Lord of Bramber 58 317 318 about 1150, son of Philip de Braose 2nd Lord of Bramber, Sussex and Aenor de Totenais. William was born about 1100 in Brecon, Breconshire, [Powys], Wales and died about 1193 in England about age 93. Another name for William was William de Braose of Brecknock, Abergavenney and Gower.
Noted events in his life were:
• 1st Baron of Gwentland:
• Acquired: lordships of Brecon and Abergavenny, 1166. upon the death of his wife's fourth and last brother. (Her brothers all died without heirs.)
• Sheriff of Hereford: 1174.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 316 F i. Sibyl de Braose 89 319 was born about 1157 in Bramber, Sussex, England and died after 5 Feb 1228 in England.
+ 317 M ii. William de Braose 5th Lord de Braose 162 320 was born about 1175 in <Bramber, Sussex>, England, died on 9 Aug 1211 in Corbeil near Paris, Marne, France about age 36, and was buried on 10 Aug 1211 in France.
+ 318 F iii. Bertha de Braose 58 was born about 1151 in Bramber, Sussex, England and died in 1170 in England about age 19.
247. Imergi Somerledson 3 was born about 1050 in <Scotland>. Another name for Imergi was Gilledoman Somerledson.
Imergi married
+ 319 M i. Gillebride 3 was born about 1080 in <Scotland>.
248. Ingebiorg Hakonsdatter 7 was born about 1106 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
Ingebiorg married Olave I Bitling King of the Isle of Man.,7 son of Godfred Crovan Haraldson and Unknown. Olave was born about 1080 in <Isle of Man> and died after 1153 in Isle of Man (Mann).
The child from this marriage was:
+ 320 F i. Ragnhild Olafsdatter 7 was born about 1117 in <Isle of Man>.
249. Adam Brus 92 was born about 1051 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died between 1080 and 1098. Another name for Adam was Adelm Brus.
Adam married Emma Ramsey.92 Emma was born about 1062 in <Carrick, Argyllshire, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 321 M i. Robert de Brus 1st Lord of Annandale 321 was born about 1071 in <Skelton, Yorkshire, England>, died on 11 May 1141 in Skelton, Yorkshire, England about age 70, and was buried in Gisborough Priory, Guisborough, North Yorkshire, England.
250. Ralph de Gael de Montfort 241 was born about 1078 in Montfort, Normandy, France. Other names for Ralph were Ralph of Montfort, Ralph of Gael, and Ralph de Waiet Seigneur de Gael de Montfort.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester
Also Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 63-25 (Sir Robert de Beaumont) - Ralph de Gael de Montfort; line 53-25 (Sir Robert de Beaumont) - Seigneur of Montford de Gael in Brittany.
Noted events in his life were:
• Seigneur of Montford de Gael: in Brittany.
Ralph married
+ 322 F i. Amice de Gael de Montfort 2 241 257 was born about 1108 and died 31 Aug 1168 or 1169 about age 60.
251. Ralph de Toeni de Conches 48 was born about 1130 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1162 about age 32. Another name for Ralph was Ralph de Conches.
Ralph married
+ 323 M i. Roger de Toeni 48 was born about 1156 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died about Jan 1209 about age 53.
252. Groa Thorsteinsdatter 3 was born about 873 in <Hvammi, Dala, Iceland>.
Groa married Duncan Earl of Caithness.3 Duncan was born about 871 in <Caithness, Scotland>. Another name for Duncan was Dungad Earl of Caithness.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 324 F i. Grelod Duncansdatter 3 was born about 898 in <Caithness, Scotland>.
253. Estrid Svensdatter Princess of Denmark 48 was born about 997 in Denmark and was buried in Cathedral, Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark. Another name for Estrid was Margrete Svensdatter.
Estrid married Ulf Thorgilsson.,48 son of Thorgil "Sprakaleg" Styrjornsson and Sigrid. Ulf was born about 993 in <Halland>, Sweden, died on 29 Sep 1027 in Roskilde, Denmark about age 34, and was buried in Hellige-Trefolg, Kirken, Roskilde, , Denmark.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 325 M i. Bjorn Ulfiusson 48 was born about 1021 in <Denmark> and died about 1049 about age 28.
254. Thorgil "Sprakaleg" Styrjornsson 48 was born about 970 in <Uppsala, Uppsala>, Sweden.
Thorgil married Sigrid.48 Sigrid was born about 971 in <Halland>, Sweden.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 326 M i. Ulf Thorgilsson 48 was born about 993 in <Halland>, Sweden, died on 29 Sep 1027 in Roskilde, Denmark about age 34, and was buried in Hellige-Trefolg, Kirken, Roskilde, , Denmark.
255. Bjorn "the Old" Eriksson King of Sweden 48 was born about 867 in <Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden> and died about 950 about age 83.
Bjorn married
+ 327 M i. Olof "Mitkg" Bjornsson King of Sweden 48 was born about 885 in Sweden.
256. Anund "the Trail Blazer" King in Sweden 1 242 was born in Sweden. Other names for Anund were Braut-Önundr, Brřt-Anundr, and Onund "Braut" Ingvarsson King in Sweden.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Anund :
Brřt-Anundr (Old East Norse ) or Braut-Önundr (Old West Norse ) (meaning trail-blazer Anund or Anund the land-clearer) was a legendary Swedish king of the House of Yngling who reigned in the mid-seventh century. The name would have been Proto-Norse *Anuwinduz [1] , meaning "winning ancestor".
In his Ynglinga saga , Snorri Sturluson relates that Anund succeeded his father Ingvar on the Swedish throne, and after his father's wars against Danish vikings and Estonian pirates, peace reigned over Sweden and there were good harvests. Anund was a popular king who became very rich, not only because of the peace and the good harvests but also because he avenged his father in Estonia. That country was ravaged far and wide and in the autumn Anund returned with great riches.
In those days Sweden was dominated by vast and uninhabited forests, so Anund started making roads and clearing land and vast districts were settled by Swedes. Consequently he was named Bröt-Anund. He made a house for himself in every district and used to stay as a guest in many homes.
One autumn, King Anund was travelling between his halls (see Husbys ) and came to a place called Himinheiđr (sky heath) between two mountains. He was surprised by a landslide which killed him.
Anund married
+ 328 M i. Ingjald "Illrĺde" Anundsson King in Sweden 1 322 was born about 660 in Sweden.
23rd Generation 257. Henry II "Curtmantel" King of England was born on 5 Mar 1132 in Le Mans, France, died on 6 Jul 1189 at age 57, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France. Another name for Henry was King Henry II of England.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-24
Henry married Eleanor of Aquitaine on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux, France. Eleanor was born about 1124, died on 31 Mar 1204 in Fontevrault about age 80, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 329 F i. Eleanor of England 323 324 was born on 13 Oct 1162 in Domfront, Normandy and died on 31 Oct 1214 at age 52.
+ 330 M ii. KingJohn "Lackland" of England 325 326 was born 24 Dec 1166 or 1167 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England, died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Lincolnshire, England at age 49, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England.
Henry had a relationship with Ida de Tosny.327 328 This couple did not marry. Another name for Ida is Ida de Toesny.
+ 331 M i. William Longspée 3rd Earl of Salisbury 92 329 was born about 1176 in England, died on 7 Mar 1226 in Salisbury Castle, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried in Salisbury Cathedral, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.
258. Constance Princess of Bretagne 7 was born about 1118 in <Bretagne, France>.
Constance married Alan La Zouche 7 about 1123. Alan was born about 1093 in <Rohan, Brittany, France>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 332 M i. Geoffrey La Zouche 7 was born about 1126 in <Rohan, Brittany, France>.
259. Maud FitzRobert of Gloucester 178 246 247 was born about 1120 in Glouchestershire, England and died on 29 Jul 1190 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 70. Another name for Maud was Maud de Caen of Gloucester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Maud of Gloucester
Maud of Gloucester, Countess of Chester (died 29 July 1190), also known as Maud FitzRobert, was an Anglo-Norman noblewoman, and the daughter of Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester , an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England . Her husband was Ranulf de Gernon , 4th Earl of Chester, whom she allegedly poisoned with the assistance of William Peverel of Nottingham .[1]
Family
Lady Maud FitzRobert was born on an unknown date, the daughter of Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester and Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester . She had seven siblings including William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester and Roger, Bishop of Worcester . She also had an illegitimate half-brother, Richard, Bishop of Bayeux, whom her father sired by Isabel de Douvres.
Her paternal grandparents were King Henry I of England and his mistress, Sybil Corbet. Her maternal grandparents were Robert FitzHamon , Lord of Gloucester and Glamorgan , and Sybil de Montgomery, daughter of Roger de Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Mabel Talvas of Belleme.
Marriage and children
Sometime before 1141, Lady Maud married Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester. She assumed the title of Countess of Chester upon her marriage. Her husband had considerable autonomy in his palatine earldom.
Shortly after their marriage, in January 1141, Maud was besieged at Lincoln Castle by the forces of King Stephen of England . A relief army, loyal to Empress Matilda and led by her father, defeated the King in the fierce fighting which followed, which became known as the First Battle of Lincoln . In return for his help in repelling the King's troops, Maud's father compelled Ranulf to swear fealty to his half-sister Matilda. Ranulf was seized by King Stephen at court in Northampton on 29 August 1146. Stephen later granted him the castle and city of Lincoln sometime after 1151.[2]
Together Ranulf and Maud had three children:
Ranulf had an illegitimate son, Robert FitzCount (died before 1166), by an unknown mistress. His date of birth was not recorded. Robert married as her second husband, Agnes FitzNeel.
On 16 December 1153, Maud allegedly poisoned her husband with the assistance of William Peverel of Nottingham. In 1172, she founded Repton Priory in Derbyshire .[3]
The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property Wadinton de feodo comitis Cestrie, held by Maud, Countess of Chester.[2]
Maud died on 29 July 1190. The Annals of Tewkesbury records the death in 1190 of Maud, Countess of Chester.[2]
Maud married Ranulf IV de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester 7 293 about 1141, son of Ranulf le Meschin 3rd Earl of Chester and Lucy of Bolingbroke. Ranulf was born about 1100 in Gernon Castle, Normandy, France, died on 16 Dec 1153 about age 53, and was buried in St. Werburg's, Chester, Cheshire, England. Other names for Ranulf were Ranulph de Gernon Earl of Chester, Vicomte d'Avranches in Normandy, Ranulf de Guernan Earl of Chester, Vicomte d'Avranches, and Ranulph "de Gernon" de Meschines Earl of Chester.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 333 M i. Hugh of Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Chester 330 331 was born in 1147 in Kevelioc, Monmouthshire and died on 30 Jun 1181 in Leek, Staffordshire, England at age 34.
+ 334 M ii. Simon III de Montfort Count of Evreux 332 died about 1181.
+ 335 F iii. Joanna de Meschines 178 was born about 1145 in <Chester, Cheshire>, England.
260. William FitzRobert 2nd Earl of Gloucester was born about 1128 and died on 23 Nov 1183 about age 55.
Research Notes: 2nd Earl of Gloucester, Lord of Tewkesbury and Glamorgan
2nd Earl of Gloucester, Lord of the manor of Glamorgan and of Cardiff Castle
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 123-27.
Also line 63-26 (Hawise de Beaumont)
William married Hawise de Beaumont of Leicester about 1150, daughter of Sir Robert de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester and Amice de Gael de Montfort. Hawise died on 24 Apr 1197.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 336 F i. Amice FitzWilliam Countess of Gloucester 333 334 was born about 1160 and died on 1 Jan 1225 about age 65.
261. Uchtred Lord of Galloway 182 248 was born about 1118 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died on 22 Sep 1174 about age 56. Another name for Uchtred was Uchtred of Galloway.
Uchtred married Gunnild of Dunbar 182 335 about 1156 in Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland, daughter of Waltheof Lord of Allerdale and Sigrid. Gunnild was born about 1134 in <Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 337 M i. Roland Lord of Galloway 182 336 was born about 1164 in <Galloway, Perthshire, Scotland>, died on 19 Dec 1200 in Northamptonshire, England about age 36, and was buried in Abbey of Saint Andrew, Northamptonshire, England.
262. Marie of Blois, Countess of Boulogne 250 was born in 1136 and died in 1182 at age 46. Another name for Marie was Mary of Blois.
Research Notes: Countess of Boulogne in her own right.
Marie married Matthew of Alsace, Count of Boulogne.,252 son of Thierry I of Lorraine, Count of Flanders and Sybil of Anjou.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 338 F i. Mathilde of Flanders 337 died between 1210 and 1211.
263. Isabel de Montlhéry Viscomtessa de Troyes .185 Another name for Isabel is Elizabeth de Montlhéry Viscomtessa de Troyes.
Isabel married Thibaud Seigneur de Dampierre.,338 son of Gautier de Moëlan and Unknown. Thibaud died in 1107.
Noted events in his life were:
• Seigneur de St. Just:
• Seigneur de St. Dizier en Champagne:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 339 M i. Guy I Vicomte de Troyes 339 died in 1151.
264. Matthew of Alsace, Count of Boulogne .252
Matthew married Marie of Blois, Countess of Boulogne.,250 daughter of Stephen of Blois, King of England and Matilda of Boulogne. Marie was born in 1136 and died in 1182 at age 46. Another name for Marie was Mary of Blois.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 262)
266. Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor was born in 1122, died on 10 Jun 1190 at age 68, and was buried in Holy Land. Other names for Frederick were Barbarossa, Frederick I "Barbarossa" Emperor of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick III "Barbarosa" Duke of Swabia, and Friedrich I Holy Roman Emperor.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 45-26 :
FREDERICK III, Barbarossa, (Emperor of Germany 1152, as Frederick I), b. 1122, d. 10 June 1190, on the Third Crusade and was bur. somewhere in the Holy Land, Duke of Alsace and Swabia
Wikipedia has much, much more.
Frederick married Beatrix of Burgundy in 1156, daughter of Renaud III Count of Burgundy and Agatha. Beatrix died 15 Nov 1184 or 1185.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 340 M i. Philip II of Swabia, King of Germany 340 341 was born in 1177 and died on 21 Jun 1208 in Bamburg, Germany at age 31.
267. Albri de Luzarches Count of Dammartin 105 256 was born about 1135 in <Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne>, France, died on 19 Sep 1200 in London, Middlesex, England about age 65, and was buried in Abbaye de Jumieges, Jumieges, Seine-Maritime, France. Other names for Albri were Alberic II Count of Dammartin, and Aubrey II Count of Dammartin.
Research Notes: Count of Dammartin by right of his wife
Noted events in his life were:
• Chamberlain of France: 1155-1160.
Albri married Mathilda of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin.,74 342 daughter of Renaud II Count of Clermont in Beauvaisis and Clémence de Bar-le-Duc Countess of Dammartin. Mathilda was born about 1138 in <Pontieu, Ain>, France and died after Oct 1200. Other names for Mathilda were Mabilie of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin, Mahaut de Ponthieu, Maud of Clermont, and Ponthieu & Dammartin.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 341 F i. Agnes de Dammartin 105 343 was born about 1166 in <Buckinghamshire>, England and died in 1237 about age 71.
342 M ii. Simon de Dammartin Count of Aumale 344 died in 1239.
343 F iii. Juliane de Dammartin .345
268. Sir Robert de Beaumont 3rd Earl of Leicester 2 258 259 was born about 1121 in Beaumont, France and died on 31 Aug 1190 in Durazzo, West Albania about age 69. Another name for Robert was Robert "Blanchemains" de Harcourt 3rd Earl of Leicester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester (died 1190 ) was an English nobleman, one of the principal followers of Henry the Young King in the Revolt of 1173-1174 against his father Henry II . He is also called Robert Blanchemains (meaning "White Hands" in French ).
He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester , a staunch supporter of Henry II, and he inherited from his father large estates in England and Normandy .
When the revolt of the younger Henry broke out in April 1173 , Robert went to his castle at Breteuil in Normandy . The rebels' aim was to take control of the duchy, but Henry II himself led an army to besiege the castle; Robert fled, and the Breteuil was taken on September 25 or 26.
Robert apparently went to Flanders , where he raised a large force of mercenaries, and landed at Walton, Suffolk , on September 29 , 1173. He joined forces with Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk , and the two marched west, aiming to cut England in two across the Midlands and to relieve the king's siege of Robert's castle at Leicester . However, they were intercepted by the king's supporters and defeated in battle at Fornham , near Bury St Edmunds , on October 17 . Robert, along with his wife and many others, was taken prisoner. Henry II took away the earl's lands and titles as well.
He remained in captivity until January 1177 , well after most of the other prisoners had been released. The king was in a strong position and could afford to be merciful; not long after his release Robert's lands and titles were restored, but not his castles. All but two of his castles had been destroyed, and those two (Montsorrel in Leicestershire and Pacy in Normandy) remained in the king's hands.
Robert had little influence in the remaining years of Henry II's reign, but was restored to favor by Richard I . He carried one of the swords of state at Richard's coronation in 1189 . In 1190 Robert went on pilgrimage to Palestine , but he died in Greece on his return journey.
Family
Robert married Pernelle[1], who was either a granddaughter or great-granddaughter of Hugh de Grandmesnil . They had five children:
Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis; Lines 53-26, 53-27
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader: 1179.
Robert married Petronilla de Grandmesnil 1 259 346 about 1155, daughter of Hugh de Grandmesnil and Alice Beaumont. Petronilla was born about 1134 in <Leicestershire>, England and died on 1 Apr 1212 in Leicester, Leicestershire, England about age 78. Other names for Petronilla were Pernelle de Grandmesnil, Petronella de Grentemaisnil, and Petronille de Grentmesnil.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 344 F i. Margaret de Beaumont 2 347 348 was born about 1156 in <Hampshire>, England and died about 12 Jan 1235 about age 79.
345 M ii. Robert de Beaumont 4th Earl of Leicester died about 21 Oct 1204. Another name for Robert was Robert FitzPernel.
Robert married Loretta de Braose after 1196.
346 M iii. Roger de Beaumont Bishop of St Andrews .
Noted events in his life were:
• Became: Bishop of St Andrews, 1189.
347 M iv. William de Beaumont .
269. Hawise de Beaumont of Leicester died on 24 Apr 1197.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester
Also Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 63-26
Hawise married William FitzRobert 2nd Earl of Gloucester about 1150, son of Robert de Caen 1st Earl of Gloucester and Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester. William was born about 1128 and died on 23 Nov 1183 about age 55.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 260)
272. Robert de Beaumont Count of Meulan 89 was born about 1140 in Meulan, Normandy, France and died in Oct 1207 in Palestine about age 67.
Robert married Maud de Dunstanville 89 in 1165 in Cornwall, England, daughter of Rainald de Dunstanville and Beatrice FitzWilliam. Maud was born about 1143 in Dunstanville, Kent, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 349 F i. Mabel de Beaumont 89 was born about 1168 in <Meulan, Normandy>, France and died after 1 May 1204.
273. Isabelle de Warenne Countess of Surrey 263 died on 13 Jul 1199. Another name for Isabelle was Isabel de Warenne Countess of Surrey.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
In [Elizabeth's] second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
Isabelle married William of Blois, Count of Boulogne. William died in 1159.
Isabelle next married Hamelin Plantagenet 5th Earl of Surrey 349 350 in Apr 1164, son of Geoffrey V Plantagenet Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy and < >. Hamelin was born about 1129, died on 7 May 1202 about age 73, and was buried in Chapter House, Lewes Priory, Surrey, England. Other names for Hamelin were Hamelin Earl of Surrey, and Hamelin de Warenne 5th Earl of Surrey.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 350 M i. William de Warenne 6th Earl of Surrey was born about 1174 in Surrey, England, died on 27 May 1240 in London, England about age 66, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England.
+ 351 F ii. Maud de Warenne 351 352 was born about 1162 and died before 13 Dec 1228.
274. Margaret of Huntingdon 265 died in 1201.
Research Notes: Second wife of Alan, Lord of Galloway.
Margaret married Humphrey IV de Bohun Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford 316 in 1175, son of Humphrey III de Bohun Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford and Margaret of Hereford. Humphrey died about 1182.
Noted events in his life were:
• Hereditary Constable of England:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 352 M i. Henry de Bohun 5th Earl of Hereford 353 354 was born in 1176 and died on 1 Jun 1220 at age 44.
Margaret next married Alan Lord of Galloway 182 in 1209, son of Roland Lord of Galloway and Elena de Morville. Alan was born about 1186 in <Galloway, Wigtownshire, Scotland>, died in 1234 about age 48, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland. Another name for Alan was Alan de Galloway.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland: 1215-1234.
275. Waleran de Beaumont 4th Earl of Warwick 268 269 was born before 1153 and died on 24 Dec 1204. Another name for Waleran was Walerian de Newburg.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, Line 84-26, has: "d. 24 Dec. 1203 or bef. 13 Oct. 1204"
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick :
Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick (1153 - 12 December 1204 ) was the younger son of Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick and Gundred de Warrenne , daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was also known as Walerian de Newburg.
After his brother 's death an impostor arose, claiming to be the deceased Earl; he gave Waleran a great deal of trouble in maintaining his claim. He does not appear to have been a great soldier, for he paid scutage money to escape military service in Wales . His position in the Court is attested by his bearing the right hand Sword of State at the Coronation of King John , 27 May 1199 .
He liberally supported the hospital of St. Michael's Hospital, Warwick and gave to the nuns of Pinley land at Claverdon , and land at Brailes to the nuns at Wroxall, Warwickshire .
Family and children
He married first to Margery, daughter of Henry d'Oily and Maud de Bohun and had children:
Henry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of Warwick , his heir.
Waleran de Beaumont of Gretham and Cotismore .
Gundred de Beaumont. She and her cousin Mabel became nuns at the Abbey of Pinley .
His second wife was Alice de Harcourt, widow of John de Limesy, Lord of Cavendish, daughter of Robert de Harcourt and had one child:
Alice de Beaumont (died before 1263), married William de Maudit , Baron of Hanslape , Chamberlain to the King. They children were:
William Maudit, 8th Earl of Warwick ;
Isabel de Maudit , married William de Beauchamp , Baron Emley. Their son was William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick .
Waleran married Margery d'Oilly.355
Waleran next married Alice de Harcourt 356 about 1196, daughter of Robert de Harcourt of Stanton-Harcourt, Oxfordshire and Isabel Camville. Alice died after 1212.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 353 F i. Alice de Beaumont 357 died between 1246 and 1263.
276. Avice de Lancaster 199 271 was born about 1155 in Cumberland, England and died on 1 Jan 1191 about age 36. Another name for Avice was Avicia de Lancaster.
Avice married Richard de Morville of Lauder in Lauderdale.,271 358 son of Hugh de Morville and Beatrice de Beauchamp. Richard was born about 1143 in <Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland, England> and died in 1189 about age 46.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 354 F i. Elena de Morville 271 358 was born about 1172 in <Kirkoswald, Cumberland, England>, died on 11 Jun 1217 about age 45, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
355 M ii. William de Morville 271 died in 1196.
277. Sancho I King of Portugal was born on 11 Nov 1154 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal and died on 26 Mar 1212 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 57.
Research Notes: Wikipedia - Afonso II of Portugal
From Wikipedia - Sancho I of Portugal :
Sancho I (pronounced ['s??u] ; rarely translated to Sanctius I), nicknamed the Populator (Portuguese o Povoador), second monarch of Portugal , was born on November 11 , 1154 in Coimbra and died on March 26 , 1212 in the same city. He was the second but only surviving legitimate son and fourth child of Afonso I Henriques of Portugal by his wife, Maud of Savoy . Sancho succeeded his father in 1185 . He used the title King of the Algarve and/or King of Silves between 1189 and 1191
In 1170 , Sancho was knighted by his father, King Afonso I, and from then on he became his second in command, both administratively and militarily. At this time, the independence of Portugal (declared in 1139 ) was not firmly established. The kings of León and Castile were trying to re-annex the country and the Roman Catholic Church was late in giving its blessing and approval. Due to this situation Afonso I had to search for allies within the Iberian Peninsula . Portugal made an alliance with the Kingdom of Aragon and together they fought Castile and León. To secure the agreement, Infante Sancho of Portugal married, in 1174 , Infanta Dulce Berenguer , younger sister of King Alfonso II of Aragon . Aragon was thus the first Iberian kingdom to recognize the independence of Portugal.
With the death of Afonso I in 1185 , Sancho I became the second king of Portugal. Coimbra was the centre of his kingdom; Sancho terminated the exhausting and generally pointless wars against his neighbours for control of the Galician borderlands. Instead, he turned all his attentions to the south, towards the Moorish small kingdoms (called taifas ) that still thrived. With Crusader help he took Silves in 1191 . Silves was an important city of the South, an administrative and commercial town with population estimates around 20,000 people. Sancho ordered the fortification of the city and built a castle which is today an important monument of Portuguese heritage. However, military attention soon had to be turned again to the North, where León and Castile threatened again the Portuguese borders. Silves was again lost to the Moors. It should be noted that the global Muslim population had climbed to about 6 per cent as against the Christian population of 12 per cent by 1200.
Sancho I dedicated much of his reign to political and administrative organization of the new kingdom. He accumulated a national treasure, supported new industries and the middle class of merchants. Moreover, he created several new towns and villages (like Guarda in 1199 ) and took great care in populating remote areas in the northern Christian regions of Portugal, notably with Flemings and Burgundians - hence the nickname "the Populator". The king was also known for his love of knowledge and literature. Sancho I wrote several books of poems and used the royal treasure to send Portuguese students to European universities.
Sancho married Dulce Berenguer of Barcelona in 1174, daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona and Unknown. Dulce was born in 1152 and died in 1198 at age 46.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 356 M i. Afonso II King of Portugal was born on 23 Apr 1185 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, died on 25 Mar 1223 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 37, and was buried in Santa Cruz Monastery, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
278. Urraca of Portugal 61 274 was born about 1150 in <Coimbra, Coimbra>, Portugal and died on 16 Oct 1188 in Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain about age 38. Another name for Urraca was Urraca Affonsez of Portugal.
Urraca married Fernando II King of Leon 61 279 about Jun 1165 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, son of Alfonso VII King of Castile and Léon and Berenguela of Barcelona. Marriage status: annulment in Jun 1175. Fernando was born in 1137 in <Toledo, Castile>, Spain and died on 22 Jan 1188 in Benavente, Zamora, Castile, Spain at age 51. Other names for Fernando were Ferdinand II King of Leon, and Fernando II Alfonsez King of Leon.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Leon: 1157-1188.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 357 M i. Alfonso IX King of Leon 61 359 was born on 15 Aug 1171 in Zamora, Leon, Spain and died on 24 Sep 1230 in Villanueva de Sarria, Lugo, Spain at age 59.
279. Geoffroi III de Joinville Sénéchal of Champagne and of Bar-sur-Seine 275 was born before 1127 and died in 1188.
Research Notes: Sénéchal of Champagne 1127-1188, and of Bar-sur-Seine
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 71A-27
Noted events in his life were:
• Sénéchal of Champagne: 1127-1188.
• Sénéchal of Bar-sur-Seine:
Geoffroi married Félicité de Brienne 360 before 1141, daughter of Erard I Count of Brienne and Alix de Rameru Dame of Rameru. Félicité died on 21 Jul 1178.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 358 M i. Geoffroi IV de Joinville Sénéchal of Champagne 361 died in Aug 1190 in Acre, Palestine.
280. Sancho III of Castile 277 278 was born in 1134 and died on 30 Aug 1158 at age 24. Another name for Sancho was Sancho "el Deseado" of Castile.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Sancho III of Castile :
Sancho III of Castile (1134 - 31 August 1158) was King of Castile and Toledo for one year, from 1157 to 1158. During the Reconquista , in which he took an active part, he founded the Order of Calatrava . He was called el Deseado (the Desired) due to his position as the first child of his parents, born after eight years of childless marriage.
He was the eldest son of King Alfonso VII of Castile and Berenguela of Barcelona . During his father's reign, he appears as "king of Nájera " as early as 1149. His father's will partitioned the kingdom between his two sons: Sancho inherited the kingdoms of Castile and Toledo, and Fernando inherited Leon. The two brothers had just signed a treaty when Sancho suddenly died in the summer of 1158, being buried at Toledo. He had married in 1151 to Blanca of Navarre , daughter of García Ramírez of Navarre , having two sons, his successor Alfonso VIII of Castile , and infante García, who died at birth in 1156, apparently also resulting in the death of Blanca. There may also have been an older son who died in infancy.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Castile and Toledo: 1157-1158.
Sancho married Blanca Garcés of Navarre 362 363 on 30 Jan 1151 in Catahorra, Logrońo, daughter of Garcia VII of Navarre and Marguerite de l'Aigle. Blanca was born after 1133, died on 12 Aug 1156, and was buried in Monastery of Santa Maria la Real of Najera. Other names for Blanca were Blanca of Navarre, Blanche of Navarre, and Sancha of Navarre.
Noted events in her life were:
• Betrothal: to Sancho III, 15 Oct 1140.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 359 M i. Alfonso VIII "the Noble" King of Castile 364 365 was born on 11 Nov 1155 and died on 5 Oct 1214 at age 58.
283. Fernando II King of Leon 61 279 was born in 1137 in <Toledo, Castile>, Spain and died on 22 Jan 1188 in Benavente, Zamora, Castile, Spain at age 51. Other names for Fernando were Ferdinand II King of Leon, and Fernando II Alfonsez King of Leon.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Leon: 1157-1188.
Fernando married Urraca of Portugal 61 274 about Jun 1165 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, daughter of Afonso I King of Portugal and Maud of Savoy. Marriage status: annulment in Jun 1175. Urraca was born about 1150 in <Coimbra, Coimbra>, Portugal and died on 16 Oct 1188 in Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain about age 38. Another name for Urraca was Urraca Affonsez of Portugal.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 278)
284. Otto II Count of Chiny died on 28 Mar 1125.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-23 (Adelaide of Namur)
Otto married Adelaide of Namur, daughter of Albert III Count of Namur and Ida of Saxony. Adelaide was born in 1068 and died in 1124 at age 56.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 360 F i. Ida of Chiny and Namur 366 367 was born about 1083 and died between 1117 and 1122.
285. Maud de Perche was born in 1105 and died on 28 May 1143 at age 38. Another name for Maud was Mathilde de Perche.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A-24.
Maud married Raymond I Viscount of Turenne, son of Boson I Viscount of Turenne and Gerberge. Raymond died about 1122.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 361 F i. Marguerite de Turenne .
286. Margaret de Perche 281 died after 1155. Another name for Margaret was Marguerite de Perche.
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1156.
Margaret married Henry de Beaumont 1st Earl of Warwick 368 369 before 1100, son of Roger de Beaumont Lord of Beaumont-le-Roger and Pont-Audemer and Adeline of Meulan. Henry was born about 1046, died on 20 Jun 1123 about age 77, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France. Other names for Henry were Henry de Newburgh, and Henry de Neubourg.
Noted events in his life were:
• 1st Earl of Warwick: 1090.
• Granted: Lordship of Gower in Wales, 1107.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 362 M i. Roger de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Warwick 266 267 was born about 1102 and died on 12 Jun 1153 about age 51.
287. Juliana of Mortagne and Perche .282 Another name for Juliana is Juliana du Perche.
Juliana married Gilbert de l'Aigle, Seigneur de l'Aigle in Normandy.,370 371 son of Richer de l'Aigle and Judith. Another name for Gilbert is Gilbert de l'Aigle Seigneur de l'Aigle.
Noted events in his life were:
• Listed in Domesday Book: Tenant in England, 1086.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 363 F i. Marguerite de l'Aigle 370 371 died on 25 May 1141.
288. Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 225 226 was born about 1058 in <Northamptonshire, England> and died in <England>. Other names for Adelaide were Adeliza de Clermont, and Adeliza de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. by 1072, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019558.htm has b. 1058.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 246-24
Adelaide married Gilbert Fitz Richard Earl of Clare and Lord of Tonbridge 159 160 161 162 in 1090, son of Richard I FitzGilbert of Clare and Tonbridge and Rohese Giffard. Gilbert was born about 1060 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died 1114 or 1117 in <England> about age 54. Other names for Gilbert were Gilbert FitzRichard de Clare, and Gilbert FitzRichard de Clare.
Marriage Notes: FamilySearch has m. bef. 1076 in England.
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Clare, Suffolk & Cardan, Wales:
(Duplicate Line. See Person 174)
289. Renaud II Count of Clermont in Beauvaisis 74 was born about 1108 in Clermont, Oise, France and died about 1162 about age 54.
Research Notes: Second husband of Clémence de Bar-le-Duc. Fathered at least 7 children (Ancestral Roots, line 144-25)
Renaud married Clémence de Bar-le-Duc Countess of Dammartin 74 299 about 1140, daughter of Renaud I Count of Mousson, Count of Bar-le-Duc and Gisele of Vaudemont. Clémence was born about 1110 in <Dammartin, Île-de-France>, France and died after 20 Jan 1183.
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1183.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 364 F i. Mathilda of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin 74 342 was born about 1138 in <Pontieu, Ain>, France and died after Oct 1200.
290. Ermentrude de Clermont 285 was born about 1066 in <Clermont, Beauvais, France>.
Noted events in her life were:
• Countess of Chester:
Ermentrude married Hugh "Lupus" d'Avranches 1st Earl of Chester.,372 son of Richard le Goz Vicomte d'Avranches and Emma. Hugh was born in Avranches, Normandy, France, died on 27 Jul 1101, and was buried in Chapter House of Chester Cathedral. Other names for Hugh were Hugh Lupus d'Avranches, and Hugh "the Fat" d'Avranches 1st Earl of Chester.
Noted events in his life were:
• Created: Earl of Chester, 1070.
The child from this marriage was:
365 M i. Richard d'Avranches 2nd Earl of Chester 373 was born in 1094 and died on 25 Nov 1120 at age 26.
291. Alix de Rameru Dame of Rameru .287
Alix married Erard I Count of Brienne.,360 son of Gautier I and Eustace of Bar-sur-Seine. Erard died in 1115.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 366 F i. Félicité de Brienne 360 died on 21 Jul 1178.
292. Maud la Meschin 7 289 was born about 1126 in <Harringworth, Northumberland>, England and died after 1190. Other names for Maud were Matilda la Meschin, Matilda de Meschines, and Maud de Meschines.
Research Notes: Daughter and coheiress of William le Meschin; inherited manor of Molland, Devon, held by her maternal grandfather, Robert de Rumilly.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132C-27 and 132B-27.
Maud married Philip de Belmeis Lord of Tong, Salop and Ashby, co. Leicester 7 374 by 1138 or 1139, son of Walter de Belmeis and Unknown. Philip was born about 1110 in <Harringworth, Northamptonshire>, England. Another name for Philip was Phillip de Belmeis.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 367 F i. Alice de Belmeis 7 was born about 1160 in <Harringworth, Northamptonshire>, England.
Maud next married Hugh de Mortimer Lord Mortimer of Wigmore, Herefordshire 74 214 374 between 1148 and 1153, son of Ralph de Mortimer and Milisent Ferrers. Hugh was born about 1108 in <Wigmore, Herefordshire>, England and died in 1181 about age 73.
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Wigmore Castle:
• Lord of Cleobury Mortimer:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 368 M i. Roger de Mortimer of Wigmore 74 375 376 was born before 1153 in <Wigmore, Herefordshire>, England, died on 24 Jun 1214 in Wigmore, Hereford, England, and was buried in Wigmore, Hereford, England.
293. Ranulf IV de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester 7 293 was born about 1100 in Gernon Castle, Normandy, France, died on 16 Dec 1153 about age 53, and was buried in St. Werburg's, Chester, Cheshire, England. Other names for Ranulf were Ranulph de Gernon Earl of Chester, Vicomte d'Avranches in Normandy, Ranulf de Guernan Earl of Chester, Vicomte d'Avranches, and Ranulph "de Gernon" de Meschines Earl of Chester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester :
Ranulf II, also known as Ranulf le Meschin or Ranulf de Gernon inherited his palatine earldom in 1128 aged 28, upon the death of his father who was descended from the Counts of Bayeux , Calvados Normandy .
Early life
Note: He is the 4th Ranulf (ie Ranulf IV) but he is the 2nd Earl of Chester.
Ranulf was born at Gernon castle , Normandy around 1100 to Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester (should be: Ranulf III, 1st Earl of Chester [of the second creation]) and Lucia Taillebois of Mercia , England. His parents were both significant landowners and he had considerable autonomy within the palatine .
[Much more available in Wikipedia]
Monastic foundation
He founded a North Welsh Cistercian Abbey in 1131 which was colonised by monks from the Norman house, the Congregation of Savigny .
[edit ] The death of the Earl (1153)
In 1153 Ranulf survived a failed attempt at murder by poison by one of his arch-enemies, William Peverel the Younger , when he was guest at Peverel's house. William had poisoned the wine that Ranulf and his men had drunk. Three of Ranulf's men died but the Earl recovered, though he suffered agonizingly, as he had drunk less than his men. William was exiled from England after Henry took the crown as he was accused of poisoning Ranulf and his retainers. The Earl died the same year (due to the poisoning?), on the 16 December 1153 . One other notable event of 1153, was that Duke Henry granted Ranulf Staffordshire . After his death, the Earl's son and heir Hugh was allowed to inherit Ranulf's lands as held in 1135, and other honours bestowed upon Ranulf were revoked.
377
Ranulf married Maud FitzRobert of Gloucester 178 246 247 about 1141, daughter of Robert de Caen 1st Earl of Gloucester and Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester. Maud was born about 1120 in Glouchestershire, England and died on 29 Jul 1190 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 70. Another name for Maud was Maud de Caen of Gloucester.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 259)
294. Adelize de Gernon 33 230 294 was born about 1094 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1128 about age 34. Other names for Adelize were Alice de Gernon, Alicia de Gernon, Adeliza de Meschines, and Alice de Meschines.
Birth Notes: Wikipedia has b. abt 1102
Adelize married Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare Lord of Clare, Suffolk 33 229 230 about 1116, son of Gilbert Fitz Richard Earl of Clare and Lord of Tonbridge and Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis. Richard was born between 1084 and 1090 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England, was christened in Clare, Suffolk, England, died on 15 Apr 1136 near Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, England, and was buried in Gloucester. Other names for Richard were Richard de Clare Earl of Hertford and Earl of Clare, Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare Lord of Clare, Suffolk, Richard Fitz Gilbert Lord of Clare, and Suffolk.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 233)
295. Peter of France, Count of Montargis and Courtenay 295 was born about 1125 and died between 1179 and 1183 in Palestine.
Research Notes