1. Igor Grand Prince of Kiev died in 945.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Sviatoslav I of Kiev
From Wikipedia - Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev :
Igor (Old East Slavic : , Old Norse : Ingvar, Ukrainian: ) was a Varangian ruler of Kievan Rus from 912 to 945 . Very little is known about him from the Primary Chronicle . It has been speculated that the chroniclers chose not to enlarge on his reign, as the region was dominated by Khazaria at that time. That he was Rurik 's son is also questioned on chronological grounds.
He twice besieged Constantinople , in 941 and 944 , and in spite of his fleet being destroyed by Greek fire , concluded with the Emperor a favourable treaty whose text is preserved in the chronicle. In 913 and 944 , the Rus plundered the Arabs in the Caspian Sea during the Caspian expeditions of the Rus , but it's not clear whether Igor had anything to do with these campaigns.
Drastically revising the chronology of the Primary Chronicle, Constantine Zuckerman argues that Igor actually reigned for three years, between summer 941 and his death in early 945. He explains the epic 33-year span of his reign in the chronicle by its author's faulty interpretation of Byzantine sources.[1] Indeed, none of Igor's activity are recorded in the chronicle prior to 941.
Igor was killed[2] while collecting tribute from the Drevlians in 945 and revenged by his wife, Olga of Kiev . The Primary Chronicle blames his death on his own excessive greed, indicating that he was attempting to collect tribute a second time in a month. As a result, Olga changed the system of tribute gathering (poliudie ) in what may be regarded as the first legal reform recorded in Eastern Europe.
[edit ] References
^ Zuckerman, Constantine. On the Date of the Khazars' Conversion to Judaism and the Chronology of the Kings of the Rus Oleg and Igor. A Study of the Anonymous Khazar Letter from the Genizah of Cairo. // Revue des études byzantines. 1995. 53. Pp. 237-270.
^ Leo the Deacon describes how Igor met his death: "They had bent down two birch trees to the prince's feet and tied them to his legs; then they let the trees straighten again, thus tearing the prince's body apart."[1]
Igor married Olga , of Kiev. Olga was born about 890 and died on 11 Jul 969 in Kiev, Ukraine about age 79.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 2 M i. Sviatoslav I of Kiev 1 was born about 942 and died in Mar 972 about age 30.
Second Generation 
2. Sviatoslav I of Kiev 1 (Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 942 and died in Mar 972 about age 30.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Sviatoslav I of Kiev :
Sviatoslav I of Kiev (Old East Slavic : ([1] (Sventoslav Igorevich), Russian : Ukrainian : Bulgarian : Greek : (Sfendoslavos) ) (c. 942 - March 972) was a warrior prince of Kievan Rus' . The son of Igor of Kiev and Olga , Sviatoslav is famous for his incessant campaigns in the east and south, which precipitated the collapse of two great powers of Eastern Europe-Khazaria and the First Bulgarian Empire ; he also subdued the Volga Bulgars , the Alans , and numerous East Slavic tribes, and at times was allied with the Pechenegs and Magyars . His decade-long reign over Rus' was marked by rapid expansion into the Volga River valley, the Pontic steppe and the Balkans . By the end of his short life, Sviatoslav carved out for himself the largest state in Europe , eventually moving his capital from Kiev to Pereyaslavets on the Danube in 969. In contrast with his mother's conversion to Christianity , Sviatoslav remained a staunch pagan all of his life. Due to his abrupt death in combat, Sviatoslav's conquests, for the most part, were not consolidated into a functioning empire, while his failure to establish a stable succession led to civil war among his successors.
Sviatoslav was the first ruler of Kievan Rus' whose name is indisputably Slavic in origin (as opposed to his predecessors, whose names are ultimately derived from Old Norse ). This name is not recorded in other medieval Slavic countries. Even in Rus', it was attested only among the members of the house of Rurik , as were the names of Sviatoslav's immediate successors: Vladimir , Yaroslav , Mstislav ).[2] Some scholars speculate that the name of Sviatoslav, composed of the Slavic roots for "holy" and "glory", was an artificial derivation combining those of his predecessors Oleg and Rurik (they mean "holy" and "glorious" in Old Norse, respectively).[3]
Virtually nothing is known about his childhood and youth, which he spent reigning in Novgorod . Sviatoslav's father, Igor , was killed by the Drevlians around 942 and his mother, Olga , ruled as regent in Kiev until Sviatoslav's majority (ca. 963).[4] His tutor was a Varangian named Asmud . "Quick as a leopard,"[5] Sviatoslav appears to have had little patience for administration. His life was spent with his druzhina (roughly, "troops") in permanent warfare against neighboring states. According to the Primary Chronicle .
" Upon his expeditions he carried with him neither wagons nor kettles, and boiled no meat, but cut off small strips of horseflesh, game or beef, and ate it after roasting it on the coals. Nor did he have a tent, but he spread out a horse-blanket under him, and set his saddle under his head, and all his retinue did likewise.[6] " Sviatoslav was noted by Leo the Deacon to be of average height and build. He shaved his head and his beard (or possibly just had a wispy beard) but wore a bushy mustache and a one or two sidelocks as a sign of his nobility. He preferred to dress in white, and it was noted that his garments were much cleaner than those of his men. He wore a single large gold earring bearing a ruby and two pearls .[7] [8]
His mother converted to Christianity at the court of Byzantine Emperor Constantine Porphyrogenitus in 945 or 957. However,[9] Sviatoslav continued to worship Perun , Veles , Svarog and the other gods and goddesses of the Slavic pantheon . He remained a stubborn pagan for all of his life; according to the Primary Chronicle, he believed that his warriors would lose respect for him and mock him if he became a Christian.[10] The allegiance of his warriors was of paramount importance in his conquest of an empire that stretched from the Volga to the Danube.
Family
Very little is known of Sviatoslav's family life. It is possible that Sviatoslav was not the only (and the eldest) son of his parents. The Russo-Byzantine treaty of 945 mentions a certain Predslava, Volodislav's wife, as the noblest of the Rus' women after Olga. George Vernadsky was among many historians to speculate that Volodislav was Igor's eldest son and heir who died at some point during Olga's regency. At the time of Igor's death, Sviatoslav was still a child and he was raised by his mother or at her instructions. Her influence, however, did not extend to his religious observance.
Sviatoslav, had several children, but the origin of his wives is not specified in the chronicle. By his wives, he had Yaropolk and Oleg .[11] By Malusha , a woman of indeterminate origins,[12] Sviatoslav had Vladimir , who would ultimately break with his father's paganism and convert Rus to Christianity . John Skylitzes reported that Vladimir had a brother named Sfengus ; whether this Sfengus was a son of Sviatoslav, a son of Malusha by a prior or subsequent husband, or an unrelated Rus' nobleman is unclear.[13]
When Sviatoslav went on campaign he left his various relations as regents in the main cities of his realm: his mother Olga and later Yaropolk in Kiev, Vladimir in Novgorod, and Oleg over the Drevlians...
Death and aftermath
Fearing that the peace with Sviatoslav would not endure, the Byzantine emperor induced the Pecheneg khan Kurya to kill Sviatoslav before he reached Kiev. This was in line with the policy outlined by Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus in De Administrando Imperio of fomenting strife between the Rus' and the Pechenegs.[35] According to the Slavic chronicle, Sveneld attempted to warn Sviatoslav to avoid the Dnieper cataracts , but the prince slighted his wise advice and was ambushed and slain by the Pechenegs when he tried to cross the cataracts near Khortitsa early in 972. The Primary Chronicle reports that his skull was made into a chalice by the Pecheneg khan, Kurya.[36]
Following Sviatoslav's death, tensions between his sons grew. A war broke out between Sviatoslav's legitimate sons, Oleg and Yaropolk , in 976, at the conclusion of which Oleg was killed. In 977 Vladimir fled Novgorod to escape Oleg's fate and went to Scandinavia , where he raised an army of Varangians and returned in 980. Yaropolk was killed and Vladimir became the sole ruler of Kievan Rus'.
Notes
^ E.g. in the Primary Chronicle under year 970
^ X-XVI [Choice of personal names for the Russian princes of the 10th-16th centuries.] Moscow: Indrik, 2006. ISBN 5-85759-339-5 . Page 43.
^ See in (Moscow, 1970).
^ If Olga was indeed born in 879, as the Primary Chronicle seems to imply, she should have been about 65 at the time of Svyatoslav's birth. There are clearly some problems with chronology.
^ Primary Chronicle entry for 968
^ Cross and Sherbowitz-Wetzor, Primary Chronicle, p. 84.
^ Vernadsky 276-277. The sidelock is reminiscent of Turkic hairstyles and practices and was later mimicked by Cossacks .
^ For the alternative translations of the same passage of the Greek original that say that Sviatoslav may have not shaven but wispy beard and not one but two sidelocks on each side of his head, see eg. Ian Heath "The Vikings (Elite 3)", Osprey Publishing 1985; ISBN: 9780850455656, p.60 or David Nicolle "Armies of Medieval Russia 750-1250 (Men-at-Arms 333)" Osprey Publishing 1999; ISBN: 9781855328488, p.44
^ Based on his analysis of De Ceremoniis Alexander Nazarenko hypothesizes that Olga hoped to orchestrate a marriage between Svyatoslav and a Byzantine princess. If her proposal was peremptorily declined (as it most certainly would have been), it is hardly surprising that Sviatoslav would look at Byzantium and her Christian culture with suspicion. Nazarenko 302.
^ Primary Chronicle _____.
^ Whether Yaropolk and Oleg were whole or half brothers, and who their mother or mothers were, is a matter hotly debated by historians.
^ She is traditionally identified in Russian historiography as Dobrynya 's sister; for other theories on her identity, see here .
^ Indeed, Franklin and Shepard advanced the hypothesis that Sfengus was identical with Mstislav of Tmutarakan . Franklin and Shepard 200-201.
^ "Rus", Encyclopaedia of Islam
^ Christian 345. It is disputed whether Svyatoslav invaded the land of Vyatichs that year. The only campaign against the Vyatichs explicitly mentioned in the Primary Chronicle is dated to 966.
^ Russian Primary Chronicle ( - 2. - 1908, ) for year 6472. The chronicler may have wished to contrast Sviatoslav's open declaration of war to stealthy tactics employed by many other early medieval conquerors.
^ For Sviatoslav's reliance on nomad cavalry, see, e.g., Franklin and Shepard 149; Christian 298; Pletneva 18.
^ Christian 298. The Primary Chronicle is very succinct about the whole campaign against Khazars, saying only that Sviatoslav "took their city and Belaya Vezha".
^ The town was an important trade center located near the portage between the Volga and Don Rivers . By the early 12th century, however, it had been destroyed by the Kipchaks .
^ See, generally Christian 297-298; Dunlop passim.
^ Logan (1992), p. 202
^ Artamonov 428; Christian 298.
^ The campaign against Ossetians is attested in the Primary Chronicle. The Novgorod First Chronicle specifies that Sviatoslav resettled the Ossetians near Kiev, but Sakharov finds this claim dubitable.
^ The Mandgelis Document refers to a Khazar potentate in the Taman Peninsula around 985, long after Sviatoslav's death. Kedrenos reported that the Byzantines and Rus' collaborated in the conquest of a Khazar kingdom in the Crimea in 1016 and still later, Ibn al-Athir reported an unsuccessful attack by al-Fadl ibn Muhammad against the Khazars in the Caucasus in 1030. For more information on these and other references, see Khazars#Late references to the Khazars .
^ Christian 298.
^ Most historians believe the Greeks were interested in the destruction of Khazaria. Another school of thought essentializes Yahya of Antioch 's report that, prior to the Danube campaign, the Byzantines and the Rus' were at war. See Sakharov, chapter I.
^ The exact date of Sviatoslav's Bulgarian campaign, which likely did not commence until the conclusion of his Khazar campaign, is unknown.
^ Mikhail Tikhomirov and Vladimir Pashuto, among others, assume that the Emperor was interested primarily in diverting Sviatoslav's attention from Chersonesos , a Byzantine possession in the Crimea . Indeed, Leo the Deacon three times mentions that Svyatoslav and his father Igor controlled Cimmerian Bosporus . If so, a conflict of interests in the Crimea was inevitable. The Suzdal Chronicle, though a rather late source, also mentions Sviatoslav's war against Chersonesos. In the peace treaty of 971 , Sviatoslav promised not to wage wars against either Constantinople or Chersonesos. Byzantine sources also report that Kalokyros attempted to persuade Sviatoslav to support Kalokyros in a coup against the reigning Byzantine emperor. As a remuneration for his help, Sviatoslav was supposed to retain a permanent hold on Bulgaria. Modern historians, however, assign little historical importance to this story. Kendrick 157.
^ All figures in this article, including the numbers of Svyatoslav's troops, are based on the reports of Byzantine sources, which may differ from those of the Slavonic chronicles. Greek sources report Khazars and "Turks" in Sviatoslav's army as well as Pechenegs. As used in such Byzantine writings as Constantine Porphyrogenitus' De Administrando Imperio , "Turks" refers to Magyars . The Rus'-Magyar alliance resulted in the Hungarian expedition against the second largest city of the empire, Thessalonika , in 968.
^ Boris II was captured by the Byzantines in 971 and carried off to Constantinople as a prisoner.
^ Kendrick 158
^ Simultaneously, Otto I attacked Byzantine possessions in the south of Italy. This remarkable coincidence may be interpreted as an evidence of the anti-Byzantine German-Russian alliance. See: Manteuffel 41.
^ Grekov 445-446. The Byzantine sources report the enemy casualties to be as high as 20,000, the figure modern historians find to be highly improbable.
^ Franklin and Shepard 149-150
^ Constantine VII pointed out that, by virtue of their controlling the Dnieper cataracts, the Pechenegs may easily attack and destroy the Rus' vessels sailing along the river.
^ The use of a defeated enemy's skull as a drinking vessel is reported by numerous authors through history among various steppe peoples, such as the Scythians . Kurya likely intended this as a compliment to Sviatoslav; sources report that Kurya and his wife drank from the skull and prayed for a son as brave as the deceased Rus' warlord. Christian 344; Pletneva 19; Cross and Sherbowitz-Wetzor 90.
^ E. A Lanceray. "Svyatoslav on the way to Tsargrad .", The Russian History in the Mirror of the Fine Arts (Russian)
^ Cooke, Raymond Cooke. Velimir Khlebnikov: A Critical Study. Cambridge University Press, 1987. Pages 122-123
^ London: Shapiro, Vallentine, 1926
^ (Moscow: Det. lit., 1989).
^
^ "The Federation of Jewish Communities protests against the presence of a Star of David in a new sculpture in Belgorod" , Interfax, November 21, 2005; Kozhevnikova, Galina, "Radical nationalism and efforts to oppose it in Russia in 2005" ; "FJC Russia Appeal Clarifies Situation Over Potentially Anti-Semitic Monument" (Federation of Jewish Communities of the CIS Press Release), November 23, 2005; Dahan, David, "Jews protest trampled Star of David statue", European Jewish Press, November 22, 2005
References
Sviatoslav married Malusha.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 3 M i. Vladimir I of Kiev 2 3 was born about 958 and died on 15 Jul 1015 in Berestovo, Ukraine about age 57.
Third Generation 
3. Vladimir I of Kiev 2 3 (Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 958 and died on 15 Jul 1015 in Berestovo, Ukraine about age 57.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Vladimir I of Kiev
Saint Vladimir Svyatoslavich the Great (c. 958 - 15 July 1015 , Berestovo ) was the grand prince of Kiev who converted to Christianity in 988, and proceeded to baptise the whole Kievan Rus . His name may be spelled in different ways: in Old East Slavic as Volodimir (), in modern Ukrainian as Volodymyr (), in Old Church Slavonic and modern Russian as Vladimir (), in Old Norse as Valdamarr and the modern Scandinavian languages as Valdemar.
Way to the throne
Vladimir was the youngest son of Sviatoslav I of Kiev by his housekeeper Malusha , described in the Norse sagas as a prophetess who lived to the age of 100 and was brought from her cave to the palace to predict the future. Malusha's brother Dobrynya was Vladimir's tutor and most trusted advisor. Hagiographic tradition of dubious authenticity also connects his childhood with the name of his grandmother, Olga Prekrasa , who was Christian and governed the capital during Sviatoslav's frequent military campaigns.
Transferring his capital to Preslavets in 969, Sviatoslav designated Vladimir ruler of Novgorod the Great but gave Kiev to his legitimate son Yaropolk . After Sviatoslav's death (972), a fratricidal war erupted (976) between Yaropolk and his younger brother Oleg , ruler of the Drevlians . In 977 Vladimir fled to his kinsmen Haakon Sigurdsson , ruler of Norway in Scandinavia , collecting as many of the Viking warriors as he could to assist him to recover Novgorod, and on his return the next year marched against Yaropolk.
On his way to Kiev he sent ambassadors to Rogvolod (Norse: Ragnvald), prince of Polotsk , to sue for the hand of his daughter Rogneda (Norse: Ragnhild). The well-born princess refused to affiance herself to the son of a bondswoman, but Vladimir attacked Polotsk, slew Rogvolod, and took Ragnhild by force. Actually, Polotsk was a key fortress on the way to Kiev, and the capture of Polotsk and Smolensk facilitated the taking of Kiev (980), where he slew Yaropolk by treachery, and was proclaimed konung , or kagan , of all Kievan Rus .
Years of pagan rule
In addition to his father's extensive domain, Vladimir continued to expand his territories. In 981 he conquered the Cherven cities, the modern Galicia ; in 983 he subdued the Yatvingians , whose territories lay between Lithuania and Poland ; in 985 he led a fleet along the central rivers of Russia to conquer the Bulgars of the Kama , planting numerous fortresses and colonies on his way.
Though Christianity had won many converts since Olga's rule, Vladimir had remained a thorough going pagan, taking eight hundred concubines (besides numerous wives) and erecting pagan statues and shrines to gods. It is argued that he attempted to reform Slavic paganism by establishing thunder-god Perun as a supreme deity.
Baptism of Rus
The Primary Chronicle reports that in the year 987 , as the result of a consultation with his boyars , Vladimir sent envoys to study the religions of the various neighboring nations whose representatives had been urging him to embrace their respective faiths. The result is amusingly described by the chronicler Nestor . Of the Muslim Bulgarians of the Volga the envoys reported there is no gladness among them; only sorrow and a great stench, and that their religion was undesirable due to its taboo against alcoholic beverages and pork ; supposedly, Vladimir said on that occasion: "Drinking is the joy of the Rus'." Russian sources also describe Vladimir consulting with Jewish envoys (who may or may not have been Khazars ), and questioning them about their religion but ultimately rejecting it, saying that their loss of Jerusalem was evidence of their having been abandoned by God . Ultimately Vladimir settled on Christianity . In the churches of the Germans his emissaries saw no beauty; but at Constantinople , where the full festival ritual of the Byzantine Church was set in motion to impress them, they found their ideal: "We no longer knew whether we were in heaven or on earth," they reported, describing a majestic Divine Liturgy in Hagia Sophia , "nor such beauty, and we know not how to tell of it." If Vladimir was impressed by this account of his envoys, he was yet more so by political gains of the Byzantine alliance.
In 988 , having taken the town of Chersonesos in Crimea , he boldly negotiated for the hand of the emperor Basil II 's sister, Anna. Never had a Greek imperial princess, and one "born-in-the-purple" at that, married a barbarian before, as matrimonial offers of French kings and German emperors had been peremptorily rejected. In short, to marry the 27-year-old princess off to a pagan Slav seemed impossible. Vladimir, however, was baptized at Cherson, taking the Christian name of Basil out of compliment to his imperial brother-in-law; the sacrament was followed by his wedding with Anna . Returning to Kiev in triumph, he destroyed pagan monuments and established many churches, starting with the splendid Church of the Tithes (989) and monasteries on Mt. Athos .
Arab sources, both Muslim and Christian, present a different story of Vladimir's conversion. Yahya of Antioch , al-Rudhrawari , al-Makin , al-Dimashki , and ibn al-Athir [1] all give essentially the same account. In 987, Bardas Sclerus and Bardas Phocas revolted against the Byzantine emperor Basil II . Both rebels briefly joined forces, but then Bardas Phocas proclaimed himself emperor on September 14 , 987 . Basil II turned to the Kievan Rus' for assistance, even though they were considered enemies at that time. Vladimir agreed, in exchange for a marital tie; he also agreed to accept Orthodox Christianity as his religion and bring his people to the new faith. When the wedding arrangements were settled, Vladimir dispatched 6,000 troops to the Byzantine Empire and they helped to put down the revolt.[2]
Christian reign
He now formed a great council out of his boyars, and set his twelve sons over his subject principalities. With his neighbors he lived at peace, the incursions of the Pechenegs alone disturbing his tranquillity. After Anna's death, he married again, most likely to a granddaughter of Otto the Great .
He died at Berestovo, near Kiev, while on his way to chastise the insolence of his son, Prince Yaroslav of Novgorod . The various parts of his dismembered body were distributed among his numerous sacred foundations and were venerated as relics . One of the largest Kievan cathedrals is dedicated to him. The University of Kiev was named after the man who both civilized and Christianized Kievan Rus. There is the Order of St. Vladimir in Russia and Saint Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary in the United States . The Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches celebrate the feast day of St. Vladimir on 15 July .
His memory was also kept alive by innumerable Russian folk ballads and legends, which refer to him as Krasno Solnyshko, that is, the Fair Sun. With him the Varangian period of Eastern Slavic history ceases and the Christian period begins.
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From Wikipedia - Family life and children of Vladimir I :
Until his baptism, Vladimir I of Kiev (c.958 -1015 ) was described by Thietmar of Merseburg as a great profligate (Latin : fornicator maximus). He had a few hundred concubines in Kiev and in the country residence of Berestovo . He also had official pagan wives, the most famous being Rogneda of Polotsk . His other wives are mentioned in the Primary Chronicle , with various children assigned to various wives in the different versions of the document. Hence, speculations abound.
Norse wife
Norse sagas mention that, while ruling in Novgorod in his early days, Vladimir had a Varangian wife named Olava or Allogia. This unusual name is probably a feminine form of Olaf . According to Snorri Sturluson the runaway Olaf Tryggvason was sheltered by Allogia in her house; she also paid a large fine for him.
Several authorities, notably Rydzevskaya ("Ancient Rus and Scandinavia in 9-14 cent.", 1978), hold that later skalds confused Vladimir's wife Olava with his grandmother and tutor Olga , with Allogia being the distorted form of Olga's name. Others postulate Olava was a real person and the mother of Vysheslav, the first of Vladimir's sons to reign in Novgorod, as behooves the eldest son and heir. On the other hand, there is no evidence that the tradition of sending the eldest son of Kievan monarch to Novgorod existed at such an early date.
Those scholars who believe that this early Norse wife was not fictitious, suppose that Vladimir could have married her during his famous exile in Scandinavia in the late 970s. They usually refer an account in Ingvars saga (in a part called Eymund's saga ) which tells that Eric VI of Sweden married his daughter to a 'konung of fjord lying to the East from Holmgard '. This prince may have been Vladimir the Great.
Polotsk wife
Main article: Rogneda of Polotsk
Rogneda of Polotsk is the best known of Vladimir's pagan wives, although her ancestry has fuelled the drollest speculations. See this article for extensive but tenuous arguments for her Yngling royal descent.
The Primary Chronicle mentions three of Rogneda's sons - Izyaslav of Polotsk (+1001), Vsevolod of Volhynia (+ca 995), and Yaroslav the Wise . Following an old Yngling tradition, Izyaslav inherited the lands of his maternal grandfather, i.e., Polotsk . According to the Kievan succession law, his progeny forfeited their rights to the Kievan throne, because their forefather had never ruled in Kiev supreme. They, however, retained the principality of Polotsk and formed a dynasty of local rulers, of which Vseslav the Sorcerer was the most notable.
Greek wife
During his unruly youth, Vladimir begot his eldest son, Sviatopolk , relations with whom would cloud his declining years. His mother was a Greek nun captured by Svyatoslav I in Bulgaria and married to his lawful heir Yaropolk I . Russian historian Vasily Tatischev , invariably erring in the matters of onomastics, gives her the fanciful Roman name of Julia. When Yaropolk was murdered by Vladimir's agents, the new sovereign raped his wife and she soon (some would say, too soon) gave birth to a child. Thus, Sviatopolk was probably the eldest of Vladimir's sons, although the issue of his parentage has been questioned and he has been known in the family as "the son of two fathers".
Bohemian wife
Vladimir apparently had a Czech wife, whose name is given by Vasily Tatishchev as Malfrida. Historians have gone to extremes in order to provide a political rationale behind such an alliance, as the Czech princes are assumed to have backed up Vladimir's brother Yaropolk rather than Vladimir. His children by these marriage were probably Svyatoslav of Smolensk, killed during the 1015 internecine war, and Mstislav of Chernigov . Some chronicles, however, report that Rogneda was Mstislav's mother.
Bulgarian wife
Another wife was a Bulgarian lady, whose name is given by Tatishchev as Adela. Historians have disagreed as to whether she came from Volga Bulgaria or from Bulgaria on the Danube . According to the Primary Chronicle , both Boris and Gleb were her children. This tradition, however, is viewed by most scholars as a product of later hagiographical tendency to merge the identity of both saints. Actually, they were of different age and their names point to different cultural traditions. Judging by his Oriental name, Boris could have been Adela's only offspring.
Anna Porphyrogeneta
Anna Porphyrogeneta, daughter of Emperor Romanos II and Theophano , was the only princess of the Makedones to have been married to a foreigner. The Byzantine emperors regarded the Franks and Russians as barbarians, refusing Hugues Capet 's proposals to marry Anna to his son Robert I , so the Baptism of Kievan Rus was a prerequisite for this marriage. Following the wedding, Vladimir is said to have divorced all his pagan wives, although this claim is disputed. Regarded by later Russians as a saint, Anna was interred with her husband in the Church of the Tithes .
Anna is not known to have had any children. Either her possible barrenness or the Byzantine house rule could account for this. Had she had any progeny, the prestigious and much sought imperial parentage would have certainly been advertised by her descendants. Hagiographic sources, contrary to the Primary Chronicle , posit Boris and Gleb as her offspring, on the understanding that holy brothers should have had a holy mother.
German wife
Anna is known to have predeceased Vladimir by four years. Thietmar of Merseburg , writing from contemporary accounts, mentions that Boleslaw I of Poland captured Vladimir's widow during his raid on Kiev in 1018 . The historians long had no clue as to identity of this wife. The emigre historian Nicholas Baumgarten, however, pointed to the controversial record of the "Genealogia Welforum" and the "Historia Welforum Weingartensis" that one daughter of Count Kuno von Oenningen (future Duke Konrad of Swabia ) by "filia Ottonis Magni imperatoris" (Otto the Great 's daughter; possibly Rechlinda Otona [Regelindis], claimed by some as illegitimate daughter and by others legitimate, born from his first marriage with Edith of Wessex) married "rex Rugorum" (king of Russia). He interpreted this evidence as pertaining to Vladimir's last wife.
It is believed that the only child of this alliance was Dobronega, or Maria, who married Casimir I of Poland between 1038 and 1042 . As her father Vladimir died about 25 years before that marriage and she was still young enough to bear at least five children, including two future Polish dukes (Boleslaw II of Poland , who later became a king, and Wladyslaw Herman ), it is thought probable that she was Vladimir's daughter by the last marriage.
Some sources claimed Agatha , the wife of Edward the Exile of England, was another daughter of this marriage and full-sister of Dobronegra. Their marriage took place by the same time of Dobronegra's wedding (the date of birth of her first child support this) and this maybe because was double wedding of both sisters. This can resolve the question about the conection between Agatha and the Holy Roman Empire claimed by several medieval sources.
Yaroslav's parentage
There is also a case for Yaroslav 's descent from Anna. According to this theory, Nestor the Chronicler deliberately represented Yaroslav as Rogneda's son, because he systematically removed all information concerning Kievan ties with Byzantium , spawning pro-Varangian bias (see Normanist theory for details). Proponents allege that Yaroslav's true age was falsified by Nestor, who attempted to represent him as 10 years older than he actually had been, in order to justify Yaroslav's seizure of the throne at the expense of his older brothers.
The Primary Chronicle , for instance, states that Yaroslav died at the age of 76 in 1054 (thus putting his birth at 978 ), while dating Vladimir's encounter and marriage to Yaroslav's purported mother, Rogneda, to 980 . Elsewhere, speaking about Yaroslav's rule in Novgorod (1016), Nestor says that Yaroslav was 28, thus putting his birth at 988 . The forensic analysis of Yaroslav's skeleton seems to have confirmed these suspicions, estimating Yaroslav's birth at ca. 988-990, after both the Baptism of Kievan Rus and Vladimir's divorce of Rogneda. Consequently, it is assumed that Yaroslav was either Vladimir's natural son born after the latter's baptism or his son by Anna.
Had Yaroslav an imperial Byzantine descent, he likely would not have stinted to advertise it. Some have seen the willingness of European kings to marry Yaroslav's daughters as an indication of this imperial descent. Subsequent Polish chroniclers and historians, in particular, were eager to view Yaroslav as Anna's son. Recent proponents envoke onomastic arguments, which have often proven decisive in the matters of medieval prosopography . It is curious that Yaroslav named his elder son Vladimir (after his own father) and his eldest daughter Anna (as if after his own mother). Also, there is a certain pattern in his sons having Slavic names (as Vladimir), and his daughters having Greek names only (as Anna). However, in the absence of better sources, Anna's maternity remains a pure speculation.
Obscure offspring
Vladimir had several children whose maternity cannot be established with certainty. These include two sons, Stanislav of Smolensk and Sudislav of Pskov, the latter outliving all of his siblings. There is also one daughter, named Predslava, who was captured by Boleslaw I in Kiev and taken with him to Poland as a concubine. Another daughter, Premyslava, is attested in numerous (though rather late) Hungarian sources as the wife of Duke Ladislaus, one of the early Arpadians .
Vladimir married someone.
+ 4 M i. Yaroslav I of Kiev was born about 978 and died on 20 Feb 1054 in Kiev, Ukraine about age 76.
Fourth Generation 
4. Yaroslav I of Kiev (Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 978 and died on 20 Feb 1054 in Kiev, Ukraine about age 76.
Research Notes: Possibly not the father of Agatha, the wife of Edward the Exile.
From Wikipedia - Yaroslav I the Wise :
Yaroslav I the Wise (c. 978 , Kiev -20 February 1054 , Kiev ) (East Slavic: ; Christian name: George; Old Norse : Jarizleifr) was thrice Grand Prince of Novgorod and Kiev , uniting the two principalities for a time under his rule. During his lengthy reign, Kievan Rus' reached a zenith of its cultural flowering and military power.
Early years of Yaroslav's life are enshrouded in mystery. He was one of the numerous sons of Vladimir the Great , presumably his second by Rogneda of Polotsk , although his actual age (as stated in the Primary Chronicle and corroborated by the examination of his skeleton in the 1930s) would place him among the youngest children of Vladimir. It has been suggested that he was a child begotten out of wedlock after Vladimir's divorce with Rogneda and his marriage to Anna Porphyrogeneta , or even that he was a child of Anna Porphyrogeneta herself. Yaroslav figures prominently in the Norse Sagas under the name of Jarisleif the Lame; his legendary lameness (probably resulting from an arrow wound) was corroborated by the scientists who examined his relics...
<<b>>Family life and posterity<</B>>
In 1019, Yaroslav married Ingegerd Olofsdotter , daughter of the king of Sweden , and gave Ladoga to her as a marriage gift. There are good reasons to believe that before that time he had been married to a woman named Anna, of disputed extraction.[citation needed ]
In the Saint Sophia Cathedral , one may see a fresco representing the whole family: Yaroslav, Irene (as Ingigerd was known in Rus), their five daughters and five sons. Yaroslav married three of his daughters to foreign princes who lived in exile at his court: Elizabeth to Harald III of Norway (who had attained her hand by his military exploits in the Byzantine Empire ); Anastasia to the future Andrew I of Hungary , and the youngest daughter Anne of Kiev married Henry I of France and was the regent of France during their son's minority. Another daughter may have been the Agatha who married Edward the Exile , heir to the throne of England and was the mother of Edgar Ætheling and St. Margaret of Scotland .
Yaroslav had one son from the first marriage (his Christian name being Ilya), and 6 sons from the second marriage. Apprehending the danger that could ensue from divisions between brothers, he exhorted them to live in peace with each other. The eldest of these, Vladimir of Novgorod , best remembered for building the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod , predeceased his father. Three other sons-Iziaslav , Sviatoslav , and Vsevolod -reigned in Kiev one after another. The youngest children of Yaroslav were Igor of Volynia and Vyacheslav of Smolensk .
Yaroslav married Ingegerd Olofsdotter, of Sweden 4 5 in 1019. Ingegerd was born about 1001 and died on 10 Feb 1050 about age 49.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 5 F i. Agatha 6 7 was born about 1020 and died after 1070.
+ 6 F ii. Anne of Kiev 8 9 was born between 1024 and 1032, died in 1075, and was buried in Villiers Abbey, La-Ferte-Alais, Essonne, (Île-de-France), France.
Fifth Generation 5. Agatha 6 7 (Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1020 and died after 1070.
Research Notes: Her origins are disputed.
From Wikipedia - Agatha, wife of Edward the Exile :
Agatha was the wife of Edward the Exile (heir to the throne of England ) and mother of Edgar Ætheling , Saint Margaret of Scotland and Cristina of England . Her antecedents are unclear, and subject to much speculation.
Life
Nothing is known of her early life, and what speculation has appeared is inextricably linked to the contentious issue of Agatha's paternity, one of the unresolved questions of medieval genealogy . She came to England with her husband and children in 1057, but she was widowed shortly after her arrival. Following the Norman conquest of England , in 1067 she fled with her children to Scotland , finding refuge under her future son-in-law Malcolm III . While one modern source indicates that she spent her last years as a nun at Newcastle-upon-Tyne , dying before circa 1093 [1] , Simeon of Durham [1] carries what appears to be the last reference to her in 1070. [2]
Origin
Medieval sources
Agatha's origin is alluded to in numerous surviving medieval sources, but the information they provide is sometimes imprecise, often contradictory, and occasionally outright impossible. The earliest surviving source, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , along with Florence of Worcester 's Chronicon ex chronicis and Regalis prosapia Anglorum, Simeon of Durham and Ailred of Rievaulx describe Agatha as a kinswoman of "Emperor Henry" (thaes ceseres maga, filia germani imperatoris Henrici). In an earlier entry, the same Ailred of Rievaulx had called her daughter of emperor Henry, as do later sources of dubious credibility such as the Chronicle of Melrose Abbey , while Matthew of Paris calls her the emperor's sister (soror Henrici imperatoris Romani). Geoffrey Gaimar in Lestoire des Engles states that she was daughter of the Hungarian king and queen (Li reis sa fille), although he places the marriage at a time when Edward is thought still to have been in Kiev , while Orderic Vitalis in Historiae Ecclesiasticae is more specific, naming her father as king Solomon (filiam Salomonis Regis Hunorum), actually a contemporary of Agatha's children. William of Malmesbury in De Gestis Regis Anglorum states that Agatha's sister was a Queen of Hungary (reginae sororem) and is echoed in this by Alberic of Trois-Fontaines , while less precisely, Ailred says of Margaret that she was derived from English and Hungarian royal blood (de semine regio Anglorum et Hungariorum extitit oriunda). Finally, Roger of Howden and the anonymous Leges Edwardi Confessoris indicate that while Edward was a guest of Kievan "king Malesclodus" he married a woman of noble birth (nobili progenio), Leges adding that the mother of St. Margaret was of Rus royal blood (ex genere et sanguine regum Rugorum).[3]
German and Hungarian theories
While various sources repeat the claims that Agatha was daughter or sister of either Emperor Henry, it seems unlikely that such a sibling or daughter would have been ignored by the German chroniclers.[4]
The description of Agatha as a blood relative of "Emperor Henry" may be applicable to a niece of either Henry II or Henry III , Holy Roman Emperors (although Florence, in Regalis prosapia Anglorum specifies Henry III). Early attempts at reconstructing the relationship focused on the former. Georgio Pray 1764, Annales Regum Hungariae), O.F. Suhm (1777, Geschichte Dänmarks, Norwegen und Holsteins) and Istvan Katona (1779, Historia Critica Regum Hungariae) each suggested that Agatha was daughter of Henry II's brother Bruno of Augsburg (an ecclesiastic described as beatae memoriae, with no known issue), while Daniel Cornides (1778, Regum Hungariae) tried to harmonise the German and Hungarian claims, making Agatha daughter of Henry II's sister Giselle of Bavaria , wife of Stephen I of Hungary .[5] This solution remained popular among scholars through a good part of twentieth century.[6]
As tempting as it may be to thus view St. Margaret as a granddaughter of another famous saint, Stephen of Hungary, this popular solution fails to explain why Stephen's death triggered a dynastic crisis in Hungary. If St. Stephen and Giselle were indeed Agatha's parents, her offspring might have succeeded to the Hungarian crown and the dynastic strife that followed Stephen's death could have been averted. Actually, there is no indication in Hungarian sources that any of Stephen's children outlived him. Likewise, all of the solutions involving Henry II would seem to make Agatha much older than her husband, and prohibitively old at the time of the birth of her son, Edgar.
Based on a more strict translation of the Latin description used by Florence and others as well as the supposition that Henry III was the Emperor designated in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, genealogist Szabolcs de Vajay popularised another idea first suggested in 1939. In that year, Joszef Herzog published an analysis suggesting that Agatha was daughter of one of the half-brothers of Henry III, born to his mother Gisela of Swabia by one of her earlier marriages to Ernest I of Swabia and Bruno of Brunswick , probably the former based on more favourable chronology.[7] De Vajay reevaluated the chronology of the marriages and children of Gisela and concluded that Agatha was the daughter of Henry III's elder (uterine) half-brother, Liudolf, Margrave of Frisia .[8] This theory saw broad acceptance for thirty years [9] until René Jetté resurrected a Kievan solution to the problem,[10] since which time opinion has been divided among several competing possibilities.[11]
Kievan theory
Jetté pointed out that William of Malmesbury in De Gestis Regis Anglorum and several later chronicles unambiguously state that Agatha's sister was a Queen of Hungary. From what we know about the biography of Edward the Exile , he loyally supported Andrew I of Hungary , following him from Kiev to Hungary in 1046 and staying at his court for many years. Andrew's wife and queen was Anastasia, a daughter of Yaroslav the Wise of Kiev by Ingigerd of Sweden . Following Jetté's logic, Edward's wife was another daughter of Yaroslav.
This theory accords with the seemingly incongruous statements of Geoffrey Gaimar and Roger of Howden that, while living in Kiev, Edward took a nativeborn wife "of noble parentage" or that his father-in-law was a "Rus king".[12]
Jetté's theory seems to be supported by an onomastic argument.[13] Among the medieval royalty, Agatha's rare Greek name is first recorded in the Macedonian dynasty of Byzantium ; it was also one of the most frequent feminine names in the Kievan Rurikid dynasty.[14] After Anna of Byzantium married Yaroslav's father, he took the Christian name of the reigning emperor, Basil II , while some members of his family were named after other members of the imperial dynasty. Agatha could have been one of these.[15]
The names of Agatha's immediate descendants-Margaret, Cristina, David , Alexander -were likewise extraordinary for Anglo-Saxon Britain. They may provide a clue to Agatha's origin. The names Margaret and Cristina are today associated with Sweden, the native country of Yaroslav's wife Ingigerd.[16] The name of Margaret's son, David, obviously echoes that of Solomon , the son and heir of Andrew I.[17] Furthermore, the first saint of the Rus (canonized ca. 1073) was Yaroslav's brother Gleb , whose Christian name was David.
The name of Margaret's other son, Alexander, may point to a variety of traditions, both occidental and oriental: the biography of Alexander the Great was one of the most popular books in eleventh-century Kiev.
One inference from the Kievan theory is that Edgar Atheling and St. Margaret were, through their mother, first cousins of Philip I of France . The connection is too notable to be omitted from contemporary sources, yet we have no indication that medieval chroniclers were aware of it. The argumentum ex silentio leads critics of the Kievan theory to search for alternative explanations.
Bulgarian theory
In response to the recent flurry of activity on the subject, Ian Mladjov reevaluated the question and presented a completely novel solution.[18] He dismissed each of the prior theories in turn as insufficiently grounded and incompatible given the historical record, and further suggested that many of the proposed solutions would have resulted in later marriages that fell within the prohibited degrees of kinship. He argued that the documentary testimony of Agatha's origins is tainted or late, and concurred with Humphreys' evaluation that the names of the children and grandchildren of Agatha, so central to prior reevaluations, may have had non-family origins (for example, Pope Alexander II played a critical role in the marriage of Malcolm and Margaret). However, he then focused in on the name of Agatha as being critical to determining her origin. He concluded that of the few contemporary Agathas, only one could possibly have been an ancestor of the wife of Edward the Exile, Agatha,[19] wife of Samuel of Bulgaria . Some of the other names associated with Agatha and used to corroborate theories based in onomastics are also readily available within the Bulgarian ruling family at the time, including Mary and several Davids. Mladjov inferred that Agatha was daughter of Gavril Radomir , Tsar of Bulgaria , Agatha's son, by his first wife, a Hungarian princess thought to have been the daughter of Duke Géza of Hungary . This hypothesis has Agatha born in Hungary after her parents divorced, her mother being pregnant when she left Bulgaria, and naming her daughter after the mother of the prince who had expelled her. Traditional dates of this divorce would seem to preclude the suggested relationship, but the article re-examined some long-standing assumptions about the chronology of Gavril Radomir's marriage to the Hungarian princess, and concludes that its dating to the late 980s is unsupportable, and its dissolution belongs in c. 1009-1014. The argument is based almost exclusively on the onomastic precedent but is said to vindicate the intimate connection between Agatha and Hungary attested in the Medieval sources. Mladjov speculates further that the medieval testimony could largely be harmonized were one to posit that Agatha's mother was the same Hungarian princess who married Samuel Aba of Hungary , his family fleeing to Kiev after his downfall, thereby allowing a Russian marriage for Agatha.
This solution fails to conform with any of the relationships appearing in the primary record. It is inferred that the relative familiarity with Germany and unfamiliarity with Hungary partly distorted the depiction of Agatha in the English sources; her actual position would have been that of a daughter of the (unnamed) sister of the King of Hungary (Stephen I), himself the brother-in-law of the Holy Roman Emperor (Henry II, and therefore kinsman of Henry III).
Other theories
In 2002, in an article meant to refute the Kievan hypothesis, John Carmi Parsons suggested yet another possible origin. He made Agatha daughter of a documented count Cristinus (explaining the name Christina for Agatha's daughter) by Oda of Haldensleben, hypothesized to be maternal granddaughter of Vladimir I of Kiev by a German wife, kinswoman to Emperor Henry III. He also floated the possibility that Edward may have married twice, suggesting that the contradictory primary record may in part reflect the confusion between two distinct wives.[20] Recently, one additional theory has appeared. John P. Ravilious has proposed that she was daughter of Mieszko II Lambert of Poland by his German wife, making her kinswoman of both Emperors Henry, as well as sister of a Hungarian queen, the wife of Béla I .[21]
Agatha married Edward "the Exile" , Saxon Prince of England 10 11 about 1040. Edward was born in 1016 in England and died in Feb 1057 in England at age 41.
Noted events in his life were:
• Exiled to Sweden: 1016. to be killed there. Instead, he was sent from there to Kiev , ending up in Hungary .
The child from this marriage was:
+ 7 F i. SaintMargaret of Scotland 12 13 was born in 1045 in Castle Réka, Mecseknádasd, Southern Transdanubia, Hungary, died on 16 Nov 1093 in St Margaret's Chapel in Edinburgh Castle, Midlothian, Scotland at age 48, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland.
6. Anne of Kiev 8 9 (Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born between 1024 and 1032, died in 1075, and was buried in Villiers Abbey, La-Ferte-Alais, Essonne, (Île-de-France), France.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots line 241-6 has d. aft. 1075
Research Notes: 3rd wife of Henry I of France.
From Wikipedia - Anne of Kiev :
Anne of Kiev or Anna Yaroslavna (between 1024 and 1032 - 1075 ), daughter of Yaroslav I of Kiev and his wife Ingegerd Olofsdotter , was the queen consort of France as the wife of Henry I , and regent for her son Philip I .
After the death of his first wife, Matilda, King Henry searched the courts of Europe for a suitable bride, but could not locate a princess who was not related to him within illegal degrees of kinship. At last he sent an embassy to distant Kiev , which returned with Anne (also called Agnes or Anna). Anne and Henry were married at the cathedral of Reims on May 19 , 1051 .
They had three sons:
For six years after Henry's death in 1060 , she served as regent for Philip, who was only seven at the time. She was the first queen of France to serve as regent. Her co-regent was Count Baldwin V of Flanders . Anne was a literate woman, rare for the time, but there was some opposition to her as regent on the grounds that her mastery of French was less than fluent.
A year after the king's death, Anne, acting as regent, took a passionate fancy for Count Ralph III of Valois , a man whose political ambition encouraged him to repudiate his wife to marry Anne in 1062 . Accused of adultery, Ralph's wife appealed to Pope Alexander II , who excommunicated the couple. The young king Philip forgave his mother, which was just as well, since he was to find himself in a very similar predicament in the 1090s . Ralph died in September 1074 , at which time Anne returned to the French court. She died in 1075 , was buried at Villiers Abbey , La-Ferte-Alais , Essonne and her obits were celebrated on September 5 .
Sources
Retrieved from ""
Anne married Henry I , of France 14 15 on 19 May 1051 in Cathedral de Rheims, Rheims, France. Henry was born on 4 May 1008 in Reims, Marne, Champagne, France, died on 4 Aug 1060 in Vitry-en-Brie, France at age 52, and was buried in St. Denis Basilica, Paris, (Île-de-France), France.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 241-6 has m. 20 Jan 1044 or 1045. Wikipedia has 19 May 1051. Was 1044/45 the betrothal?
Noted events in his life were:
• King of France: 1031-1060.
• Count of Paris:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 8 M i. Hugh Magnus of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France 16 17 was born in 1057 and died on 18 Oct 1102 in Tarsus, Cilicia, (Turkey) at age 45.
+ 9 M ii. Philip I of France was born on 23 May 1052 and died on 30 Jul 1108 at age 56.
+ 10 M iii. Robert was born about 1055 and died about 1060 about age 5.
+ 11 F iv. Emma 18 was born in 1054.
Sixth Generation 7. SaintMargaret of Scotland 12 13 (Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1045 in Castle Réka, Mecseknádasd, Southern Transdanubia, Hungary, died on 16 Nov 1093 in St Margaret's Chapel in Edinburgh Castle, Midlothian, Scotland at age 48, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Saint Margaret of Scotland :
Saint Margaret (c. 1045 - 16 November 1093), was the sister of Edgar Ætheling , the short-ruling and uncrowned Anglo-Saxon King of England . She married Malcolm III , King of Scots , becoming his Queen consort .
Early life
Saint Margaret was the daughter of the English prince Edward the Exile , son of Edmund Ironside . She was probably born at Castle Réka, Mecseknádasd , in the region of Southern Transdanubia , Hungary .[citation needed ] The provenance of her mother, Agatha , is disputed.
Margaret had one brother Edgar and one sister Christina.
When her uncle, Saint Edward the Confessor , the French-speaking Anglo-Saxon King of England , died in 1066, she was living in England where her brother, Edgar Ætheling , had decided to make a claim to the vacant throne.
According to tradition, after the conquest of the Kingdom of England by the Normans , the widowed Agatha decided to leave Northumberland with her children and return to the Continent. A storm drove their ship to Scotland , where they sought the protection of King Malcolm III . The spot where she is said to have landed is known today as St. Margaret's Hope, near the village of North Queensferry .
Malcolm was probably a widower , and was no doubt attracted by the prospect of marrying one of the few remaining members of the Anglo-Saxon royal family. The marriage of Malcolm and Margaret soon took place. Malcolm followed it with several invasions of Northumberland by the Scottish king, probably in support of the claims of his brother-in-law Edgar. These, however, had little result beyond the devastation of the province.
Family
Margaret and Malcolm had eight children, six sons and two daughters:
Edward, killed 1093.
Edmund of Scotland
Ethelred , abbot of Dunkeld
King Edgar of Scotland
King Alexander I of Scotland
King David I of Scotland
Edith of Scotland , also called Matilda, married King Henry I of England
Mary of Scotland , married Eustace III of Boulogne
Her husband, Malcolm III, and their eldest son, Edward, were killed in a fight against the English at Alnwick Castle on 13 November 1093. Her son Edmund was left with the task of telling his mother of their deaths. Margaret was ill, and she died on 16 November 1093, three days after the deaths of her husband and eldest son.
Veneration
Saint Margaret was canonised in the year 1250 by Pope Innocent IV in recognition of her personal holiness, fidelity to the Church, work for religious reform, and charity. She attended to charitable works, and personally served orphans and the poor every day before she ate. She rose at midnight to attend church services every night. She was known for her work for religious reform. She was considered to be an exemplar of the "just ruler", and also influenced her husband and children to be just and holy rulers.
The Roman Catholic Church formerly marked the feast of Saint Margaret of Scotland on June 10 , because the feast of "Saint Gertrude, Virgin" was already celebrated on November 16 . In Scotland, she was venerated on November 16, the day of her death.
Per the revision of the Roman Catholic calendar of saints in 1969, the Church transferred her feast day to November 16, the actual day of her death.[1] Traditional Roman Catholics continue to celebrate the feast day of "St Margaret, Queen of Scots, Widow" on June 10 as a Semi-Double feast, or a 3rd Class feast.
Queen Margaret University (founded in 1875), Queen Margaret College (Glasgow) , Queen Margaret Union , Queen Margaret Hospital (just outside Dunfermline ), North Queensferry , South Queensferry , Queen Margaret Academy (Ayr), Queen Margaret College (Wellington) and several streets in Scotland are named after her.
She is also venerated as a saint in the Anglican Church .
Margaret married Malcolm III Canmore, King of Scots 19 20 1068 or 1069 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. Malcolm was born about 1031 and died on 13 Nov 1093 in Alnwick Castle, Alnwick, Northumberland, England about age 62.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, line 170-21 (Malcolm III Canmore) has m. 1068/9 in Dunfermline. St. Margaret was Malcolm's 2nd wife.
Death Notes: Slain while besieging Alnwick Castle.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crowned: King of Scots, 17 Mar 1057 or 1058, Scone, (Perth and Kinross), Scotland. King of Scots 1058-1093
Children from this marriage were:
+ 12 F i. Matilda of Scotland was born in 1079 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland and died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 39.
+ 13 M ii. David I "The Saint" King of Scots 21 22 was born about 1083, died on 24 May 1153 in Carlisle about age 70, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland.
+ 14 F iii. Mary of Scotland 23 died on 18 Apr 1118.
8. Hugh Magnus of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France 16 17 (Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1057 and died on 18 Oct 1102 in Tarsus, Cilicia, (Turkey) at age 45.
Death Notes: Died on crusade.
Research Notes: Duke of France and Burgundy, Marquis of Orleans, Count of Amiens, Chaumont, Paris, Valois, and Vermandois. He was a leader of the First Crusade.
First husband of Adelaide de Vermandois.
From Wikipedia - Hugh of Vermandois :
Hugh of Vermandois (1053 - October 18 , 1101 ), was son to King Henry I of France and Anne of Kiev , and the younger brother of King Philip I of France . He was in his own right Count of Vermandois . William of Tyre called him "Hugh Magnus", Hugh the Great, but he was an ineffectual leader and soldier, great only in his boasting. Indeed, Sir Steven Runciman is certain that "Magnus" is a copyist's error, and should be "minus", "the younger" (referring to Hugh as younger brother of the King of France).
In early 1096 Hugh and Philip began discussing the First Crusade after news of the Council of Clermont reached them in Paris . Although Philip could not participate, as he had been excommunicated , Hugh was said to have been influenced to join the Crusade after an eclipse of the moon on February 11 , 1096.
That summer Hugh's army left France for Italy , where they would cross the Adriatic Sea into territory of the Byzantine Empire , unlike the other Crusader armies who were travelling by land. On the way, many of the soldiers led by fellow Crusader Emicho joined Hugh's army after Emicho was defeated by the Hungarians , whose land he had been pillaging. Hugh crossed the Adriatic from Bari in Southern Italy , but many of his ships were destroyed in a storm off the Byzantine port of Dyrrhachium .
Hugh and most of his army was rescued and escorted to Constantinople , where they arrived in November of 1096. Prior to his arrival, Hugh sent an arrogant, insulting letter to Eastern Roman Emperor Alexius I Comnenus , according to the Emperor's biography by his daughter (the Alexiad), demanding that Alexius meet with him:
"Know, O King, that I am King of Kings, and superior to all, who are under the sky. You are now permitted to greet me, on my arrival, and to receive me with magnificence, as befits my nobility."
Alexius was already wary of the armies about to arrive, after the unruly mob led by Peter the Hermit had passed through earlier in the year. Alexius kept Hugh in custody in a monastery until Hugh swore an oath of vassalage to him.
After the Crusaders had successfully made their way across Seljuk territory and, in 1098 , captured Antioch , Hugh was sent back to Constantinople to appeal for reinforcements from Alexius. Alexius was uninterested, however, and Hugh, instead of returning to Antioch to help plan the siege of Jerusalem , went back to France. There he was scorned for not having fulfilled his vow as a Crusader to complete a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and Pope Paschal II threatened to excommunicate him. He joined the minor Crusade of 1101 , but was wounded in battle with the Turks in September, and died of his wounds in October in Tarsus .
Family and children
He married Adele of Vermandois, the daughter of Herbert IV of Vermandois and Adele of Valois .They had nine children:
Count Raoul I of Vermandois
Henry, senior of Chaumont-en-Vexin , (d. 1130 ).
Simon, Bishop of Noyon
Elizabeth de Vermandois , married
Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester ;
William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey
Matilde de Vermandois, married Raoul I of Beaugency
Constance de Vermandois, married Godefroy de la Ferte-Gaucher
Agnes de Vermandois, married Margrave Boniface del Vasto . Mother of Adelaide del Vasto .
Beatrix de Vermandois, married Hugh III of Gournay-en-Bray
Emma de Vermandois
Hugh married Adelaide de Vermandois, Countess of Vermandois and Valois 24 25 26 before 1080. Adelaide was born about 1065 in <Valois, Île-de-France, France> and died on 28 Sep 1120 in <Vermandois> about age 55.
Marriage Notes: After 1067 and before 1080?
FamilySearch has m. abt 1064.
Death Notes: Possibly d. 1124
Children from this marriage were:
+ 15 F i. Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester 24 27 was born about 1081 in <Valois, Île-de-France, France>, died on 13 Feb 1131 in England about age 50, and was buried in Lewes, Sussex, England.
+ 16 M ii. Raoul I Count of Vermandois
+ 17 M iii. Henry of Chaumont-en-Vexin died in 1130.
+ 18 M iv. Simon Bishop of Noyon
+ 19 F v. Matilde de Vermandois
+ 20 F vi. Constance de Vermandois
+ 21 F vii. Agnes de Vermandois
+ 22 F viii. Beatrix de Vermandois
+ 23 F ix. Emma de Vermandois
9. Philip I of France (Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 23 May 1052 and died on 30 Jul 1108 at age 56.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Anne of Kiev:
Philip (May 23 , 1052 - July 30 , 1108 ) - Anne is credited with bringing the name Philip to Western Europe . She imported this Greek name (Philippos, from philos (love) and hippos (horse), meaning "the one that love horses") from her Eastern Orthodox culture.
10. Robert (Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1055 and died about 1060 about age 5.
Research Notes: Source: Anne of Kiev. Died in childhood
11. Emma 18 (Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1054.
Seventh Generation 12. Matilda of Scotland (Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1079 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland and died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 39.
Birth Notes: Place name may be Dermfermline.
Research Notes: Source: Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-22
From Wikipedia - Matilda of Scotland :
Matilda of Scotland[1] (born Edith; c. 1080 - 1 May 1118) was the first wife and queen consort of Henry I .
Matilda was born around 1080 in Dunfermline , the daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret . She was christened Edith, and Robert Curthose stood as godfather at her christening - the English queen Matilda of Flanders was also present at the font and may have been her godmother.
When she was about six years old, Matilda (or Edith as she was then probably still called) and her sister Mary were sent to Romsey , where their aunt Cristina was abbess. During her stay at Romsey and Wilton , The Scottish princess was much sought-after as a bride; she turned down proposals from both William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey , and Alan Rufus , Lord of Richmond. Hermann of Tournai even claims that William II Rufus considered marrying her. She was out of the monastery by 1093, when Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, wrote to the Bishop of Salisbury ordering that the daughter of the king of Scotland be returned to the monastery that she had left.
After the death of William II Rufus in August 1100, his brother Henry quickly seized the royal treasury and the royal crown. His next task was to marry, and Henry's choice fell on Matilda. Because Matilda had spent most of her life in a nunnery, there was some controversy over whether or not she had been veiled as a nun and would thus be ineligible for marriage. Henry sought permission for the marriage from Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury , who returned to England in September 1100 after a long exile. Professing himself unwilling to decide so weighty a matter on his own, Anselm called a council of bishops in order to determine the legality of the proposed marriage. Matilda testified to the archbishop and the assembled bishops of the realm that she had never taken holy vows. She insisted that her parents had sent her and her sister to England for educational purposes, and that her aunt Cristina had veiled her only to protect her "from the lust of the Normans ." Matilda claimed she had pulled the veil off and stamped on it, and her aunt beat and scolded her most horribly for this. The council concluded that Matilda had never been a nun, nor had her parents intended that she become one, and gave their permission for the marriage.
Matilda and Henry seem to have known one another for some time before their marriage - William of Malmesbury states that Henry had "long been attached" to her, and Orderic Vitalis says that Henry had "long adored" Edith's character. Through her mother she was descended from Edmund Ironside and thus Alfred the Great and the old line of the kings of Wessex; this was very important as Henry wanted to help make himself more popular with the English people and Matilda represented the old English dynasty. In their children the Norman and Anglo-Saxon dynasties would be united. Another benefit of the marriage was that England and Scotland became politically closer; three of her brothers served as kings of Scotland and were unusually friendly to England during this period.
After Matilda and Henry were married on 11 November 1100 at Westminster Abbey by Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury , she was crowned as "Matilda", a fashionable Norman name. She gave birth to a daughter, Matilda, in February 1102, and a son, William, in November 1103. As queen, she maintained her court primarily at Westminster , but accompanied her husband in his travels all across England, and, circa 1106-1107, probably visited Normandy with him. She also served in a vice-regal capacity when Henry was away from court. Her court was filled with musicians and poets; she commissioned a monk, probably Thurgot , to write a biography of her mother, Saint Margaret . She was an active queen, and like her mother was renowned for her devotion to religion and the poor. William of Malmesbury describes her as attending church barefoot at Lent , and washing the feet and kissing the hands of the sick. She also administered extensive dower properties and was known as a patron of the arts, especially music.
After Matilda died on 1 May 1118 at Westminster Palace , she was buried at Westminster Abbey . The death of her only son and Henry's failure to produce a legitimate son from his second marriage led to the succession crisis of The Anarchy .
Matilda married Henry I "Beauclerc" , King of England 28 29 on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England. Henry was born between May 1068 and May 1069 in <Selby, Yorkshire>, England and died on 1 Dec 1135 in St. Denis-le-Fermont, France.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots line 124-25 has b. 1070.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of England: 1100-1135.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 24 F i. EmpressMatilda Countess of Anjou 30 31 was born about 7 Feb 1102 and died on 10 Sep 1167 about age 65.
+ 25 M ii. William Adelin, Duke of Normandy 32 was born in 1103 and died on 25 Nov 1120 at age 17.
Matilda next married someone on 11 Nov 1100.
13. David I "The Saint" King of Scots 21 22 (Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1083, died on 24 May 1153 in Carlisle about age 70, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - David I of Scotland :
David I or Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim (Modern : Daibhidh I mac [Mhaoil] Chaluim;[1] 1083 x 1085 - 24 May 1153) was a 12th-century ruler who was Prince of the Cumbrians (1113-1124) and later King of the Scots (1124-1153). The youngest son of Malcolm III and Margaret , David spent most of his childhood in Scotland , but was exiled to England temporarily in 1093. Perhaps after 1100, he became a dependent at the court of King Henry I . There he was influenced by the Norman and Anglo-French culture of the court.
When David's brother Alexander I of Scotland died in 1124, David chose, with the backing of Henry I, to take the Kingdom of Scotland (Alba ) for himself. He was forced to engage in warfare against his rival and nephew, Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair . Subduing the latter seems to have taken David ten years, a struggle that involved the destruction of Óengus , Mormaer of Moray . David's victory allowed expansion of control over more distant regions theoretically part of his Kingdom. After the death of his former patron Henry I, David supported the claims of Henry's daughter and his own niece, the former Empress-consort, Matilda , to the throne of England. In the process, he came into conflict with King Stephen and was able to expand his power in northern England, despite his defeat at the Battle of the Standard in 1138.
The term "Davidian Revolution " is used by many scholars to summarise the changes which took place in the Kingdom of Scotland during his reign. These included his foundation of burghs , implementation of the ideals of Gregorian Reform , foundation of monasteries , Normanisation of the Scottish government, and the introduction of feudalism through immigrant French and Anglo-French knights.
Childhood and flight to England
David was born at an unknown point between 1083 and 1085.[2] He was probably the eighth son of King Malcolm III , and certainly the sixth and youngest produced by Malcolm's second marriage to Queen Margaret .[3]
In 1093 King Malcolm and David's brother Edward were killed at the river Aln during an invasion of Northumberland .[4] David and his two brothers Alexander and Edgar , both future kings of Scotland, were probably present when their mother died shortly afterwards.[5] According to later medieval tradition, the three brothers were in Edinburgh when they were besieged by their uncle, Donald Bane .[6]
Donald became King of Scotland.[7] It is not certain what happened next, but an insertion in the Chronicle of Melrose states that Donald forced his three nephews into exile, although he was allied with another of his nephews, Edmund .[8] John of Fordun wrote, centuries later, that an escort into England was arranged for them by their maternal uncle Edgar Ætheling .[9]
Intervention of William Rufus and English exile
William Rufus , King of the English, opposed Donald's accession to the northerly kingdom. He sent the eldest son of Malcolm III, David's half-brother Donnchad , into Scotland with an army. Donnchad was killed within the year,[10] and so in 1097 William sent Donnchad's half-brother Edgar into Scotland. The latter was more successful, and was crowned King by the end of 1097.[11]
During the power struggle of 1093-97, David was in England. In 1093, was probably about nine years old.[12] From 1093 until 1103 David's presence cannot be accounted for in detail, but he appears to have been in Scotland for the remainder of the 1090s. When William Rufus was killed, his brother Henry Beauclerc seized power and married David's sister, Matilda . The marriage made David the brother-in-law of the ruler of England. From that point onwards, David was probably an important figure at the English court.[13] Despite his Gaelic background, by the end of his stay in England, David had become a full-fledged Normanised prince. William of Malmesbury wrote that it was in this period that David "rubbed off all tarnish of Scottish barbarity through being polished by intercourse and friendship with us".[14]
Prince of the Cumbrians, 1113-1124
David's time as Prince of the Cumbrians marks the beginning of his life as a great territorial lord. The year of these beginnings was probably 1113, when Henry I arranged David's marriage to Matilda, Countess of Huntingdon , who was the heiress to the Huntingdon-Northampton lordship. As her husband David used the title of Earl , and there was the prospect that David's children by her would inherit all the honours borne by Matilda's father Waltheof . 1113 is the year when David, for the first time, can be found in possession of territory in what is now Scotland.
Obtaining the inheritance
David's brother, King Edgar, had visited William Rufus in May 1099 and bequeathed to David extensive territory to the south of the river Forth .[15] On 8 January 1107, Edgar died. It has been assumed that David took control of his inheritance , the southern lands bequeathed by Edgar, soon after the latter's death.[16] However, it cannot be shown that he possessed his inheritance until his foundation of Selkirk Abbey late in 1113.[17] According to Richard Oram , it was only in 1113, when Henry returned to England from Normandy, that David was at last in a position to claim his inheritance in southern "Scotland".[18]
King Henry's backing seems to have been enough to force King Alexander to recognise his younger brother's claims. This probably occurred without bloodshed, but through threat of force nonetheless.[19] David's aggression seems to have inspired resentment amongst some native Scots. A Gaelic quatrain from this period complains that:
Olc a ndearna mac Mael Colaim, It's bad what Máel Coluim's son has done;, ar cosaid re hAlaxandir, dividing us from Alexander; do-ní le gach mac rígh romhaind, he causes, like each king's son before; foghail ar faras Albain. the plunder of stable Alba. [20] If "divided from" is anything to go by, this quatrain may have been written in David's new territories in southern "Scotland".[21]
The lands in question consisted of the pre-1975 counties of Roxburghshire , Selkirkshire , Berwickshire , Peeblesshire and Lanarkshire . David, moreover, gained the title princeps Cumbrensis, "Prince of the Cumbrians ", as attested in David's charters from this era.[22] Although this was a large slice of Scotland south of the river Forth, the region of Galloway-proper was entirely outside David's control.[23]
David may perhaps have had varying degrees of overlordship in parts of Dumfriesshire , Ayrshire , Dunbartonshire and Renfrewshire .[24] In the lands between Galloway and the Principality of Cumbria, David eventually set up large-scale marcher lordships, such as Annandale for Robert de Brus, Cunningham for Hugh de Morville, and possibly Strathgryfe for Walter Fitzalan .[25]
In England
In the later part of 1113, King Henry gave David the hand of Matilda of Huntingdon, daughter and heiress of Waltheof, Earl of Northumberland . The marriage brought with it the "Honour of Huntingdon", a lordship scattered through the shires of Northampton , Huntingdon , and Bedford ; within a few years, Matilda de Senlis bore a son, whom David named Henry after his patron.[26]
The new territories which David controlled were a valuable supplement to his income and manpower, increasing his status as one of the most powerful magnates in the Kingdom of the English. Moreover, Matilda's father Waltheof had been Earl of Northumberland , a defunct lordship which had covered the far north of England and included Cumberland and Westmorland , Northumberland -proper, as well as overlordship of the bishopric of Durham. After King Henry's death, David would revive the claim to this earldom for his son Henry.[27]
David's activities and whereabouts after 1114 are not always easy to trace. He spent much of his time outside his principality, in England and in Normandy. Despite the death of his sister on 1 May 1118, David still possessed the favour of King Henry when his brother Alexander died in 1124, leaving Scotland without a king.[28]
Political and military events in Scotland during David's kingship
Michael Lynch and Richard Oram portray David as having little initial connection with the culture and society of the Scots;[29] but both likewise argue that David became increasingly re-Gaelicised in the later stages of his reign.[30] Whatever the case, David's claim to be heir to the Scottish kingdom was doubtful. David was the youngest of eight sons of the fifth from last king. Two more recent kings had produced sons. William fitz Duncan , son of King Donnchad II, and Máel Coluim , son of the last king Alexander, both preceded David in terms of the slowly emerging principles of primogeniture . However, unlike David, neither William nor Máel Coluim had the support of Henry. So when Alexander died in 1124, the aristocracy of Scotland could either accept David as King, or face war with both David and Henry I.[31]
Coronation and struggle for the kingdom
Alexander's son Máel Coluim chose war. Orderic Vitalis reported that Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair "affected to snatch the kingdom from [David], and fought against him two sufficiently fierce battles; but David, who was loftier in understanding and in power and wealth, conquered him and his followers".[32] Máel Coluim escaped unharmed into areas of Scotland not yet under David's control, and in those areas gained shelter and aid.[33]
In either April or May of the same year David was crowned King of Scotland (Gaelic : rí(gh) Alban; Latin : rex Scottorum )[34] at Scone . If later Scottish and Irish evidence can be taken as evidence, the ceremony of coronation was a series of elaborate traditional rituals,[35] of the kind infamous in the Anglo-French world of the 12th century for their "unchristian" elements.[36] Ailred of Rievaulx, friend and one time member of David's court, reported that David "so abhorred those acts of homage which are offered by the Scottish nation in the manner of their fathers upon the recent promotion of their kings, that he was with difficulty compelled by the bishops to receive them".[37]
Outside his "Cumbrian" principality and the southern fringe of Scotland-proper, David exercised little power in the 1120s, and in the words of Richard Oram, was "king of Scots in little more than name".[38] He was probably in that part of Scotland he did rule for most of the time between late 1127 and 1130.[39] However, he was at the court of Henry in 1126 and in early 1127,[40] and returned to Henry's court in 1130, serving as a judge at Woodstock for the treason trial of Geoffrey de Clinton .[39] It was in this year that David's wife, Matilda of Huntingdon, died. Possibly as a result of this,[41] and while David was still in southern England,[42] Scotland-proper rose up in arms against him.
The instigator was, again, his nephew Máel Coluim, who now had the support of Óengus of Moray . King Óengus was David's most powerful "vassal", a man who, as grandson of King Lulach of Scotland , even had his own claim to the kingdom. The rebel Scots had advanced into Angus , where they were met by David's Mercian constable , Edward ; a battle took place at Stracathro near Brechin . According to the Annals of Ulster , 1000 of Edward's army, and 4000 of Óengus' army, including Óengus himself, died.[43]
According to Orderic Vitalis, Edward followed up the killing of Óengus by marching north into Moray itself, which, in Orderic's words, "lacked a defender and lord"; and so Edward, "with God's help obtained the entire duchy of that extensive district".[44] However, this was far from the end of it. Máel Coluim escaped, and four years of continuing "civil war" followed; for David this period was quite simply a "struggle for survival".[45]
It appears that David asked for and obtained extensive military aid from his patron, King Henry. Ailred of Rievaulx related that at this point a large fleet and a large army of Norman knights, including Walter l'Espec, were sent by Henry to Carlisle in order to assist David's attempt to root out his Scottish enemies.[46] The fleet seems to have been used in the Irish Sea , the Firth of Clyde and the entire Argyll coast, where Máel Coluim was probably at large among supporters. In 1134 Máel Coluim was captured and imprisoned in Roxburgh Castle .[47] Since modern historians no longer confuse him with Malcolm MacHeth , it is clear that nothing more is ever heard of Máel Coluim mac Alaxadair, except perhaps that his sons were later allied with Somerled .[48]
Pacification of the west and north
Richard Oram puts forward the suggestion that it was during this period that David granted Walter fitz Alan the kadrez of Strathgryfe , with northern Kyle and the area around Renfrew , forming what would become the "Stewart" lordship of Strathgryfe; he also suggests that Hugh de Morville may have gained the kadrez of Cunningham and the settlement of "Strathyrewen" (i.e. Irvine ). This would indicate that the 1130-34 campaign had resulted in the acquisition of these territories.[49]
How long it took to pacify Moray is not known, but in this period David appointed his nephew William fitz Duncan to succeed Óengus, perhaps in compensation for the exclusion from the succession to the Scottish throne caused by the coming of age of David's son Henry . William may have been given the daughter of Óengus in marriage, cementing his authority in the region. The burghs of Elgin and Forres may have been founded at this point, consolidating royal authority in Moray.[50] David also founded Urquhart Priory , possibly as a "victory monastery", and assigned to it a percentage of his cain (tribute) from Argyll.[51]
During this period too, a marriage was arranged between the son of Matad, Mormaer of Atholl , and the daughter of Haakon Paulsson , Earl of Orkney . The marriage temporarily secured the northern frontier of the Kingdom, and held out the prospect that a son of one of David's Mormaers could gain Orkney and Caithness for the Kingdom of Scotland. Thus, by the time Henry I died on 1 December 1135, David had more of Scotland under his control than ever before.[52]
Dominating the north
While fighting King Stephen and attempting to dominate northern England in the years following 1136, David was continuing his drive for control of the far north of Scotland. In 1139, his cousin, the five year old Harald Maddadsson , was given the title of "Earl" and half the lands of the earldom of Orkney , in addition to Scottish Caithness. Throughout the 1140s Caithness and Sutherland were brought back under the Scottish zone of control.[53] Sometime before 1146 David appointed a native Scot called Aindréas to be the first Bishop of Caithness , a bishopric which was based at Halkirk , near Thurso , in an area which was ethnically Scandinavian.[54]
In 1150, it looked like Caithness and the whole earldom of Orkney were going to come under permanent Scottish control. However, David's plans for the north soon began to encounter problems. In 1151, King Eystein II of Norway put a spanner in the works by sailing through the waterways of Orkney with a large fleet and catching the young Harald unawares in his residence at Thurso. Eystein forced Harald to pay fealty as a condition of his release. Later in the year David hastily responded by supporting the claims to the Orkney earldom of Harald's rival Erlend Haraldsson , granting him half of Caithness in opposition to Harald. King Eystein responded in turn by making a similar grant to this same Erlend, cancelling the effect of David's grant. David's weakness in Orkney was that the Norwegian kings were not prepared to stand back and let him reduce their power.[55]
England
David's relationship with England and the English crown in these years is usually interpreted in two ways. Firstly, his actions are understood in relation to his connections with the King of England. No historian is likely to deny that David's early career was largely manufactured by King Henry I of England. David was the latter's "greatest protégé",[56] one of Henry's "new men".[57] His hostility to Stephen can be interpreted as an effort to uphold the intended inheritance of Henry I, the succession of his daughter, Matilda , the former Empress of the Holy Roman Empire. David carried out his wars in her name, joined her when she arrived in England, and later knighted her son, the future Henry II .[58]
However, David's policy towards England can be interpreted in an additional way. David was the independence-loving king trying to build a "Scoto-Northumbrian" realm by seizing the most northerly parts of the English kingdom. In this perspective, David's support for Matilda is used as a pretext for land-grabbing. David's maternal descent from the House of Wessex and his son Henry's maternal descent from the English Earls of Northumberland is thought to have further encouraged such a project, a project which only came to an end after Henry II ordered David's child successor Máel Coluim IV to hand over the most important of David's gains. It is clear that neither one of these interpretations can be taken without some weight being given to the other.[59]
Usurpation of Stephen and First Treaty of Durham
Henry I had arranged his inheritance to pass to his daughter Empress Matilda . Instead, Stephen , younger brother of Theobald II, Count of Blois , seized the throne.[60] David had been the first lay person to take the oath to uphold the succession of Matilda in 1127, and when Stephen was crowned on 22 December 1135, David decided to make war.[61]
Before December was over, David marched into northern England, and by the end of January he had occupied the castles of Carlisle , Wark , Alnwick , Norham and Newcastle . By February David was at Durham, but an army led by King Stephen met him there. Rather than fight a pitched battle, a treaty was agreed whereby David would retain Carlisle, while David's son Henry was re-granted the title and half the lands of the earldom of Huntingdon, territory which had been confiscated during David's revolt. On Stephen's side he received back the other castles; and while David would do no homage, Stephen was to receive the homage of Henry for both Carlisle and the other English territories. Stephen also gave the rather worthless but for David face-saving promise that if he ever chose to resurrect the defunct earldom of Northumberland, Henry would be given first consideration. Importantly, the issue of Matilda was not mentioned. However, the first Durham treaty quickly broke down after David took insult at the treatment of his son Henry at Stephen's court.[62]
Renewal of war and Clitheroe
When the winter of 1136-37 was over, David again invaded England. The King of the Scots confronted a northern English army waiting for him at Newcastle. Once more pitched battle was avoided, and instead a truce was agreed until November. When November fell, David demanded that Stephen hand over the whole of the old earldom of Northumberland. Stephen's refusal led to David's third invasion, this time in January 1138.[63]
The army which invaded England in the January and February 1138 shocked the English chroniclers. Richard of Hexham called it "an execrable army, savager than any race of heathen yielding honour to neither God nor man" and that it "harried the whole province and slaughtered everywhere folk of either sex, of every age and condition, destroying, pillaging and burning the vills, churches and houses".[64] Several doubtful stories of cannibalism were recorded by chroniclers, and these same chroniclers paint a picture of routine enslavings, as well as killings of churchmen, women and infants.[65]
By February King Stephen marched north to deal with David. The two armies avoided each other, and Stephen was soon on the road south. In the summer David split his army into two forces, sending William fitz Duncan to march into Lancashire , where he harried Furness and Craven . On 10 June, William fitz Duncan met a force of knights and men-at-arms. A pitched battle took place, the battle of Clitheroe , and the English army was routed.[66]
Battle of the Standard and Second Treaty of Durham
By later July, 1138, the two Scottish armies had reunited in "St Cuthbert's land", that is, in the lands controlled by the Bishop of Durham , on the far side of the river Tyne . Another English army had mustered to meet the Scots, this time led by William, Earl of Aumale . The victory at Clitheroe was probably what inspired David to risk battle. David's force, apparently 26,000 strong and several times larger than the English army, met the English on 22 August at Cowdon Moor near Northallerton , North Yorkshire .[67]
The Battle of the Standard , as the encounter came to be called, was unsuccessful for the Scots. Afterwards, David and his surviving notables retired to Carlisle. Although the result was a defeat, it was not by any means decisive. David retained the bulk of his army and thus the power to go on the offensive again. The siege of Wark, for instance, which had been going on since January, continued until it was captured in November. David continued to occupy Cumberland as well as much of Northumberland .[68]
On 26 September Cardinal Alberic , Bishop of Ostia , arrived at Carlisle where David had called together his kingdom's nobles, abbots and bishops. Alberic was there to investigate the controversy over the issue of the Bishop of Glasgow's allegiance or non-allegiance to the Archbishop of York. Alberic played the role of peace-broker, and David agreed to a six week truce which excluded the siege of Wark. On 9 April David and Stephen's wife Matilda of Boulogne met each other at Durham and agreed a settlement. David's son Henry was given the earldom of Northumberland and was restored to the earldom of Huntingdon and lordship of Doncaster ; David himself was allowed to keep Carlisle and Cumberland. King Stephen was to retain possession of the strategically vital castles of Bamburgh and Newcastle. This effectively fulfilled all of David's war aims.[68]
Arrival of Matilda and the renewal of conflict
The settlement with Stephen was not set to last long. The arrival in England of the Empress Matilda gave David an opportunity to renew the conflict with Stephen. In either May or June, David travelled to the south of England and entered Matilda's company; he was present for her expected coronation at Westminster Abbey , though this never took place. David was there until September, when the Empress found herself surrounded at Winchester .[69]
This civil war, or "the Anarchy " as it was later called, enabled David to strengthen his own position in northern England. While David consolidated his hold on his own and his son's newly acquired lands, he also sought to expand his influence. The castles at Newcastle and Bamburgh were again brought under his control, and he attained dominion over all of England north-west of the river Ribble and Pennines , while holding the north-east as far south as the river Tyne, on the borders of the core territory of the bishopric of Durham. While his son brought all the senior barons of Northumberland into his entourage, David rebuilt the fortress of Carlisle. Carlisle quickly replaced Roxburgh as his favoured residence. David's acquisition of the mines at Alston on the South Tyne enabled him to begin minting the Kingdom of Scotland 's first silver coinage. David, meanwhile, issued charters to Shrewsbury Abbey in respect to their lands in Lancashire .[70]
Bishopric of Durham and the Archbishopric of York
However, David's successes were in many ways balanced by his failures. David's greatest disappointment during this time was his inability to ensure control of the bishopric of Durham and the archbishopric of York. David had attempted to appoint his chancellor, William Comyn, to the bishopric of Durham, which had been vacant since the death of Bishop Geoffrey Rufus in 1140. Between 1141 and 1143, Comyn was the de facto bishop, and had control of the bishop's castle; but he was resented by the chapter . Despite controlling the town of Durham, David's only hope of ensuring his election and consecration was gaining the support of the Papal legate, Henry of Blois , Bishop of Winchester and brother of King Stephen. Despite obtaining the support of the Empress Matilda, David was unsuccessful and had given up by the time William de St Barbara was elected to the see in 1143.[71]
David also attempted to interfere in the succession to the archbishopric of York. William FitzHerbert , nephew of King Stephen, found his position undermined by the collapsing political fortune of Stephen in the north of England, and was deposed by the Pope. David used his Cistercian connections to build a bond with Henry Murdac , the new archbishop. Despite the support of Pope Eugenius III , supporters of King Stephen and William FitzHerbert managed to prevent Henry taking up his post at York. In 1149, Henry had sought the support of David. David seized on the opportunity to bring the archdiocese under his control, and marched on the city. However, Stephen's supporters became aware of David's intentions, and informed King Stephen. Stephen therefore marched to the city and installed a new garrison. David decided not to risk such an engagement and withdrew.[72] Richard Oram has conjectured that David's ultimate aim was to bring the whole of the ancient kingdom of Northumbria into his dominion. For Oram, this event was the turning point, "the chance to radically redraw the political map of the British Isles lost forever".[73]
Scottish Church
Historical treatment of David I and the Scottish church usually emphasises David's pioneering role as the instrument of diocesan reorganisation and Norman penetration, beginning with the bishopric of Glasgow while David was Prince of the Cumbrians, and continuing further north after David acceded to the throne of Scotland. Focus too is usually given to his role as the defender of the Scottish church's independence from claims of overlordship by the Archbishop of York and the Archbishop of Canterbury .
Ecclesiastical disputes
One of the first problems David had to deal with as king was an ecclesiastical dispute with the English church. The problem with the English church concerned the subordination of Scottish sees to the archbishops of York and/or Canterbury, an issue which since his election in 1124 had prevented Robert of Scone from being consecrated to the see of St Andrews (Cell Ríghmonaidh). It is likely that since the 11th century the bishopric of St Andrews functioned as a de facto archbishopric. The title of "Archbishop" is accorded in Scottish and Irish sources to Bishop Giric [82] and Bishop Fothad II .[83]
The problem was that this archiepiscopal status had not been cleared with the papacy, opening the way for English archbishops to claim overlordship of the whole Scottish church. The man responsible was the new aggressively assertive Archbishop of York, Thurstan . His easiest target was the bishopric of Glasgow, which being south of the river Forth was not regarded as part of Scotland nor the jurisdiction of St Andrews. In 1125, Pope Honorius II wrote to John, Bishop of Glasgow ordering him to submit to the archbishopric of York.[84] David ordered Bishop John of Glasgow to travel to the Apostolic See in order to secure a pallium which would elevate the bishopric of St Andrews to an archbishopric with jurisdiction over Glasgow.[85]
Thurstan travelled to Rome, as did the Archbishop of Canterbury, William de Corbeil , and both presumably opposed David's request. David however gained the support of King Henry, and the Archbishop of York agreed to a year's postponement of the issue and to consecrate Robert of Scone without making an issue of subordination.[86] York's claim over bishops north of the Forth were in practice abandoned for the rest of David's reign, although York maintained her more credible claims over Glasgow.[87]
In 1151, David again requested a pallium for the Archbishop of St Andrews. Cardinal John Paparo met David at his residence of Carlisle in September 1151. Tantalisingly for David, the Cardinal was on his way to Ireland with four pallia to create four new Irish archbishoprics. When the Cardinal returned to Carlisle, David made the request. In David's plan, the new archdiocese would include all the bishoprics in David's Scottish territory, as well as bishopric of Orkney and the bishopric of the Isles . Unfortunately for David, the Cardinal does not appear to have brought the issue up with the papacy. In the following year the papacy dealt David another blow by creating the archbishopric of Trondheim, a new Norwegian archbishopric embracing the bishoprics of the Isles and Orkney.[88]
Succession and death
Perhaps the greatest blow to David's plans came on 12 July 1152 when Henry, Earl of Northumberland, David's only son and successor, died. He had probably been suffering from some kind of illness for a long time. David had under a year to live, and he may have known that he was not going to be alive much longer. David quickly arranged for his grandson Máel Coluim to be made his successor, and for his younger grandson William to be made Earl of Northumberland. Donnchad I, Mormaer of Fife , the senior magnate in Scotland-proper, was appointed as rector, or regent , and took the 11 year-old Máel Coluim around Scotland-proper on a tour to meet and gain the homage of his future Gaelic subjects. David's health began to fail seriously in the Spring of 1153, and on 24 May 1153, David died.[89] In his obituary in the Annals of Tigernach , he is called Dabíd mac Mail Colaim, rí Alban & Saxan, "David, son of Máel Coluim, King of Scotland and England", a title which acknowledged the importance of the new English part of David's realm.[90]
Monastic patronage
David was one of medieval Scotland's greatest monastic patrons. In 1113, in perhaps David's first act as Prince of the Cumbrians, he founded Selkirk Abbey for the Tironensians .[118] David founded more than a dozen new monasteries in his reign, patronising various new monastic orders.[119]
Not only were such monasteries an expression of David's undoubted piety, but they also functioned to transform Scottish society. Monasteries became centres of foreign influence,, and provided sources of literate men, able to serve the crown's growing administrative needs.[120] These new monasteries, and the Cistercian ones in particular, introduced new agricultural practices.[121] Cistercian labour, for instance, transformed southern Scotland into one of northern Europe's most important sources of sheep wool.[122]
Noted events in his life were:
• Prince of the Cumbrians: 1113-1124.
• Crowned: King of Scots, 23 Apr 1124, Scone, (Perth and Kinross), Scotland. King of Scots 23 Apr. 1124-1153.
David married Maud , of Huntingdon 33 34 35 1113 or 1114. Maud was born about 1074 and died in 1131 about age 57.
Noted events in her life were:
• Countess of Huntingdon and Northumberland:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 26 M i. Henry of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon 34 36 was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38.
14. Mary of Scotland 23 (Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died on 18 Apr 1118.
Mary married Eustace III , Count of Boulogne and Lens 37 38 in 1102. Eustace died after 1125.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader:
• Count of Boulogne: 1087-1125.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 27 F i. Matilda of Boulogne 39 40 was born about 1105 in Boulogne, France, died on 3 Jul 1151 in Hedingham Castle about age 46, and was buried in Faversham Abbey.
15. Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester 24 27 (Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1081 in <Valois, Île-de-France, France>, died on 13 Feb 1131 in England about age 50, and was buried in Lewes, Sussex, England.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1085 in Valois, France
Research Notes: From: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Elizabeth de Vermandois, or Elisabeth or Isabel de Vermandois (c. 1081 -13 February 1131 ), is a fascinating figure about whose descendants and ancestry much is known and about whose character and life relatively little is known. She was twice married to influential Anglo-Norman magnates, and had several children (among whose descendants are numbered many kings and some queens of England and Scotland). Her Capetian and Carolingian ancestry was a source of much pride for some of these descendants (who included these arms as quarterings in their coats-of-arms[1] ). However, the lady herself led a somewhat controversial life.
Family
Elizabeth de Vermandois was the third daughter of Hugh Magnus and Adele of Vermandois. Her paternal grandparents were Henry I of France and Anne of Kiev . Her maternal grandparents were Herbert IV of Vermandois and Adele of Vexin .
Her mother was the heiress of the county of Vermandois, and descendant of a junior patrilineal line of descent from Charlemagne . The first Count of Vermandois was Pepin of Vermandois . He was a son of Bernard of Italy , grandson of Pippin of Italy and great-grandson of Charlemagne and Hildegard .
As such, Elizabeth had distinguished ancestry and connections. Her father was a younger brother of Philip I of France and her mother was among the last Carolingians . She was also distantly related to the Kings of England , the Dukes of Normandy , the Counts of Flanders and through her Carolingian ancestors to practically every major nobleman in Western Europe .
Countess of Leicester
In 1096, while under age (and probably aged 9 or 11), Elizabeth married Robert de Meulan, 1st Earl of Leicester . Meulan was over 35 years her senior, which was an unusual age difference even for this time period. He was a nobleman of some significance in France, having inherited lands from his maternal uncle Henry, Count of Meulan, and had fought bravely and with distinction at his first battle, the Battle of Hastings in 1066 then aged only 16. His parents Roger de Beaumont , Lord of Beaumont-le-Roger and Pont-Audemar and Adeline of Meulan , heiress of Meulan had died long before; Roger had been a kinsman and close associate of William the Conqueror . Meulan had inherited lands in Normandy after his father died circa 1089, and had also been given lands in the Kingdom of England after his participation in the Norman conquest of England . However, at the time of the marriage, he held no earldom in England while his younger brother was already styled Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick .
Planche states that the bride (Elizabeth) agreed willingly to the marriage, although this means little in the context. Despite the immense age difference, this was a good marriage for its times. Meulan was a respected advisor to three reigning monarchs: William II of England ), Robert Curthose of Normandy and Philip I of France .
According to Middle Ages custom, brides were often betrothed young - 8 being the legal age for betrothal and 12 for marriage (for women). The young betrothed wife would often go to her husband's castle to be raised by his parents or other relatives and to learn the customs and ways of her husband's family. The actual wedding would not take place until much later. Some genealogists speculate that the usual age at which a noble bride could expect the marriage to be consummated would be 14. This is consistent with the date of birth of Elizabeth's first child Emma in 1102 when she would be about 15 to 17.
The marriage produced several children, including most notably two sons who were twins (born 1104 ), and thus remarkable in both surviving and both becoming important noblemen. They are better known to historians of this period as the Beaumont twins, or as Waleran de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and his younger twin Robert Bossu (the Humpback) or Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester . (Readers of Ellis Peters' Cadfael historical mystery series will find both twins mentioned frequently).
Another notable child of this marriage was Elisabeth or Isabel de Beaumont, one of the youngest mistresses of Henry I of England and later mother (by her first marriage) of Richard Strongbow .
Some contemporaries were surprised that the aging Count of Meulan (b circa 1049/1050) was able to father so many children, given how busy he was with turmoil in England and Normandy from 1102 to 1110 (or later) and acting as Henry I's unofficial minister. One explanation is offered below; another might simply be an indication of his good health and energy (expended mostly in dashing from one troublespot in Normandy to England back to Normandy).
William II of England died suddenly in a purported hunting accident, and was hastily succeeded not by the expected heir but by the youngest brother Henry . This seizure of the throne led to an abortive invasion by the older brother Duke Robert of Normandy, followed by an uneasy truce between the brothers, followed by trouble in both England and Normandy for some time (stirred up by Duke Robert, and by an exiled nobleman Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury ). Finally, Henry invaded Normandy and in the Battle of Tinchebray (September 28 , 1106 ) destroyed organized opposition to his takeover of Normandy and imprisoned his ineffectual older brother for his lifetime. Meulan and his brother Warwick were apparently supporters of Henry during this entire period, and Meulan was rewarded with the earldom of Leicester in 1103 . By 1107, Meulan was in possession of substantial lands in three domains. In 1111, he was able to revenge himself on the attack on his seat Meulan by Louis VI of France . He avenged himself by harrying Paris .
Countess of Surrey
Elizabeth, Countess of Meulan apparently tired of her aging husband at some point during the marriage. The historian Planche says (1874) that the Countess was seduced by or fell in love with a younger nobleman, William de Warenne (c. 1071 -11 May 1138 ) himself the thwarted suitor of Edith of Scotland , Queen consort of Henry I of England. Warenne, whose mother Gundred has been alleged (in modern times) to be the Conqueror's daughter and stepdaughter by some genealogists, was said to want a royal bride, and Elizabeth fitted his requirements, even though she was also another man's wife.
In 1115, the Countess was apparently carried off or abducted by Warenne, which abduction apparently concealed a long-standing affair. There was some kind of separation or divorce between Meulan and his wife, which however did not permit her to marry her lover. The elderly Count of Meulan died, supposedly of chagrin and mortification in being thus publicly humiliated, in the Abbey of Preaux, Normandy on 5 June 1118 , leaving his properties to his two elder sons whom he had carefully educated.
Elizabeth married, secondly, William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey , sometime after the death of her first husband. By him, it is alleged, she already had several children (all born during her marriage to Meulan). She also had at least one daughter born while she was living out of wedlock with Warenne (1115-1118). It is unclear whether this daughter was Ada de Warenne, wife of Henry of Scotland or Gundrede de Warenne, wife of Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick (her half-brothers' first cousin).
The later life of Elizabeth de Vermandois is not known. Her sons by her first marriage appear to have a good relationship with their half-brother William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey although on opposing sides for much of the wars between Stephen and Matilda . Her eldest son Waleran, Count of Meulan was active in supporting the disinherited heir William Clito , son of Robert Curthose until captured by King Henry. He was not released until Clito's death without issue in 1128. Her second son Robert inherited his father's English estates and the earldom of Leicester and married the heiress of the Fitzosbern counts of Breteuil. Her daughter Isabel however became a king's concubine or mistress at a young age; it is unclear whether her mother's own life or her eldest brother's political and personal travails in this period played any part in this decision. Before her mother died, Isabel had become wife of Gilbert de Clare , later (1147) Earl of Pembroke, so had adopted a more conventional life like her mother.
There are no known biographies of Elizabeth de Vermandois, nor any known fictional treatments of her life.
Children and descendants
During her first marriage (1096-1115) to Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan (d 5 June 1118), Elizabeth had 3 sons (including twin elder sons) and 6 daughters:
In her second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
The second earl had married Isabella, daughter of Hugh, Count of Vermandois, widow of Robert de Beaumont, earl of Leicester. The arms of Warenne "checky or and azure" were adopted from the Vermandois coat after this marriage.
The original Vermandois arms were "checky or and sable" but there was no black tincture in early medieval heraldry until sable was discovered, being the crushed fur of this animal. A very deep indigo was used instead which faded into blue so the Vermandois arms becams "checky argent and or".
The Vermandois arms were inherited by the earls of Warenne and Surrey, the Newburgh earls of Warwick, the Beauchamp earls of Warwick and Worcester and the Clifford earls of Cumberland.
Isabel married Sir Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan 41 42 43 between 1096 and 1101. The marriage ended in divorce. Robert was born about 1049 in Pont-Audemer, Beaumont, Normandy, France, died on 5 Jun 1118 in Leicestershire, England about age 69, and was buried in Preaux, Normandy, France.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 53-24 has m. 1096. Wikipedia has m. abt. 1101.
Noted events in their marriage were:
• Betrothal: to Robert de Meulan, 1096.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 28 M i. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester 43 44 45 was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. (Relationship to Father: Biological, Relationship to Mother: Biological)
+ 29 F ii. Emma de Beaumont was born in 1102.
+ 30 M iii. Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan 46 47 was born in 1104 in <Meulan, Île-de-France>, France, died on 10 Apr 1166 in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France at age 62, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France.
+ 31 M iv. Hugh de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Bedford was born about 1106.
+ 32 M v. Adeline de Beaumont 24 was born about 1107.
+ 33 F vi. Aubree de Beaumont 24 was born about 1109.
+ 34 F vii. Maud de Beaumont was born about 1111.
+ 35 F viii. Isabel de Beaumont 48 was born between 1100 and 1107 and died after 1172.
Isabel next married William II de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey 26 34 49 after 1118. William was born about 1065 in <Sussex, England>, died on 11 May 1138 in <England> about age 73, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 36 M i. William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne 50 was born in 1118 and died in 1148 at age 30.
+ 37 F ii. Ada de Warenne 24 34 51 died about 1178.
+ 38 M iii. Reginald de Warenne
+ 39 M iv. Ralph de Warenne
+ 40 F v. Gundred de Warenne 52 53 was born about 1117 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England, died after 1165 in Warwickshire, England, and was buried in Kelso, Roxburgh, Scotland.
+ 41 M vi. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester 43 44 45 was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. (Relationship to Father: Step, Relationship to Mother: Biological)
16. Raoul I Count of Vermandois (Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
17. Henry of Chaumont-en-Vexin (Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died in 1130.
Research Notes: Source: Hugh of Vermandois
18. Simon Bishop of Noyon (Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
19. Matilde de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
20. Constance de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
21. Agnes de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
22. Beatrix de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
23. Emma de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
Eighth Generation 24. EmpressMatilda Countess of Anjou 30 31 (Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 7 Feb 1102 and died on 10 Sep 1167 about age 65.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots Line 1-23 has b. abt. 1102-1104; Line 118-25 has b. 1104.
Some other source has b. Feb 1101
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Empress Matilda :
Empress Matilda, also known as Matilda of England or Maude (c. 7 February 1102 - 10 September 1167) was the daughter and heir of King Henry I of England . Matilda and her younger brother, William Adelin , were the only legitimate children of King Henry. Her brother died young in the White ship disaster , leaving Matilda as the last heir from the paternal line of her grandfather William the Conqueror .
As a child, Matilda was betrothed and later married to Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor . From her marriage to Henry, she acquired the title Empress. The couple had no known children. When widowed, she was married to the much younger Geoffrey of Anjou , by whom she became the mother of three sons, the eldest of whom became King Henry II of England .
Matilda was the first female ruler of the Kingdom of England . However the length of her effective rule was quite brief - a few months in 1141 - and she was never crowned and failed to consolidate her rule (legally and politically). Because of this she is normally excluded from lists of English monarchs, and her rival (and cousin) Stephen of Blois is routinely listed as monarch for the period 1135-1154. Their warring rivalry for the throne led to years of unrest and civil war in England that have been called The Anarchy . She did secure her inheritance of the Duchy of Normandy - through the military feats of her husband Geoffrey - and she campaigned unstintingly for her oldest son's inheritance, living to see him ascend the throne in 1154.
(In Latin texts Matilda was sometimes called Maude . This is a modernised spelling of the Norman-French form of her name, Mahaut.)
Early life
Matilda was the firstborn of two children to Henry I of England and his wife Matilda of Scotland (also known as Edith). Her maternal grandparents were Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland . Margaret was daughter of Edward the Exile and granddaughter of Edmund II of England . (Most historians believe Matilda was born at Winchester , but one, John Fletcher (1990), argues for the possibility of the royal palace at Sutton Courtenay in Oxfordshire .)
First marriage: Holy Roman Empress
When she was seven years old, Matilda was betrothed to Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor ; at nine, she was sent to the Holy Roman Empire (Germany) to begin training for the life of Empress consort . The royal couple were married at Worms on January 7, 1114, and Matilda accompanied her husband on tours to Rome and Tuscany . After time, the young wife of the Emperor acted as regent , mainly in Italy, in his absence[1]. Emperor Henry died in 1125. The imperial couple had no surviving offspring, but Herman of Tournai states that Matilda bore a son who lived only a short while.
Despite being popularly known by the title "Empress " from her first marriage, Matilda's right to the title was dubious. She was never crowned Holy Roman Empress by a legitimate Pope - which ceremony was normally required to achieve the title; indeed, in later years she encouraged chroniclers to believe she had been crowned by the Pope. Contemporary, she was called German Queen by her husband's bishops, while her formal title was recorded as "Queen of the Romans". Still, "Empress" was arguably an appropriate courtesy title for the wife of an Emperor who had been crowned by the Pope.
In 1120 her brother William Adelin was drowned in the disastrous wreck of the White Ship , which left Matilda as the only legitimate child of her father King Henry . Like Matilda, her cousin Stephen of Blois was a grandchild of William (the Conqueror) of Normandy ; but her paternal line made her senior in right of succession to his maternal line.
Second marriage: Countess of Anjou
Matilda returned to England a young widow, age 23, and dowager "Empress" - a status of considerable pride to her. There Henry named her his heir to both the English throne and his Duchy of Normandy . Henry saw to it that the Anglo-Norman barons (including Stephen of Blois ) were sworn (several times) to accept Matilda as ruler if Henry died without a male heir.
Henry then arranged a second marriage for Matilda; as he aimed to achieve peace between the fractious barons of Normandy and Anjou. On 17 June 1128, Matilda, aged 26, was married to Geoffrey of Anjou , aged 15, who also was Count of Maine and heir apparent to (his father) the Count of Anjou - which title he soon acquired, and by which Matilda became Countess of Anjou. It was a title she rarely used. Geoffrey called himself "Plantagenet " from the broom flower (planta genista) he adopted as his personal emblem. So Plantagenet became the dynastic name of that powerful line of English kings who descended from Matilda and Geoffrey.
Matilda's marriage with Geoffrey was troubled; there were frequent long separations, but they had three sons and she survived him. The eldest son, Henry , was born on 5 March 1133. In 1134, she nearly died in childbirth, following the birth of her second son, Geoffrey, Count of Nantes . A third son, William X, Count of Poitou , was born in 1136.
When her father died in Normandy, on 1 December 1135, Matilda was with her husband, in Anjou ; and, crucially, too far away from events rapidly unfolding in England and Normandy. Stephen of Blois rushed to England upon learning of Henry's death; in London he moved quickly to grasp the crown of England from its appointed heir.
But Matilda was game to contest Stephen in both realms; she and her husband Geoffrey entered Normandy and began military campaigns to claim her inheritance. Progress was uneven at first, but she persevered; even so, it was not until 1139 that Matilda felt secure enough in Normandy to turn her attentions to invading England and fighting Stephen directly.
In Normandy, Geoffrey secured all fiefdoms west and south of the Seine by 1143; in January 1144, he crossed the Seine and took Rouen without resistance. He assumed the title Duke of Normandy , and Matilda became Duchess of Normandy. Geoffrey and Matilda held the duchy conjointly until 1149, then ceded it to their son, Henry, which event was soon ratified by King Louis VII of France .
Struggle for throne of England
On the death of her father, Henry I, in 1135, Matilda expected to succeed to the throne of England , but her cousin, Stephen of Blois , a nephew of Henry I, usurped the throne with the support of most of the barons, breaking the oath he had previously made to defend her rights. The civil war which followed was bitter and prolonged, with neither side gaining the ascendancy for long, but it was not until 1139 that Matilda could command the military strength necessary to challenge Stephen within his own realm. Stephen's wife, the Countess of Boulogne who was also named Matilda , was the Empress's maternal cousin. During the war, Matilda's most loyal and capable supporter was her illegitimate half-brother, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester .
Matilda's greatest triumph came in April 1141, when her forces defeated and captured King Stephen at the Battle of Lincoln . He was made a prisoner and effectively deposed.
Her advantage lasted only a few months. When she marched on London , the city was ready to welcome her and support her coronation . She used the title of Lady of the English and planned to assume the title of queen upon coronation (the custom which was followed by her grandsons, Richard and John ).[2] However, she refused the citizens' request to have their taxes halved and, because of her own arrogance [2], she found the gates of London shut and the civil war reignited on 24 June 1141. By November, Stephen was free, having been exchanged for the captured Robert of Gloucester, and a year later, the tables were turned when Matilda was besieged at Oxford but escaped to Wallingford , supposedly by fleeing across the snow-covered land in a white cape. In 1141 she had escaped Devizes in a similarly clever manner, by disguising herself as a corpse and being carried out for burial. In 1148, Matilda and Henry returned to Normandy , following the death of Robert of Gloucester, and the reconquest of that county by her husband. Upon their arrival, Geoffrey turned Normandy over to his son, and retired to his own county of Anjou .
Later life
Matilda's first son, Henry , was showing signs of becoming a successful leader. Although the civil war had been decided in Stephen's favour, his reign was troubled. In 1153, the death of his son Eustace, combined with the arrival of a military expedition led by Henry, led him to acknowledge the latter as his heir by the Treaty of Wallingford .
Matilda retired to Rouen in Normandy during her last years, where she maintained her own court and presided over the government of the duchy in the absence of Henry. She intervened in the quarrels between her eldest son Henry and her second son Geoffrey, but peace between the brothers was brief. Geoffrey rebelled against Henry twice before his sudden death in 1158. Relations between Henry and his youngest brother, William X, Count of Poitou , were more cordial, and William was given vast estates in England. Archbishop Thomas Becket refused to allow William to marry the Countess of Surrey and the young man fled to Matilda's court at Rouen. William, who was his mother's favourite child, died there in January 1164, reportedly of disappointment and sorrow. She attempted to mediate in the quarrel between her son Henry and Becket, but was unsuccessful.
Although she gave up hope of being crowned in 1141, her name always preceded that of her son Henry, even after he became king. Matilda died at Notre Dame du Pré near Rouen and was buried in the Abbey church of Bec-Hellouin, Normandy. Her body was transferred to the Rouen Cathedral in 1847; her epitaph reads: "Great by Birth, Greater by Marriage, Greatest in her Offspring: Here lies Matilda, the daughter, wife, and mother of Henry."
Matilda married Henry V , Holy Roman Emperor on 7 Jan 1114 in Worms, (Rhine-Palatinate, Germany). Henry was born on 8 Jan 1086 and died on 23 May 1125 at age 39.
Matilda next married Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy 54 55 56 on 22 May 1128 in Le Mans, France. Geoffrey was born on 24 Aug 1113 in Anjou, France, died on 7 Sep 1151 at age 38, and was buried in Le Mans, France.
Marriage Notes: Marriage date may have been 3 April 1127 (Ancestral Roots Line 1-23). Line 118-25 (Geoffrey V) has m. 22 May 1127.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Anjou, Touraine and Maine: 1129-1151.
• Duke of Normandy: 1144-1151.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 42 M i. Henry II "Curtmantel" King of England was born on 5 Mar 1132 in Le Mans, France, died on 6 Jul 1189 at age 57, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France.
25. William Adelin, Duke of Normandy 32 (Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1103 and died on 25 Nov 1120 at age 17.
Death Notes: Died in the White Ship tragedy.
26. Henry of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon 34 36 (David I "The Saint" , King of Scots13, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38.
Research Notes: Eldest son of David I, King of Scots.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 170-23
Henry married Ada de Warenne 24 34 51 in 1139. Ada died about 1178.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 43 F i. Margaret of Huntingdon 57 died in 1201.
27. Matilda of Boulogne 39 40 (Mary , of Scotland14, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1105 in Boulogne, France, died on 3 Jul 1151 in Hedingham Castle about age 46, and was buried in Faversham Abbey.
Death Notes: Wikipedia has d. 3 May 1152.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Matilda of Boulogne :
Matilda I or Maud (1105? - 3 May, 1152), was suo jure Countess of Boulogne . She was also wife of King Stephen of England and Queen of England .
History
She was born in Boulogne , France , the daughter of Eustace III, Count of Boulogne and his wife Mary of Scotland, daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland . Matilda was first cousin of her husband's rival, Empress Matilda . Through her maternal grandmother, Matilda was descended from the pre-Conquest English kings.
In 1125, Matilda married Stephen of Blois , Count of Mortain, who possessed a large honour in England. When Matilda's father abdicated and retired to a monastery the same year, this was joined with Boulogne and the similarly large English honour Matilda inherited. On Eustace III's death, Matilda and her husband became joint rulers of Boulogne. Two children, a son and a daughter, were born to the Countess and Count of Boulogne during the reign of King Henry I , who had granted Stephen and Matilda a residence in London. [1] The son was named Baldwin, after Matilda's uncle, King Baldwin I of Jerusalem . [2] The daughter was named Matilda. Baldwin died in early childhood and the young Matilda is thought to have died during childhood too, although some scholars state that she lived long enough to be espoused to the count of Milan. [3]
On the death of Henry I of England in 1135, Stephen rushed to England, taking advantage of Boulogne's control of the closest seaports, and was crowned king, beating his rival, the Empress Matilda . Matilda was heavily pregnant at that time and crossed the Channel after gaving birth to a son, Eustace , who would one day succeed her as Count of Boulogne. Matilda was crowned queen at Easter - March 22, 1136. [4]
In the civil war that followed, known as the Anarchy , Matilda proved to be her husband's strongest supporter. After he was captured at the Battle of Lincoln she rallied the king's partisans, and raised an army with the help of William of Ypres . Empress Matilda was besieging Stephen's brother Henry of Blois , but she, in turn, besieged the Empress, driving her away and capturing the Empress's brother, Robert of Gloucester .
Around 1125, her father died and she succeeded as Countess of Boulogne. She ruled this area jointly with her husband until 1150, when she reigned alone until 1151, when the County was given to her eldest son Eustace, then her surviving son William inherited it, and then her daughter Marie.
Matilda died of a fever at Hedingham Castle , Essex , England and is buried at Faversham Abbey , which was founded by her and her husband. [5]
Issue
Stephen and Matilda had three sons:
They also had two daughters:
Matilda married Stephen , of Blois, King of England 58 59 about 1119. Stephen was born about 1096 in Blois, Loire-et-Cher, France, died on 25 Oct 1154 in Dover Priory, Dover, England about age 58, and was buried in Faversham Abbey.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Mortain: 1115-1154.
• King of England: 1135-1154.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 44 F i. Marie of Blois, Countess of Boulogne 60 was born in 1136 and died in 1182 at age 46.
28. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester 43 44 45 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois -
Younger twin of Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan. Nicknamed Robert Bossu (the Humpback).
From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester :
Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester (1104 - 5 April 1168 ) was Justiciar of England 1155-1168.
The surname "de Beaumont" is given him by genealogists. The only known contemporary surname applied to him is "Robert son of Count Robert". Henry Knighton, the fourteenth-century chronicler notes him as Robert "Le Bossu" (meaning "Robert the Hunchback" in French ).
Early Life and Education
Robert was an English nobleman of Norman-French ancestry. He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was the twin brother of Waleran de Beaumont . There is no knowing whether they were identical or fraternal twins, but the fact that they are remarked on by contemporaries as twins indicates that they probably were in fact identical.
The two brothers, Robert and Waleran, were adopted into the royal household shortly after their father's death in June 1118 (upon which Robert inherited his father's second titles of Earl of Leicester). Their lands on either side of the Channel were committed to a group of guardians, led by their stepfather, William earl of Warenne or Surrey . They accompanied King Henry I to Normandy , to meet with Pope Callixtus II in 1119 , when the king incited them to debate philosophy with the cardinals . Both twins were literate, and Abingdon Abbey later claimed to have been Robert's school, but though this is possible, its account is not entirely trustworthy. A surviving treatise on astronomy (British Library ms Royal E xxv) carries a dedication "to Earl Robert of Leicester, that man of affairs and profound learning, most accomplished in matters of law" who can only be this Robert. On his death he left his own psalter to the abbey he founded at Leicester, which was still in its library in the late fifteenth century. The existence of this indicates that like many noblemen of his day, Robert followed the canonical hours in his chapel.
Career at the Norman Court
In 1120 Robert was declared of age and inherited most of his father's lands in England, while his twin brother took the French lands. However in 1121 , royal favour brought Robert the great Norman honors of Breteuil and Pacy-sur-Eure , with his marriage to Amice de Montfort , daughter of a Breton intruder the king had forced on the honor after the forfeiture of the Breteuil family in 1119 . Robert spent a good deal of his time and resources over the next decade integrating the troublesome and independent barons of Breteuil into the greater complex of his estates. He did not join in his brother's great Norman rebellion against King Henry I in 1123 -. He appears fitfully at the royal court despite his brother's imprisonment until 1129 . Thereafter the twins were frequently to be found together at Henry I's court.
Robert held lands throughout the country. In the 1120s and 1130s he tried to rationalise his estates in Leicestershire. Leicestershire estates of the See of Lincoln and the Earl of Chester were seized by force. This enhanced the integrity of Robert's block of estates in the central midlands, bounded by Nuneaton , Loughborough , Melton Mowbray and Market Harborough .
In 1135 , the twins were present at King Henry's deathbed. Robert's actions in the succession period are unknown, but he clearly supported his brother's decision to join the court of the new king Stephen before Easter 1136 . During the first two years of the reign Robert is found in Normandy fighting rival claimants for his honor of Breteuil. Military action allowed him to add the castle of Pont St-Pierre to his Norman estates in June 1136 at the expense of one of his rivals. From the end of 1137 Robert and his brother were increasingly caught up in the politics of the court of King Stephen in England, where Waleran secured an ascendancy which lasted till the beginning of 1141. Robert participated in his brother's political coup against the king's justiciar, Roger of Salisbury (the Bishop of Salisbury ).
...
Family and children
He married after 1120 Amice de Montfort , daughter of Ralph, senior of Gael or Montfort . They had four children:
Hawise, who married William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester ;
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester ;
Isabel, who married with:
Simon II of St Liz, 4th Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton ;
Gervase Paynel of Dudley.
Margaret, who married Ralph V de Toeni
Literary references
He is a minor character in The Holy Thief, one of the Brother Cadfael series by Ellis Peters .
Notes
^ a b c Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 69
References
Noted events in his life were:
• Knighted: 1122.
• Justiciar of England: 1155-1168.
Robert married Amice de Gael de Montfort 43 45 61 after 1120. Amice was born about 1108 and died 31 Aug 1168 or 1169 about age 60.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 45 M i. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester 43 62 63 was born about 1121 in Beaumont, France and died on 31 Aug 1190 in Durazzo, West Albania about age 69.
+ 46 F ii. Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester died on 24 Apr 1197.
+ 47 F iii. Isabel de Beaumont
+ 48 F iv. Margaret de Beaumont
29. Emma de Beaumont (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1102.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Emma de Beaumont (born 1102 ) whose fate is unknown. She was betrothed as an infant to Aumari, nephew of William, Count of Evreux, but the marriage never took place. She probably died young, or entered a convent.[2]
30. Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan 46 47 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1104 in <Meulan, Île-de-France>, France, died on 10 Apr 1166 in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France at age 62, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois
Younger twin. Twin brother was Robert de Beaumont (aka Robert Bossu).
Waleran married Agnes de Montfort 46 about 1141 in Normandy, France. Agnes was born about 1123 in <Montfort-de-Risle, Eure>, France and died on 15 Dec 1181 about age 58.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 49 M i. Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan 46 was born about 1140 in Meulan, Normandy, France and died in Oct 1207 in Palestine about age 67.
31. Hugh de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Bedford (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1106.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois
32. Adeline de Beaumont 24 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1107.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Adeline de Beaumont (b ca 1107), married two times:
33. Aubree de Beaumont 24 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1109.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Aubree (or Alberee) de Beaumont (b ca 1109), married by her brother Waleran to Hugh II of Châteauneuf-en-Thimerais (possibly son of Hugh I of Châteauneuf-en-Thimerais and his wife Mabille de Montgomerie, 2nd daughter of Roger de Montgomerie, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury )
34. Maud de Beaumont (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1111.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Maud de Beaumont (b ca 1111), married by her brother Waleran to William Lovel, or Louvel or Lupel, son of Ascelin Goel, Lord of Ivri.
35. Isabel de Beaumont 48 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born between 1100 and 1107 and died after 1172.
Research Notes: From thepeerage.com:
Isabella of Meulan was born between 1102 and 1107.1 She was the daughter of Robert de Meulan, 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois.2 She married Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke, son of Gilbert fitz Richard and Adeliza de Clermont . She died after 1172.2
As a result of her marriage, Isabella of Meulan was styled as Countess of Pembroke.
-----------
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Isabel de Beaumont (b Aft. 1102), a mistress of King Henry I of England . Married two times:
Isabel married Gilbert FitzGilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke.64 65 66 Gilbert was born about 1100 and died on 6 Jan 1148 about age 48.
36. William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne 50 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1118 and died in 1148 at age 30.
Research Notes: First husband of Ela (Talvas).
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
In her second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
William married Ela Talvas, of Alençon and Ponthieu.67 68 69 Ela was born about 1124 in <Alençon, Normandy>, France, died on 10 Oct 1174 in Bradenstoke Priory, Bradenstoke, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried on 4 Dec 1174.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 50 F i. Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey 70 died on 13 Jul 1199.
37. Ada de Warenne 24 34 51 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died about 1178.
Research Notes: Widow of Conale Petit, Earl of Brittany and Richmond. Sister of William the Lion, King of Scots.
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Ada de Warenne (d. ca. 1178 ), who married Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon , younger son of King David I of Scotland , Earl of Huntingdon by his marriage to the heiress Matilda or Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon (herself great-niece of William I of England ) and had issue. They were parents to Malcolm IV of Scotland and William I of Scotland and their youngest son became David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon . All Kings of Scotland since 1292 were the descendants of Huntingdon.
Ada married Henry , of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon 34 36 in 1139. Henry was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 26)
38. Reginald de Warenne (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
39. Ralph de Warenne (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
40. Gundred de Warenne 52 53 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1117 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England, died after 1165 in Warwickshire, England, and was buried in Kelso, Roxburgh, Scotland.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey:
Gundrada de Warenne , who married first Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick , and second William, lord of Kendal , and is most remembered for expelling king Stephen 's garrison from Warwick Castle ;
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1166.
Gundred married Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick 71 72 before 1130. Roger was born about 1102 and died on 12 Jun 1153 about age 51.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 51 M i. Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick 73 74 was born before 1153 and died on 24 Dec 1204.
Gundred next married William I de Lancaster, 5th Baron of Kendal of Workington 53 75 after 1153. William was born about 1100 in <Kendal, Westmoreland, England> and died in 1170 about age 70.
Noted events in his life were:
• Castellan: of William Fitz Duncan's castle of Egremont, 1138.
• Governor: of Castle of Lancaster.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 52 F i. Avice de Lancaster 53 76 was born about 1155 in Cumberland, England and died on 1 Jan 1191 about age 36.
41. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester 43 44 45 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois -
Younger twin of Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan. Nicknamed Robert Bossu (the Humpback).
From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester :
Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester (1104 - 5 April 1168 ) was Justiciar of England 1155-1168.
The surname "de Beaumont" is given him by genealogists. The only known contemporary surname applied to him is "Robert son of Count Robert". Henry Knighton, the fourteenth-century chronicler notes him as Robert "Le Bossu" (meaning "Robert the Hunchback" in French ).
Early Life and Education
Robert was an English nobleman of Norman-French ancestry. He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was the twin brother of Waleran de Beaumont . There is no knowing whether they were identical or fraternal twins, but the fact that they are remarked on by contemporaries as twins indicates that they probably were in fact identical.
The two brothers, Robert and Waleran, were adopted into the royal household shortly after their father's death in June 1118 (upon which Robert inherited his father's second titles of Earl of Leicester). Their lands on either side of the Channel were committed to a group of guardians, led by their stepfather, William earl of Warenne or Surrey . They accompanied King Henry I to Normandy , to meet with Pope Callixtus II in 1119 , when the king incited them to debate philosophy with the cardinals . Both twins were literate, and Abingdon Abbey later claimed to have been Robert's school, but though this is possible, its account is not entirely trustworthy. A surviving treatise on astronomy (British Library ms Royal E xxv) carries a dedication "to Earl Robert of Leicester, that man of affairs and profound learning, most accomplished in matters of law" who can only be this Robert. On his death he left his own psalter to the abbey he founded at Leicester, which was still in its library in the late fifteenth century. The existence of this indicates that like many noblemen of his day, Robert followed the canonical hours in his chapel.
Career at the Norman Court
In 1120 Robert was declared of age and inherited most of his father's lands in England, while his twin brother took the French lands. However in 1121 , royal favour brought Robert the great Norman honors of Breteuil and Pacy-sur-Eure , with his marriage to Amice de Montfort , daughter of a Breton intruder the king had forced on the honor after the forfeiture of the Breteuil family in 1119 . Robert spent a good deal of his time and resources over the next decade integrating the troublesome and independent barons of Breteuil into the greater complex of his estates. He did not join in his brother's great Norman rebellion against King Henry I in 1123 -. He appears fitfully at the royal court despite his brother's imprisonment until 1129 . Thereafter the twins were frequently to be found together at Henry I's court.
Robert held lands throughout the country. In the 1120s and 1130s he tried to rationalise his estates in Leicestershire. Leicestershire estates of the See of Lincoln and the Earl of Chester were seized by force. This enhanced the integrity of Robert's block of estates in the central midlands, bounded by Nuneaton , Loughborough , Melton Mowbray and Market Harborough .
In 1135 , the twins were present at King Henry's deathbed. Robert's actions in the succession period are unknown, but he clearly supported his brother's decision to join the court of the new king Stephen before Easter 1136 . During the first two years of the reign Robert is found in Normandy fighting rival claimants for his honor of Breteuil. Military action allowed him to add the castle of Pont St-Pierre to his Norman estates in June 1136 at the expense of one of his rivals. From the end of 1137 Robert and his brother were increasingly caught up in the politics of the court of King Stephen in England, where Waleran secured an ascendancy which lasted till the beginning of 1141. Robert participated in his brother's political coup against the king's justiciar, Roger of Salisbury (the Bishop of Salisbury ).
...
Family and children
He married after 1120 Amice de Montfort , daughter of Ralph, senior of Gael or Montfort . They had four children:
Hawise, who married William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester ;
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester ;
Isabel, who married with:
Simon II of St Liz, 4th Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton ;
Gervase Paynel of Dudley.
Margaret, who married Ralph V de Toeni
Literary references
He is a minor character in The Holy Thief, one of the Brother Cadfael series by Ellis Peters .
Notes
^ a b c Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 69
References
Noted events in his life were:
• Knighted: 1122.
• Justiciar of England: 1155-1168.
Robert married Amice de Gael de Montfort 43 45 61 after 1120. Amice was born about 1108 and died 31 Aug 1168 or 1169 about age 60.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 28)
Ninth Generation 42. Henry II "Curtmantel" King of England (Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 5 Mar 1132 in Le Mans, France, died on 6 Jul 1189 at age 57, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-24
Henry married Eleanor , of Aquitaine on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux, France. Eleanor was born about 1124, died on 31 Mar 1204 in Fontevrault about age 80, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 53 F i. Eleanor of England 77 78 was born on 13 Oct 1162 in Domfront, Normandy and died on 31 Oct 1214 at age 52.
+ 54 M ii. KingJohn "Lackland" of England 79 80 was born on 24 Dec 1167 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England, died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Lincolnshire, England at age 48, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England.
Henry had a relationship with Ida de Tosny.81 82
+ 55 M i. William Longspée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury 83 84 was born about 1176 in England, died on 7 Mar 1226 in Salisbury Castle, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried in Salisbury Cathedral, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.
43. Margaret of Huntingdon 57 (Henry , of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon26, David I "The Saint" , King of Scots13, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died in 1201.
Research Notes: Second wife of Alan, Lord of Galloway.
Margaret married Humphrey IV de Bohun, Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford 85 86 in 1175. Humphrey died about 1182.
Noted events in his life were:
• Hereditary Constable of England:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 56 M i. Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford 87 88 was born in 1176 and died on 1 Jun 1220 at age 44.
Margaret next married Alan , Lord of Galloway 89 in 1209. Alan was born about 1186 in <Galloway, Wigtownshire, Scotland>, died in 1234 about age 48, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland: 1215-1234.
44. Marie of Blois, Countess of Boulogne 60 (Matilda , of Boulogne27, Mary , of Scotland14, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1136 and died in 1182 at age 46.
Research Notes: Countess of Boulogne in her own right.
Marie married Matthew , of Alsace, Count of Boulogne.90
The child from this marriage was:
+ 57 F i. Mathilde of Flanders 91 died between 1210 and 1211.
45. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester 43 62 63 (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1121 in Beaumont, France and died on 31 Aug 1190 in Durazzo, West Albania about age 69.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester (died 1190 ) was an English nobleman, one of the principal followers of Henry the Young King in the Revolt of 1173-1174 against his father Henry II . He is also called Robert Blanchemains (meaning "White Hands" in French ).
He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester , a staunch supporter of Henry II, and he inherited from his father large estates in England and Normandy .
When the revolt of the younger Henry broke out in April 1173 , Robert went to his castle at Breteuil in Normandy . The rebels' aim was to take control of the duchy, but Henry II himself led an army to besiege the castle; Robert fled, and the Breteuil was taken on September 25 or 26.
Robert apparently went to Flanders , where he raised a large force of mercenaries, and landed at Walton, Suffolk , on September 29 , 1173. He joined forces with Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk , and the two marched west, aiming to cut England in two across the Midlands and to relieve the king's siege of Robert's castle at Leicester . However, they were intercepted by the king's supporters and defeated in battle at Fornham , near Bury St Edmunds , on October 17 . Robert, along with his wife and many others, was taken prisoner. Henry II took away the earl's lands and titles as well.
He remained in captivity until January 1177 , well after most of the other prisoners had been released. The king was in a strong position and could afford to be merciful; not long after his release Robert's lands and titles were restored, but not his castles. All but two of his castles had been destroyed, and those two (Montsorrel in Leicestershire and Pacy in Normandy) remained in the king's hands.
Robert had little influence in the remaining years of Henry II's reign, but was restored to favor by Richard I . He carried one of the swords of state at Richard's coronation in 1189 . In 1190 Robert went on pilgrimage to Palestine , but he died in Greece on his return journey.
Family
Robert married Pernelle[1], who was either a granddaughter or great-granddaughter of Hugh de Grandmesnil . They had five children:
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader: 1179.
Robert married Petronilla de Grandmesnil 63 92 93 about 1155. Petronilla was born about 1134 in <Leicestershire>, England and died on 1 Apr 1212 in Leicester, Leicestershire, England about age 78.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 58 F i. Margaret de Beaumont 43 94 95 was born about 1156 in <Hampshire>, England and died about 12 Jan 1235 about age 79.
+ 59 M ii. Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester 96 died about 21 Oct 1204.
+ 60 M iii. Roger de Beaumont, Bishop of St Andrews
+ 61 M iv. William de Beaumont
+ 62 F v. Amicia de Beaumont
46. Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died on 24 Apr 1197.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester
Also Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 63-26
Hawise married William FitzRobert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester about 1150. William was born about 1128 and died on 23 Nov 1183 about age 55.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 63 F i. Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester 97 98 was born about 1160 and died on 1 Jan 1225 about age 65.
47. Isabel de Beaumont (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
48. Margaret de Beaumont (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
49. Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan 46 (Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan30, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1140 in Meulan, Normandy, France and died in Oct 1207 in Palestine about age 67.
Robert married Maud de Dunstanville 46 in 1165 in Cornwall, England. Maud was born about 1143 in Dunstanville, Kent, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 64 F i. Mabel de Beaumont 46 was born about 1168 in <Meulan, Normandy>, France and died after 1 May 1204.
50. Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey 70 (William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne36, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died on 13 Jul 1199.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
In [Elizabeth's] second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
Isabelle married William , of Blois, Count of Boulogne. William died in 1159.
Isabelle next married Hamelin Plantagenet, 5th Earl of Surrey 99 100 101 in Apr 1164. Hamelin was born about 1129, died on 7 May 1202 about age 73, and was buried in Chapter House, Lewes Priory, Surrey, England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 65 M i. William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey was born about 1174 in Surrey, England, died on 27 May 1240 in London, England about age 66, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England.
+ 66 F ii. Maud de Warenne 102 103 was born about 1162 and died before 13 Dec 1228.
51. Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick 73 74 (Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born before 1153 and died on 24 Dec 1204.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, Line 84-26, has: "d. 24 Dec. 1203 or bef. 13 Oct. 1204"
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick :
Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick (1153 - 12 December 1204 ) was the younger son of Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick and Gundred de Warrenne , daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was also known as Walerian de Newburg.
After his brother 's death an impostor arose, claiming to be the deceased Earl; he gave Waleran a great deal of trouble in maintaining his claim. He does not appear to have been a great soldier, for he paid scutage money to escape military service in Wales . His position in the Court is attested by his bearing the right hand Sword of State at the Coronation of King John , 27 May 1199 .
He liberally supported the hospital of St. Michael's Hospital, Warwick and gave to the nuns of Pinley land at Claverdon , and land at Brailes to the nuns at Wroxall, Warwickshire .
Family and children
He married first to Margery, daughter of Henry d'Oily and Maud de Bohun and had children:
Henry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of Warwick , his heir.
Waleran de Beaumont of Gretham and Cotismore .
Gundred de Beaumont. She and her cousin Mabel became nuns at the Abbey of Pinley .
His second wife was Alice de Harcourt, widow of John de Limesy, Lord of Cavendish, daughter of Robert de Harcourt and had one child:
Alice de Beaumont (died before 1263), married William de Maudit , Baron of Hanslape , Chamberlain to the King. They children were:
William Maudit, 8th Earl of Warwick ;
Isabel de Maudit , married William de Beauchamp , Baron Emley. Their son was William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick .
Waleran married Margery d'Oilly.104
Waleran next married Alice de Harcourt 105 about 1196. Alice died after 1212.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 67 F i. Alice de Beaumont 106 died between 1246 and 1263.
52. Avice de Lancaster 53 76 (Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1155 in Cumberland, England and died on 1 Jan 1191 about age 36.
Avice married Richard de Morville, of Lauder in Lauderdale.76 107 Richard was born about 1143 in <Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland, England> and died in 1189 about age 46.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 68 F i. Elena de Morville 76 107 was born about 1172 in <Kirkoswald, Cumberland, England>, died on 11 Jun 1217 about age 45, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
+ 69 M ii. William de Morville 76 died in 1196.
Tenth Generation 53. Eleanor of England 77 78 (Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 13 Oct 1162 in Domfront, Normandy and died on 31 Oct 1214 at age 52.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. 1162 and b. 1161
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Eleanor of England (1162-1214) :
Eleanor of England (known in Castilian as Leonora; 13 October 1162 - 31 October 1214) was Queen of Castile and Toledo as wife of Alfonso VIII of Castile .
She was born in the castle at Domfront , Normandy , and was baptised by Henry of Marcy . She was the sixth child and second daughter of King Henry II of England and his wife Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine . Her godfather was the chronicler Robert of Torigny , who had a special interest in her and recorded her life as best he could. She received her first name as a namesake of her mother, whose name "Eleanor" (or Alienor) had previously been unrecorded though may have been related to the Greek Helen or the Italian Elena . Another view holds that in the Occitan language , Eleanor simply meant "the other Aenor," since Eleanor of Aquitaine was named for her mother, called Aenor .
Eleanor was a younger maternal half-sister of Marie de Champagne and Alix of France . She was a younger sister of William IX, Count of Poitiers , Henry the Young King , Matilda, Duchess of Saxony , Richard I of England and Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany . She was also an older sister of Joan of Sicily and John of England .
When she was eighteen years old, in September 1180, she was married to Alfonso VIII . The marriage was arranged to secure the Pyrennean border, with Gascony offered as her dowry.
Of all Eleanor of Aquitaine's daughters, her namesake Eleanor best inherited her mother's political influence. She was almost as powerful as her husband, who specified in his will that she was to rule alongside their son in the event of his death. It was she who persuaded him to marry their daughter Berenguela to the king of Leon in the interest of peace.
When Alfonso died, his queen was reportedly so devastated with grief that she was unable to preside over the burial. Their daughter Berenguela instead performed these honors. Leonora then took sick and died only twenty-eight days after her husband, and was buried at Las Huelgas abbey in Burgos.
Children
Eleanor married Alfonso VIII "the Noble" , King of Castile 108 109 in Sep 1180. Alfonso was born on 11 Nov 1155 and died on 5 Oct 1214 at age 58.
Marriage Notes: Ancestral Roots has m. 1177.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Castile: 1158-1214.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 70 F i. Blanche of Castile 110 111 was born on 4 Mar 1188 in Palencia, (Palencia, Castile-Léon), Spain and died on 26 Nov 1252 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France at age 64.
54. KingJohn "Lackland" of England 79 80 (Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 24 Dec 1167 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England, died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Lincolnshire, England at age 48, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - John of England :
John (24 December 1166 - 19 October 1216 [1]) reigned as King of England from 6 April 1199 , until his death. He succeeded to the throne as the younger brother of King Richard I (known in later times as "Richard the Lionheart"). John acquired the nicknames of "Lackland" (French : Sans Terre) for his lack of an inheritance as the youngest son and for his loss of territory to France , and of "Soft-sword" for his alleged military ineptitude.[2] He was a Plantagenet or Angevin king.
Apart from entering popular legend as the enemy of the fictional Robin Hood , he is also known for acquiescing to the nobility and signing Magna Carta , a document that limited his power and that is popularly regarded as an early first step in the evolution of modern democracy .
Born at Beaumont Palace , Oxford , John was the fifth son and last of eight children born to Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine . He was almost certainly born in 1166 instead of 1167, as is sometimes claimed.[3]
He was a younger maternal half-brother of Marie de Champagne and Alix of France , his mother's children by her first marriage to Louis VII of France , which was later annulled. He was a younger brother of William, Count of Poitiers ; Henry the Young King ; Matilda, Duchess of Saxony ; Richard I of England ; Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany ; Leonora, Queen of Castile ; and Joan, Queen of Sicily
Early life
While John was his father's favourite son, as the youngest he could expect no inheritance . His family life was tumultuous, as his older brothers all became involved in repeated rebellions against Henry . Eleanor was imprisoned by Henry in 1173, when John was a small boy.
As a child, John was betrothed to Alys (pronounced 'Alice'), daughter and heiress of Humbert III of Savoy . It was hoped that by this marriage the Angevin dynasty would extend its influence beyond the Alps , because John was promised the inheritance of Savoy , the Piemonte , Maurienne , and the other possessions of Count Humbert. King Henry promised his young son castles in Normandy which had been previously promised to his brother Geoffrey, which was for some time a bone of contention between King Henry and his son Geoffrey. Alys made the trip over the Alps and joined Henry's court, but she died before being married.
Gerald of Wales relates that King Henry had a curious painting in a chamber of Winchester Castle , depicting an eagle being attacked by three of its chicks, while a fourth chick crouched, waiting for its chance to strike. When asked the meaning of this picture, King Henry said:
The four young ones of the eagle are my four sons, who will not cease persecuting me even unto death. And the youngest, whom I now embrace with such tender affection, will someday afflict me more grievously and perilously than all the others.
Before his accession, John had already acquired a reputation for treachery, having conspired sometimes with and sometimes against his elder brothers, Henry, Richard and Geoffrey. In 1184, John and Richard both claimed that they were the rightful heir to Aquitaine, one of many unfriendly encounters between the two. In 1185, John became the ruler of Ireland , whose people grew to despise him, causing John to leave after only eight months...
Death
Retreating from the French invasion, John took a safe route around the marshy area of the Wash to avoid the rebel held area of East Anglia . His slow baggage train (including the Crown Jewels ), however, took a direct route across it and was lost to the unexpected incoming tide. This dealt John a terrible blow, which affected his health and state of mind. Succumbing to dysentery and moving from place to place, he stayed one night at Sleaford Castle before dying on 18 October (or possibly 19 October ) 1216 , at Newark Castle (then in Lincolnshire , now on Nottinghamshire 's border with that county). Numerous, possibly fictitious, accounts circulated soon after his death that he had been killed by poisoned ale, poisoned plums or a "surfeit of peaches".
He was buried in Worcester Cathedral in the city of Worcester .
His nine-year-old son succeeded him and became King Henry III of England (1216-72), and although Louis continued to claim the English throne, the barons switched their allegiance to the new king, forcing Louis to give up his claim and sign the Treaty of Lambeth in 1217.
Legacy
King John's reign has been traditionally characterised as one of the most disastrous in English history: it began with defeats-he lost Normandy to Philip Augustus of France in his first five years on the throne-and ended with England torn by civil war and himself on the verge of being forced out of power. In 1213, he made England a papal fief to resolve a conflict with the Roman Catholic Church , and his rebellious barons forced him to sign Magna Carta in 1215, the act for which he is best remembered...
Marriage and issue
In 1189, John was married to Isabel of Gloucester , daughter and heiress of William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (she is given several alternative names by history, including Avisa, Hawise, Joan, and Eleanor). They had no children, and John had their marriage annulled on the grounds of consanguinity , some time before or shortly after his accession to the throne, which took place on 6 April 1199 , and she was never acknowledged as queen. (She then married Geoffrey FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville, 2nd Earl of Essex as her second husband and Hubert de Burgh as her third).
John remarried, on 24 August 1200 , Isabella of Angoulême , who was twenty years his junior. She was the daughter of Aymer Taillefer , Count of Angouleme. John had kidnapped her from her fiancé, Hugh X of Lusignan .
Isabella bore five children:
John is given a great taste for lechery by the chroniclers of his age, and even allowing some embellishment, he did have many illegitimate children. Matthew Paris accuses him of being envious of many of his barons and kinsfolk, and seducing their more attractive daughters and sisters. Roger of Wendover describes an incident that occurred when John became enamoured of Margaret, the wife of Eustace de Vesci and an illegitimate daughter of King William I of Scotland . Eustace substituted a prostitute in her place when the king came to Margaret's bed in the dark of night; the next morning, when John boasted to Vesci of how good his wife was in bed, Vesci confessed and fled.
John had the following illegitimate children:
By an unknown mistress (or mistresses) John fathered:
(The surname of FitzRoy is Norman-French for son of the king.)
Noted events in his life were:
• Crowned: King of England, 1199. King of England 1199-1216
John married Isabella , of Angoulême on 10 May 1200. Isabella was born about 1186, died on 31 May 1246 in Fontévrault Abbey, France about age 60, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A-28 has m. John 10 May 1200, but line 117-27 has m. 24 Aug 1200.
Noted events in their marriage were:
• Marriage: possibly, 24 Aug 1200, Bordeaux, France.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 71 M i. KingHenry III of England 112 113 was born on 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Winchester, (Hampshire), England, died on 16 Nov 1272 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 65, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, Middlesex, England.
+ 72 M ii. Richard 1st Earl of Cornwall, King of the Romans was born on 5 Jan 1209 and died on 2 Apr 1272 at age 63.
+ 73 F iii. Joan Queen Consort of Scotland 114 was born in 1210 and died in 1238 at age 28.
+ 74 F iv. Isabella was born in 1214 and died in 1241 at age 27.
+ 75 F v. Eleanor was born in 1215 and died on 13 Apr 1275 at age 60.
John had a relationship with Clemence.
+ 76 F i. Joan Princess of Gwynedd 115 116 117 was born before 1200 and died between 30 Mar 1236 and Feb 1237.
55. William Longspée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury 83 84 (Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1176 in England, died on 7 Mar 1226 in Salisbury Castle, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried in Salisbury Cathedral, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.
Research Notes: Illegitimate son of Henry II, probably through Countess Ida.
From Wikipedia - William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury :
William Longespée, jure uxoris 3rd Earl of Salisbury (c. 1176 - 7 March 1226 ) was an English noble, primarily remembered for his command of the English forces at the Battle of Damme and for remaining loyal to King John .
He was an illegitimate son of Henry II of England . His mother was unknown for many years, until the discovery of a charter of William mentioning "Comitissa Ida, mater mea" (engl. "Countess Ida, my mother")[2] [3]
This Ida, a member of the prominent Tosny or Toesny family, later (1181) married Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk [4].
King Henry acknowledged William as his son and gave him the Honour of Appleby, Lincolnshire in 1188. Eight years later, his half-brother, King Richard I , married him to a great heiress, Ela, Countess of Salisbury in her own right, and daughter of William of Salisbury, 2nd Earl of Salisbury .
During the reign of King John, Salisbury was at court on several important ceremonial occasions, and held various offices: sheriff of Wiltshire , lieutenant of Gascony , constable of Dover and warden of the Cinque Ports , and later warden of the Welsh Marches . He was a commander in the king's Welsh and Irish expeditions of 1210-1212. The king also granted him the honour of Eye .
In 1213, Salisbury led a large fleet to Flanders , where he seized or destroyed a good part of a French invasion fleet anchored at or near Damme . This ended the invasion threat but not the conflicts between England and France . In 1214, Salisbury was sent to help Otto IV of Germany , an English ally, who was invading France. Salisbury commanded the right wing of the army at their disastrous defeat at the Battle of Bouvines , where he was captured.
By the time he returned to England, revolt was brewing amongst the barons. Salisbury was one of the few who remained loyal to John. In the civil war that took place the year after the signing of the Magna Carta , Salisbury was one of the leaders of the king's army in the south. However, after the French prince Louis (later Louis VIII ) landed as an ally of the rebels, Salisbury went over to his side. Presumably, he thought John's cause was lost.
After John's death and the departure of Louis, Salisbury, along with many other barons, joined the cause of John's young son, now Henry III of England . He held an influential place in the government during the king's minority and fought in Gascony to help secure the remaining part of the English continental possessions. Salisbury's ship was nearly lost in a storm while returning to England in 1225, and he spent some months in refuge at a monastery on the French island of Ré . He died not long after his return to England at Salisbury Castle . Roger of Wendover alleged that he was poisoned by Hubert de Burgh . He was buried at Salisbury Cathedral in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.
William Longespee's tomb was opened in 1791. Bizarrely, the well-preserved corpse of a rat which carried traces of arsenic [5], was found inside his skull. The rat is now on display in a case at the Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum.
Family
By his wife Ela, Countess of Salisbury , he had four sons and four daughters [6]:
William married Ela , Countess of Salisbury 84 118 in 1196. Ela was born in 1187 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England, died on 24 Aug 1261 in Lacock Abbey, Lacock, Wiltshire, England at age 74, and was buried in Lacock Abbey, Lacock, Wiltshire, England.
Burial Notes: The incription on her tombstone, originally written in Latin, reads:
Below lie buried the bones of the venerable Ela, who gave this sacred house as a home for the nuns. She also had lived here as holy abbess and Countess of Salisbury, full of good works
Noted events in her life were:
• Founded: Lacock Abbey in Wiltshire, 1229.
• Sheriff of Wiltshire: 1226-1228. Following her husband's death 7 March 1226.
• Entered: Lacock Abbey as a nun, 1238.
• Abbess: of Lacock Abbey, 1240-1257.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 77 M i. William II Longspée 84 119 was born about 1212 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England, died on 8 Feb 1250 in Al-Mansura, Egypt about age 38, and was buried in Acre, Palestine.
56. Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford 87 88 (Margaret , of Huntingdon43, Henry , of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon26, David I "The Saint" , King of Scots13, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1176 and died on 1 Jun 1220 at age 44.
Death Notes: Died on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land
Research Notes: From Magna Charta Barons, pp. 81-82:
Henry de Bohun, eldest son and heir, who in reality was the first Earl of Hereford of this family, being so created by charter of King John, dated April 28, 1199; but the office of lord high constable he inherited. As he took prominent part with the Barons against the king, his lands were sequestered, but he received them again at the sealing of the Magna Charta. He was elected one of the celebrated twenty-five Sureties for the observance of the Magna Charta, and having been excommunicated by the Pope, with the other Barons, he did not return to his allegiance on the decease of King John, but was one of the commanders in the army of Louis, the Dauphin, at the battle of Lincoln, and was taken prisoner. After this defeat he joined Saher de Quincey, and others, in a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and c. on the passage, June 1, 1220, 4 Henry III. His body was brought home and buried in the chapter-house of Llanthony Abbey, in Gloucestershire.
He m. Maud, daughter of Geoffrey Fitz-Piers, Baron de Mandeville, created, in 1199, Earl of Essex, Justiciary of England, d. 1212, and eventually heiress of her brother William de Mandeville, last Earl of Essex of that family, by whom he acquired the honor of Essex and many extensive lordships, and sister of Geoffrey de Mandeville, one of the celebrated twenty-five Magna Charta Sureties, and had:
Humphrey de Bohun, second Earl of Hereford and Essex.
Margaret, wife of Waleran de Newburgh, fourth Earl of Warwick.
Ralph de Bohun.
Noted events in his life were:
• Hereditary Constable of England:
• Sheriff of Kent: 1200.
• Magna Charta Surety: 1215.
Henry married Maud FitzGeoffrey, de Mandeville.120 Maud died on 27 Aug 1236.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 78 M i. Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex 121 122 was born by 1208, died on 24 Sep 1275 in Warwickshire, England at age 67, and was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.
57. Mathilde of Flanders 91 (Marie , of Blois, Countess of Boulogne44, Matilda , of Boulogne27, Mary , of Scotland14, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died between 1210 and 1211.
Mathilde married Henry I , Duke of Lorraine, Louvain and Brabant 123 124 in 1179. Henry was born about 1165 in Leuven, Brabant, Flanders, Belgium and died on 5 Sep 1235 in Cologne, Germany about age 70.
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Brabant: 1184.
• Duke of Lower Lotharingia: 1190.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 79 M i. Henry II Duke of Brabant 125 was born in 1207 and died on 1 Feb 1248 in Leuven, Brabant, Flanders, Belgium at age 41.
58. Margaret de Beaumont 43 94 95 (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1156 in <Hampshire>, England and died about 12 Jan 1235 about age 79.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, line 53-27 has "d. prob. on 12 Jan. 1234/5 but sh. bef. 12 Feb. 1234/5"
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Hugh de Vere, 4th Earl of Oxford
and
Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester
Margaret married Saher IV de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester 126 127 before 1173 in England. Saher was born in 1155 and died on 3 Nov 1219 in Palestine at age 64.
Noted events in his life were:
• Governor of Castle of Ruil: in Normandy, 1203.
• Created: Earl of Winchester, Bef 1210.
• Magna Charta Surety: 1215.
• Crusader: 1218-1219.
• Siege of Damietta: 1219.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 80 F i. Lorette de Quincy
+ 81 M ii. Robert de Quincy 127 128 died in 1217.
+ 82 M iii. Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester 43 129 130 131 was born about 1174 in <Winchester>, Hampshire, England, died on 25 Apr 1264 in England about age 90, and was buried in Brackley, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
+ 83 M iv. Robert II de Quincy 132 133 died in 1257 in <Palestine>.
+ 84 F v. Hawise de Quincy
59. Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester 96 (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died about 21 Oct 1204.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester :
Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester (died circa 21 October 1204 ) was an English nobleman, the last of the Beaumont earls of Leicester. He is sometimes known as Robert FitzPernel.
Robert was the son of Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester and Petronilla, who was either a granddaughter or great-granddaughter of Hugh de Grandmesnil . As a young man, he accompanied King Richard I on the Third Crusade , and it was while the crusading forces rested at Messina , Sicily that Robert was invested with the Earldom of Leicester in early 1191 .
Robert's newly-gained estates included a large part of central Normandy . He held castles at Pacy, Pont-Saint-Pierre and Grandmesnil. Earl Robert also was lord of the vast honor of Breteuil, but the family castle there had been dismantled after the 1173-1174 War . On his return from the crusade, he turned his attentions to the defense of Normandy from the French . After defending Rouen from the advances of Philip II of France , he attempted to retake his castle of Pacy. He was captured by forces of the French king and remained imprisoned for 3 years. Later, King John would bestow the new fortress and lordship of Radepont (the land of Radepont was traded to King John by the seigneur du Neubourg for lands and revenues in the pays de Caux) upon the earl.
Sometime after his release in 1196 he married Loretta, daughter of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber . They had no children, and Robert's death in 1204 brought the end of the Beaumont male line.
In the year of his death Normandy was lost to the French; Earl Robert attempted to come to an independent arrangement with King Philip of France, in which he would hold his land in Normandy as a liege-vassal of the Kings of France, and his lands in England as a liege-vassal of the Kings of England. In any event, Robert died that year, but his great English estates were divided between the heirs of his two sisters. The eldest sister, Amicia, had married the French baron Simon de Montfort , and their son, also named Simon de Montfort , inherited half the estate as well as the title of Earl of Leicester. The younger sister, Margaret, had married Saer de Quincy , and they inherited the other half. Three years later Saer was created Earl of Winchester .
Robert married Loretta de Braose.
60. Roger de Beaumont, Bishop of St Andrews (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
61. William de Beaumont (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
62. Amicia de Beaumont (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
63. Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester 97 98 (Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1160 and died on 1 Jan 1225 about age 65.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has. d. 1 Jan 1224/1225. Wikipedia has d. 1220.
Research Notes: Second daughter and co-heiress of William FitzRobert.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 63-27
Amice married Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Clare 97 134 135 about 1180. Richard was born about 1153 in Tonbridge Castle, Tonbridge, Kent, England, died on 30 Dec 1218 in Oxfordshire, England about age 65, and was buried in Clare or Tunbridge Priory.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has. d. 28 Nov 1217. Magna Charta Barons & Wikipedia have 30 Dec 1218.
Noted events in his life were:
• Magna Charta Surety: 1215.
• 4th Earl of Hertford: 1173-1218.
• x:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 85 F i. Isabel de Clare 97 was born in 1178.
+ 86 M ii. Sir Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester 136 137 138 was born about 1180 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England, died on 25 Oct 1230 in Penros, Brittany, France about age 50, and was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.
+ 87 F iii. Maud de Clare 139 was born in 1184 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England and died in 1213 at age 29.
+ 88 M iv. Richard de Clare 97 was born in 1184 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England and died on 4 Mar 1228 in London, England at age 44.
+ 89 F v. Joan de Clare 97 140 was born in 1184 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England.
64. Mabel de Beaumont 46 (Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan49, Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan30, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1168 in <Meulan, Normandy>, France and died after 1 May 1204.
Mabel married William de Reviers 46 about 1189 in France. William was born about 1128 in <Devonshire>, England, died on 10 Sep 1217 about age 89, and was buried in Christ Church, Twynham, Dorset, England.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has abt 1128 and abt 1155.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 90 F i. Mary de Reviers 46 was born about 1183 in <Okehampton>, Devonshire, England.
65. William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey50, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne36, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1174 in Surrey, England, died on 27 May 1240 in London, England about age 66, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England.
Research Notes: Second husband of Maud Marshal.
From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872177 :
5th Earl of Surrey (1202-1240); warden of the Cinque Ports (1216); named in the Magna Carta. William's estates in Normandy were confiscated in 1204, when Philip II of France (RIN # 4649) seized the duchy. He supported King John of England against the barons and in 1215 acted as one of the king's guarantors for the keeping of the Magna Carta. However, the following year he supported Prince Louis, son of Philip II of France, when he tried to wrest England from John; even so, after the King's death later that year he declared himself a loyal vassal of his infant son and successor, Henry III. His lands were restored in 1221. During the 1220's and 1230's William took an active part in politics, and in 1238 he was appointed a treasurer of royal taxes.
!Chronicles of the Age of Chivalry: 52
To compensate for the loss of his lands in Normandy, King John granted William Grantham and Stamford in Lincolnshire. In 1212, he was committed to the custody of 4 castles, Bamburgh and Newcastle-on-Tyne being two of them. In 1237, William was reprimanded by the Bishop of Lincoln for having mass at his home at Grantham, because it had not been consecrated.
William married Maud Marshal 141 142 143 on 13 Oct 1225. Maud was born about 1192 in <Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales>, was christened in Sep 1201, died on 27 Mar 1248 about age 56, and was buried in Tintern Abbey, Chapel Hill, Monmouthshire, Wales.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots also has d. Apr 1248.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 91 M i. John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey 144 145 146 147 was born in 1231 in Surrey, England, died on 27 Dec 1304 in Kennington, Middlesex, England at age 73, and was buried in Lewes, Surrey, England.
66. Maud de Warenne 102 103 (Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey50, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne36, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1162 and died before 13 Dec 1228.
Death Notes: May have died in 1212.
Maud married Henry , Count of Eu, Lord of Hastings.148 Henry died on 11 Mar 1183.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has d. 16 or 17 Mar. 1183 and d. 11 Mar. 1183
Wikipedia has d. 11 Mar 1183 or 1191.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 92 F i. Alice d'Eu Countess of Eu, Lady of Hastings 103 149 was born about 1191 and died on 15 May 1246 in La Mothe-Saint-Heray, Poitou about age 55.
67. Alice de Beaumont 106 (Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick51, Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died between 1246 and 1263.
Alice married William Mauduit, Lord of Hanslope & Hartley Mauduit, Bucks..150 William died in Apr 1257.
Noted events in his life were:
• Chamberlain of the Exchequer:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 93 F i. Isabel Mauduit 151 152 153 was born about 1214, died before 1268, and was buried in Nunnery of Cokehill, Worcestershire, England.
+ 94 M ii. William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick 153 was born about 1220 and died on 8 Jan 1267 about age 47.
68. Elena de Morville 76 107 (Avice de Lancaster52, Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1172 in <Kirkoswald, Cumberland, England>, died on 11 Jun 1217 about age 45, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
Elena married Roland , Lord of Galloway.89 154 Roland was born about 1164 in <Galloway, Perthshire, Scotland>, died on 19 Dec 1200 in Northamptonshire, England about age 36, and was buried in Abbey of Saint Andrew, Northamptonshire, England.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland: 1189-1200.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 95 M i. Alan Lord of Galloway 89 was born about 1186 in <Galloway, Wigtownshire, Scotland>, died in 1234 about age 48, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
69. William de Morville 76 (Avice de Lancaster52, Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died in 1196.
11th Generation 
70. Blanche of Castile 110 111 (Eleanor , of England53, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 4 Mar 1188 in Palencia, (Palencia, Castile-Léon), Spain and died on 26 Nov 1252 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France at age 64.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots 113-28 has d. 27 Nov. 1252
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Blanche of Castile :
Blanche of Castile (Blanca de Castilla in Spanish ; 4 March 1188 - 26 November 1252), wife of Louis VIII of France . She was born in Palencia , Spain , the third daughter of Alfonso VIII , king of Castile , and of Eleanor of England . Eleanor was a daughter of Henry II of England and his Queen consort Eleanor of Aquitaine .
Biography
In consequence of a treaty between Philip Augustus and John of England , Blanche's sister Urraca was betrothed to the former's son, Louis. Their grandmother Eleanor, upon getting acquainted with the two sisters, judged that Blanche's personality was more fit for a queen of France. In the spring of 1200 she brought her to France instead. On 22 May 1200 the treaty was finally signed, John ceding with his niece the fiefs of Issoudun and Gracay , together with those that André de Chauvigny , lord of Châteauroux, held in Berry , of the English crown. The marriage was celebrated the next day, at Portmort on the right bank of the Seine , in John's domains, as those of Philip lay under an interdict.
Blanche first displayed her great qualities in 1216, when Louis, who on the death of John claimed the English crown in her right, invaded England, only to find a united nation against him. Philip Augustus refused to help his son, and Blanche was his sole support. The queen established herself at Calais and organized two fleets, one of which was commanded by Eustace the Monk , and an army under Robert of Courtenay ; but all her resolution and energy were in vain. Although it would seem that her masterful temper exercised a sensible influence upon her husband's gentler character, her role during his reign (1223-1226) is not well known.
Upon his death he left Blanche regent and guardian of his children. Of her twelve or thirteen children, six had died, and Louis, the heir - afterwards the sainted Louis IX - was but twelve years old.
The situation was critical, for the hard-won domains of the house of Capet seemed likely to fall to pieces during a minority. Blanche had to bear the whole burden of affairs alone, to break up a league of the barons (1226), and to repel the attack of the king of England (1230). But her energy and firmness overcame all dangers.
There was an end to the calumnies circulated against her, based on the poetical homage rendered her by Count Theobald IV of Champagne , a.k.a. KingTheobald I of Navarre since 1234, and the prolonged stay in Paris of the papal legate, Romano Bonaventura , cardinal of Sant' Angelo. The nobles were awed by her warlike preparations or won over by adroit diplomacy, and their league was broken up. St Louis owed his realm to his mother, but he himself always remained somewhat under the spell of her imperious personality.
After he came of age, in 1234, aged 20, her influence upon him may still be traced. The same year, he was married, and Blanche became Queen mother . Louis IX married Marguerite of Provence, who was the eldest of four daughters of Ramon, count of Provence, and Beatrice of Savoy. In 1248 Blanche again became Queen regent, during Louis IX's absence on the crusade, a project which she had strongly opposed. In the disasters which followed she maintained peace, while draining the land of men and money to aid her son in the East. At last her strength failed her. She fell ill into a bale of hay at Melun in November 1252, and was taken to Paris , but lived only a few days. She was buried at Maubuisson .
[edit ] Issue
Blanche (1205-1206).
Agnes (b. and d. 1207).
Philippe (9 September 1209 - July 1218), married (or only betrothed) in 1217 to Agnes of Donzy.
Alphonse (b. and d. Lorrez-le-Bocage, 23 January 1213).
John (b. and d. Lorrez-le-Bocage, 23 January 1213), twin of Alphonse.
Louis IX (Poissy, 25 April 1214 - 25 August 1270, Tunis), King of France as successor to his father.
Robert (25 September 1216 - 9 February 1250, killed in battle, Manssurah, Egypt)
Philippe (2 January 1218-1220).
John Tristan (21 July 1219-1232), Count of Anjou and Maine.
Alphonse (Poissy, 11 November 1220 - 21 August 1271, Corneto), Count of Poitou and Auvergne, and by marriage, of Toulouse.
Philippe Dagobert (20 February 1222-1232).
Isabel (14 April 1225 - 23 February 1269).
Charles Etienne (21 March 1226 - 7 January 1285), Count of Anjou and Maine, by marriage Count of Provence and Folcalquier, and King of Sicily.
Blanche married Louis VIII , King of France 155 156 on 23 May 1200. Louis was born on 3 Sep 1187 and died on 8 Nov 1226 in Montpensier, Auvergne, (France) at age 39.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of France: 1223-1226.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 96 M i. Robert I "the Good" Count of Artois 157 was born in 1216 and died on 8 Feb 1250 at age 34.
71. KingHenry III of England 112 113 (King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Winchester, (Hampshire), England, died on 16 Nov 1272 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 65, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, Middlesex, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Henry III of England :
Henry III (1 October 1207 - 16 November 1272 ) was the son and successor of John "Lackland" as King of England , reigning for fifty-six years from 1216 to his death. Mediaeval English monarchs did not use numbers after their names, and his contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Ethelred the Unready . Despite his long reign, his personal accomplishments were slim and he was a political and military failure. England, however, prospered during his century and his greatest monument is Westminster , which he made the seat of his government and where he expanded the abbey as a shrine to Edward the Confessor .
He assumed the crown under the regency of the popular William Marshal , but the England he inherited had undergone several drastic changes in the reign of his father. He spent much of his reign fighting the barons over the Magna Carta [citation needed ] and the royal rights, and was eventually forced to call the first "parliament " in 1264. He was also unsuccessful on the Continent, where he endeavoured to re-establish English control over Normandy , Anjou , and Aquitaine .
Coronation
Henry III was born in 1207 at Winchester Castle . He was the son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême . After his father's death in 1216, Henry, who was nine at the time, was hastily crowned in Gloucester Cathedral ; he was the first child monarch since the Norman invasion of England in 1066. The coronation was a simple affair, attended by only a handful of noblemen and three bishops. None of his father's executors was present, and in the absence of a crown a simple golden band was placed on the young boy's head, not by the Archbishop of Canterbury (who was at this time supporting Prince Louis of France , the newly-proclaimed king of England) but rather by the Bishop of Gloucester . In 1220, a second coronation was ordered by Pope Honorius III who did not consider that the first had been carried out in accordance with church rites. This occurred on 17 May 1220 in Westminster Abbey .[1]
Under John's rule, the barons had supported an invasion by Prince Louis because they disliked the way that John had ruled the country. However, they quickly saw that the young prince was a safer option. Henry's regents immediately declared their intention to rule by Magna Carta , which they proceeded to do during Henry's minority. Magna Carta was reissued in 1217 as a sign of goodwill to the barons and the country was ruled by regents until 1227...
Death
Henry's reign ended when he died in 1272, after which he was succeeded by his son, Edward I . His body was laid, temporarily, in the tomb of Edward the Confessor while his own sarcophagus was constructed in Westminster Abbey ...
Marriage and children
Married on 14 January 1236 , Canterbury Cathedral , Canterbury , Kent , to Eleanor of Provence , with at least five children born:
Edward I (b. 17 January 1239 - d. 8 July 1307 )
Margaret (b. 29 September 1240 - d. 26 February 1275 ), married King Alexander III of Scotland
Beatrice (b. 25 June 1242 - d. 24 March 1275 ), married to John II, Duke of Brittany
Edmund (16 January 1245 - d. 5 June 1296 )
Katharine (b. 25 November 1253 - d. 3 May 1257 ), deafness was discovered at age 2. [1]
There is reason to doubt the existence of several attributed children of Henry and Eleanor.
Are known only from a 14th century addition made to a manuscript of Flores historiarum , and are nowhere contemporaneously recorded.
Another daughter, Matilda, is found only in the Hayles abbey chronicle, alongside such other fictitious children as a son named William for King John , and a bastard son named John for King Edward I . Matilda's existence is doubtful, at best. For further details, see Margaret Howell, The Children of King Henry III and Eleanor of Provence (1992).
Personal details
Noted events in his life were:
• King of England: 1216-1272.
Henry married Eleanor , of Provence 158 159 on 14 Jan 1237 in Canterbury, Kent, England. Eleanor was born about 1223 and died on 25 Jun 1291 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England about age 68.
Marriage Notes: Ancestral Roots has m. 14 Jan 1237 and m. 14 Jan 1236
Children from this marriage were:
+ 97 M i. Edmund "Crouchback" 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester 160 was born on 16 Jan 1245 in London, England, died on 5 Jun 1296 in Bayonne, France at age 51, and was buried on 15 Jul 1296 in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England.
+ 98 M ii. KingEdward I of England 161 162 was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster Palace, London, England, died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland, England at age 68, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England.
+ 99 F iii. Margaret of England 163 was born on 29 Sep 1240 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England, died on 26 Feb 1275 in Cupar Castle at age 34, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland.
+ 100 F iv. Beatrice of England 164 was born on 25 Jun 1242 in Bordeaux, France and died on 24 Mar 1275 in London, Middlesex, England at age 32.
+ 101 F v. Katharine was born in 1253 and died in 1257 at age 4.
72. Richard 1st Earl of Cornwall, King of the Romans (King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 5 Jan 1209 and died on 2 Apr 1272 at age 63.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 258-27
Source also: Wikipedia - John of England
Richard had a relationship with Joan de Valletort.
73. Joan Queen Consort of Scotland 114 (King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1210 and died in 1238 at age 28.
Research Notes: Queen Consort of Alexander II of Scotland
Source: Wikipedia - John of England
74. Isabella (King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1214 and died in 1241 at age 27.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - John of England
75. Eleanor (King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1215 and died on 13 Apr 1275 at age 60.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 260-30
Source also: Wikipedia - John of England
Eleanor married William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke on 23 Apr 1224. William died on 15 Apr 1231.
Eleanor next married Simon , de Montfort, Earl of Leicester 7 Jan 1238 or 1239. Simon was born about 1208 in Normandy, France and died on 4 Aug 1265 in Evesham, Worcestershire, England about age 57.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 102 F i. Elinor de Montfort was born about 1252 and died in 1282 about age 30.
76. Joan Princess of Gwynedd 115 116 117 (King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born before 1200 and died between 30 Mar 1236 and Feb 1237.
Research Notes: Natural daughter of John, king of England. John had another, legitimate, daughter named Joan, who was Queen Consort of Alexander II of Scotland.
-----
From Ancestral Roots, Line 29A-27:
"JOAN, (nat. dau. by unknown mistress [of John "Lackland"]), Princess of North Wales, b. well bef. 1200, d. 30 Mar. 1236 or Feb. 1237..."
-----------
Source - Wikipedia - John of England and Llywelyn the Great.
From Wikipedia - Llywelyn the Great:
"During Llywelyn's boyhood Gwynedd was ruled by two of his uncles, who had agreed to split the kingdom between them following the death of Llywelyn's grandfather, Owain Gwynedd , in 1170. Llywelyn had a strong claim to be the legitimate ruler and began a campaign to win power at an early age. He was sole ruler of Gwynedd by 1200, and made a treaty with King John of England the same year. Llywelyn's relations with John remained good for the next ten years. He married John's illegitimate daughter Joan , also known as Joanna, in 1205, and when John arrested Gwenwynwyn ab Owain of Powys in 1208 Llywelyn took the opportunity to annex southern Powys. In 1210 relations deteriorated and John invaded Gwynedd in 1211. Llywelyn was forced to seek terms and to give up all his lands east of the River Conwy, but was able to recover these lands the following year in alliance with the other Welsh princes. He allied himself with the barons who forced John to sign Magna Carta in 1215. By 1216 he was the dominant power in Wales, holding a council at Aberdyfi that year to apportion lands to the other princes...
Children
The identity of the mother of some of Llywelyn's children is uncertain. He was survived by nine children, two legitimate, one probably legitimate and six illegitimate. Elen ferch Llywelyn (c.1207-1253), his only certainly legitimate daughter, first married John de Scotia, Earl of Chester. This marriage was childless, and after John's death Elen married Sir Robert de Quincy , the brother of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester . Llywelyn's only legitimate son, Dafydd ap Llywelyn (c.1208-1246), married Isabella de Braose, daughter of William de Braose, 10th Baron Abergavenny , Lord of Abergavenny. William was the son of Reginald de Braose , who married another of Llywelyn's daughters. Dafydd and Isabella may have had one child together, Helen of Wales (1246-1295), but the marriage failed to produce a male heir.
Another daughter, Gwladus Ddu (c.1206-1251), was probably legitimate. Adam of Usk states that she was a legitimate daughter by Joan, although some sources claim that her mother was Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch.[64] She first married Reginald de Braose of Brecon and Abergavenny, but had no children by him. After Reginald's death she married Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore and had several sons.
The mother of most of Llywelyn's illegitimate children is known or assumed to have been Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch (c.1168-1198). Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (c.1196-1244) was Llywelyn's eldest son and is known to be the son of Tangwystl. He married Senena, daughter of Caradoc ap Thomas of Anglesey . Their four sons included Llywelyn ap Gruffydd , who for a period occupied a position in Wales comparable to that of his grandfather, and Dafydd ap Gruffydd who ruled Gwynedd briefly after his brother's death. Llywelyn had another son, Tegwared ap Llywelyn, by a woman known only as Crysten.
Marared ferch Llywelyn (c.1198-after 1263) married John de Braose of Gower, a nephew of Reginald de Braose, and after his death married Walter Clifford of Bronllys and Clifford. Other illegitimate daughters were Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn, who married William de Lacey, and Angharad ferch Llywelyn, who married Maelgwn Fychan. Susanna ferch Llywelyn was sent to England as a hostage in 1228, but no further details are known."
Joan married Llywelyn the Great , Prince of Gwynedd in 1205. Llywelyn was born about 1173 in <Dolwyddelan>, Wales, died on 11 Apr 1240 in Cistercian Abbey of Aberconwy, Wales about age 67, and was buried in Llanrwst Parish Church, Wales.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 29A-27 has m. 1206. Wikipedia has m. 1205.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 103 F i. Elen ferch Llywelyn Fawr 127 165 was born about 1207 and died in 1253 about age 46.
+ 104 M ii. Dafydd ap Llywelyn was born about 1208 and died in 1246 about age 38.
+ 105 F iii. Gwladys "Ddu" verch Llewellyn 166 167 was born about 1206 in Caernarvonshire, Wales and died in 1251 in Windsor, Berkshire, England about age 45.
77. William II Longspée 84 119 (William Longspée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury55, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1212 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England, died on 8 Feb 1250 in Al-Mansura, Egypt about age 38, and was buried in Acre, Palestine.
Death Notes: On the Nile
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - William II Longespée :
Sir William II Longespée (c. 1212 - 8 February, 1250) was the son of William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury , an English noble. His death became of significant importance to the English psyche, having died as a martyr due to the purported mistakes, and arrogance, of the French at the Battle of Mansurah , near Al-Mansurah in Egypt .
Longespee made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land in 1240, and again in 1247. The second time, he proceeded to Rome and made a plea to Pope Innocent IV for support:
"Sir, you see that I am signed with the cross and am on my journey with the King of France to fight in this pilgrimage. My name is great and of note, viz., William Longespee, but my estate is slender, for the King of England , my kinsman and liege lord, hath bereft me of the title of earl and of that estate, but this he did judiciously, and not in displeasure, and by the impulse of his will; therefore I do not blame him for it. Howbeit, I am necessitated to have recourse to your holiness for favour, desiring your assistance in this distress. We see here (quoth he) that Earl Richard (of Cornwall) who, though he is not signed with the cross, yet, through the especial grace of your holiness, he hath got very much money from those who are signed, and therefore, I, who am signed and in want, do intreat the like favour."[1]
Having succeeded in gaining the favour of the Pope, Longespee raised a company of 200 English horse to join with Louis IX on his crusade. To raise funds for his expedition, he sold a charter of liberties to the burgesses of the town of Poole in 1248 for 70 marks .[2] During the Seventh Crusade , Longespee commanded the English forces. He became widely known for his feats of chivalry and his subsequent martyrdom. The circumstances of his death served to fuel growing English animosity toward the French; it is reported that the French Count d'Artois lured Longespee into attacking the Mameluks before the forces of King Louis IX arrived in support. Robert d'Artois, William II Longespee and his men, along with 280 Knights Templar , were killed at this time.
It is said that his mother, Abbess Ela Longespee, had a vision of the martyr being received into heaven by angels just one day prior to his death. In 1252, the Sultan delivered Longespee's remains to a messenger who conveyed them to Acre (Akko ) for burial at the church of St. Cross. However, his effigy is found amongst family members at Salisbury Cathedral , in England.
Marriage and issue
William married Idoine de Camville, daughter of Richard de Camville & Eustacia Basset. They had two sons and two daughters:
William married Idoine de Camville 67 168 in Jun 1226. Idoine was born about 1209 in <Brattleby, Lincolnshire>, England and died on 1 Jan 1251 about age 42.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 106 F i. Ela Longspee 84 169 was born about 1226 in England and died on 22 Nov 1299 about age 73.
78. Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex 121 122 (Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford56, Margaret , of Huntingdon43, Henry , of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon26, David I "The Saint" , King of Scots13, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born by 1208, died on 24 Sep 1275 in Warwickshire, England at age 67, and was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 97-28, "2nd Earl of Hereford and after div. of his mother 1236, 7th Earl of Essex, Constable of England, sheriff of Kent."
From A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, p.136:
"In the wake of the dismemberment of the de Breos empire [after the hanging of William de Breos in 1230], the Bohun and Cantelupe families joined the ranks of the leading Marcher Lords..."
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From Wikipedia - Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford :
Humphrey de Bohun (1208 or bef. 1208 - Warwickshire , 24 September 1275 ) was 2nd Earl of Hereford and 1st Earl of Essex , as well as Constable of England . He was the son of Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford and Maud of Essex.
Career
He was one of the nine godfathers of Prince Edward , later to be Edward I of England .
After returning from a pilgrimage to the Holy Land , he was one of the writers of the Provisions of Oxford in 1258.
Marriage and children
He married c. 1236 Mahaut or Maud de Lusignan (c. 1210 - 14 August 1241 , buried at Llanthony, Gloucester ), daughter of Raoul I of Lusignan , Comte d'Eu by marriage, and second wife Alix d'Eu, 8th Comtesse d'Eu and 4th Lady of Hastings, and had issue. Their children were:
Humphrey de Bohun, predeceased his father in 1265.
Alice de Bohun , married Roger V de Toeni
Maud de Bohun , married (1) Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke ; (2) Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester
Death & burial
He died in 1275 and was buried at Llanthony Secunda , Gloucester .
Noted events in his life were:
• 7th Earl of Essex: 1236. After div. of his mother
• Constable of England:
• Sheriff of Kent:
Humphrey married Mahaut de Lusignan 122 170 about 1236. Mahaut was born about 1210, died on 14 Aug 1241 about age 31, and was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 107 M i. Humphrey VI de Bohun 171 172 died about 4 Aug 1265 in Battle of Evesham, Evesham, Worcestershire, England.
+ 108 F ii. Alice de Bohun
+ 109 F iii. Maud de Bohun
79. Henry II Duke of Brabant 125 (Mathilde , of Flanders57, Marie , of Blois, Countess of Boulogne44, Matilda , of Boulogne27, Mary , of Scotland14, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1207 and died on 1 Feb 1248 in Leuven, Brabant, Flanders, Belgium at age 41.
Research Notes: Duke of Brabant and Lothier.
From Wikipedia - Henry II, Duke of Brabant :
Henry II of Brabant (French: Henri II de Brabant, Dutch: Hendrik II van Brabant, 1207 - February 1 , 1248 in Leuven ) was Duke of Brabant and Lothier after the death of his father Henry I in 1235. His mother was Mathilde of Flanders
Henry II supported his sister Mathilde's son, William II, Count of Holland , in the latter's bid for election as German King.
Family and children
His first marriage was to Marie of Hohenstaufen (April 3 , 1201 -1235, Leuven), daughter of Philip of Swabia and Irene Angelina . They had six children:
Henry III, Duke of Brabant (d. 1261)
Philip, died young
Matilda of Brabant (1224 - September 29 , 1288 ), married:
in Compiègne June 14 , 1237 to Robert I of Artois ;
before May 31 , 1254 to Guy II of Châtillon , Count of Saint Pol .
Beatrix (1225 - November 11 , 1288 ), married:
at Kreuzburg March 10 , 1241 Heinrich Raspe Landgrave of Thuringia ;
in Leuven November 1247 to William III of Dampierre, Count of Flanders (1224 - June 6 , 1251 ).
Marie of Brabant (c. 1226 - January 18 , 1256 , Donauwörth ), married Louis II, Duke of Upper Bavaria . She was beheaded by her husband on suspicion of infidelity.
Margaret (d. March 14 , 1277 ), Abbess of Herzogenthal .
His second marriage was to Sophie of Thuringia (March 20 , 1224 - May 29 , 1275 ), daughter of Ludwig IV of Thuringia and Elisabeth of Hungary by whom he had two children:
Henry (1244-1308, created Landgrave of Hesse in 1263.
Elizabeth (1243 - October 9 , 1261 ), married in Braunschweig July 13 , 1254 to Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Henry married Marie , of Hohenstaufen 173 174 before 22 Aug 1215. Marie was born on 3 Apr 1201 in Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy and died on 29 Mar 1235 in Leuven, Brabant, Flanders, Belgium at age 33.
Death Notes: Wikipedia has d. 29 March 1235. Ancestral Roots has d. abt 1240.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 110 F i. Matilda of Brabant 175 176 was born in 1224 and died on 29 Sep 1288 at age 64.
80. Lorette de Quincy (Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
81. Robert de Quincy 127 128 (Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died in 1217.
Research Notes: Eldest son, first son named Robert. (There were two.)
From Wikipedia - Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester :
"Robert (d. 1217). Some sources say he married Hawise, sister and co-heiress of Ranulf de Blundeville, earl of Chester . However, it is more likely Hawise married Saer's brother Robert II;"
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Ancestral Roots, Line 54-28 (Robert II de Quincy), has "d.v.p. bef. 1232,... m. Hawise of Chester (125-29), b. 1180, d. 1241/3, Countess of Lincoln." The "d.v.p. bef. 1232 makes this one appear to be the first Robert.
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From Magna Charta Barons, pp. 121-122 (this could be in error):
Robert de Quincey, who d. in the Holy Land, having issue by his wife Hawyse, daughter of Hugh de Keveliock (or Bohun), Powys, Wales, fifth Earl Palatine of Chester, d. 1181, and his wife Bertred, daughter of Simon, Earl of Evereux, in Normandy, an only daughter, Margaret, wife of John de Lacie, Earl of Lincoln, one of the celebrated twenty-five Magna Charta Sureties.
82. Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester 43 129 130 131 (Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1174 in <Winchester>, Hampshire, England, died on 25 Apr 1264 in England about age 90, and was buried in Brackley, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester :
Roger , who succeeded his father as earl of Winchester (though he did not take formal possession of the earldom until after his mother's death);
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From Magna Charta Barons, p. 122:
Roger de Quincey, second son, who had livery of his father's lands, although his elder brother [Robert] was alive in the Holy Land, and succeeded to the earldom of Winchester, and in right of his first wife, daughter of Alan, lord of Galloway, became lord high constable of Scotland. By this lady he had only three daughters,--Margaret, wife of William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby; Elizabeth, wife of Alexander Comyn, Scotch Earl of Buchan; and Ela, wife of Alan, Baron le Zouche, of Ashby. Earl Roger m. secondly, Maud, daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, and widow of Anselme le Mareschall, Earl of Pembroke, and m. thirdly, Alianore, daughter of William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, and widow of William, Baron de Vaux, who survived him, and m. Roger de Leybourne. Dugdale states that Earl Roger had a fourth daughter, but by which wife it is unknown, named Isabella, with whom a contract of marriage was made by John, son of Hugh de Nevill, for his son Hugh. His lordship d. 1264, when the earldom became extinct, and his great landed possessions devolved upon his daughters, as coheiresses.
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From Wikipedia - Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester :
Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester (1195? - 25 April 1265 ) was a medieval nobleman who was prominent on both sides of the Anglo-Scottish border , as Earl of Winchester and Constable of Scotland .
He was the second son of Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester , and Margaret de Beaumont .
He probably joined his father on the Fifth Crusade in 1219, where the elder de Quincy fell sick and died. His elder brother having died a few years earlier, Roger thus inherited his father's titles and properties. However, he did not take possession of his father's lands until February 1221, probably because he did not return to England from the crusade until then. He did not formally become earl until after the death of his mother in 1235.
Roger married Helen , eldest daughter and co-heiress of Alan, Lord of Galloway . Without legitimate sons to succeed him, Alan's lands and dignities were divided between the husbands of his three daughters, so Roger acquired Alan's position as Constable of Scotland , and one-third of the lordship of Galloway (although the actual title of Lord of Galloway went through Helen's half-sister Devorguilla to her husband John I de Balliol ).
The Galwegians rebelled under Gille Ruadh , not wanting their land divided, but the rebellion was suppressed by Alexander II of Scotland . Roger ruled his portion of Galloway strictly, and the Galwegians revolted again in 1247, forcing Roger to take refuge in a castle. Faced with a siege and little chance of relief, Roger and a few men fought their way out and rode off to seek help from Alexander, who raised forces to again suppress the rebellion.
In the following years Roger was one of the leaders of the baronial opposition to Henry III of England , although he fought for Henry against the Welsh in the 1250s and 1260s.
Following Helen's death in 1245, Roger married Maud de Bohun, daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford , around 1250. Maud died only two years later, and Roger married his third wife, Eleanor Ferrers, daughter of William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby the same year.
Roger had three daughters by his first wife, but no sons. His subsequent marriages produced no issue. After his death his estates were divided between the daughters, and the earldom of Winchester lapsed. The three daughters of Roger and Helen of Galloway were:
Helen (also known as Ela or Elena), who married Alan Baron Zouche of Ashby;
Elizabeth (also known as Isabella), who married Alexander Comyn, 2nd Earl of Buchan ;
Margaret, who married William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby (and was thus stepmother to her own stepmother).
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland:
Roger married Helen , of Galloway.89 177 Helen was born about 1208 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died on 21 Nov 1245 in England about age 37.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 111 F i. Margaret de Quincy 43 178 179 was born in 1218 in <Winchester>, Hampshire, England and died on 12 Mar 1280 at age 62.
+ 112 F ii. Elizabeth de Quincey
+ 113 F iii. Helen de Quincy, of Brackley 180 181 was born about 1222 in <Winchester, Hampshire>, England and died Sh. Bef. 20 Aug 1296 in England about age 74.
83. Robert II de Quincy 132 133 (Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died in 1257 in <Palestine>.
Research Notes: Second son named Robert.
From Wikipedia - Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester :
Robert de Quincy (second son of that name; d. 1257) who married Helen , daughter of the Welsh prince Llywelyn the Great ;
"Robert (d. 1217). Some sources say he married Hawise, sister and co-heiress of Ranulf de Blundeville, earl of Chester . However, it is more likely Hawise married Saer's brother Robert II;"
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Ancestral Roots, Line 54-28 (Robert II de Quincy), has "d.v.p. bef. 1232,... m. Hawise of Chester (125-29), b. 1180, d. 1241/3, Countess of Lincoln." The "d.v.p. bef. 1232 makes him appear to be the first Robert.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader:
Robert married Elen ferch Llywelyn Fawr 127 165 after 1237. Elen was born about 1207 and died in 1253 about age 46.
Robert next married Hawise , of Chester, Countess of Lincoln.182 183 Hawise was born in 1180 and died between 1241 and 1243.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 114 F i. Margaret de Quincy 133 184 was born about 1209 and died in Mar 1266 in Hempstead Marshall, England about age 57.
84. Hawise de Quincy (Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
Hawise married Hugh de Vere, 4th Earl of Oxford.185 186 187 Hugh was born about 1210 in Oxfordshire, England and died before 23 Dec 1263.
Noted events in his life were:
• Hereditary Master Chamberlain of England:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 115 M i. Robert III de Vere, 5th Earl of Oxford 188 189 was born in 1240 in Oxfordshire, England and died on 2 Sep 1296 at age 56.
85. Isabel de Clare 97 (Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1178.
86. Sir Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester 136 137 138 (Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1180 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England, died on 25 Oct 1230 in Penros, Brittany, France about age 50, and was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.
Research Notes: 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester.
From Wikipedia - Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford :
Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford (1180 - October 25 , 1230 ) was the son of Richard de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford , from whom he inherited the Clare estates, from his mother, Amice Fitz William, the estates of Gloucester and the honour of St. Hilary, and from Rohese, an ancestor, the moiety of the Giffard estates. In June 1202, he was entrusted with the lands of Harfleur and Montrevillers .
In 1215 Gilbert and his father were two of the barons made Magna Carta sureties and championed Louis "le Dauphin" of France in the First Barons' War , fighting at Lincoln under the baronial banner. He was taken prisoner in 1217 by William Marshal , whose daughter Isabel he later married.
In 1223 he accompanied his brother-in-law, Earl Marshal , in an expedition into Wales. In 1225 he was present at the confirmation of the Magna Carta by Henry III . In 1228 he led an army against the Welsh, capturing Morgan Gam , who was released the next year. He then joined in an expedition to Brittany , but died on his way back to Penrose in that duchy. His body was conveyed home by way of Plymouth and Cranborne to Tewkesbury . His widow Isabel later married Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cornwall & King of the Romans . His own arms were: Or, three chevronels gules.
Hertford had six children by his wife Isabel , née Marshal:[1]
Noted events in his life were:
• Magna Charta Surety: 1215.
• 5th Earl of Hertford: 1217-1230.
• Earl of Gloucester: 1217-1230.
Gilbert married Isabel Marshal 190 191 on 9 Oct 1217. Isabel died on 17 Jan 1240 in Berkhampstead, England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 116 M i. Sir Richard de Clare, 8th Earl of Clare 137 192 193 was born on 4 Aug 1222, died on 15 Jul 1262 in Asbenfield, Waltham near Canterbury, England at age 39, and was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.
+ 117 F ii. Agnes de Clare 138 was born in 1218.
+ 118 F iii. Amice de Clare 138 was born in 1220 and died in 1287 at age 67.
+ 119 F iv. Isabel de Clare 138 was born on 2 Nov 1226 and died on 10 Jul 1264 at age 37.
+ 120 M v. William de Clare 138 was born in 1228 and died in 1258 at age 30.
87. Maud de Clare 139 (Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1184 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England and died in 1213 at age 29.
88. Richard de Clare 97 (Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1184 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England and died on 4 Mar 1228 in London, England at age 44.
89. Joan de Clare 97 140 (Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1184 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England.
Joan married Rhys Gwyg ap Rhys, Lord of Yestradtywy.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 121 M i. Rhys-Mechyllt of Llandovery Castle
90. Mary de Reviers 46 (Mabel de Beaumont64, Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan49, Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan30, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1183 in <Okehampton>, Devonshire, England.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has both abt. 1196 and abt. 1183. Both say Devonshire.
Mary married Robert de Courtenay 46 in 1213. Robert was born in 1170 in <Okehampton, Devonshire>, England, died on 26 Jul 1242 in Iwerne, Dorset, England at age 72, and was buried on 28 Jul 1242 in Ford Abbey, Devonshire, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 122 M i. John de Courtenay 46 was born on 26 Jul 1224 in Okehampton, Devonshire, England, died on 3 May 1274 at age 49, and was buried on 5 May 1274 in Ford Abbey, Devonshire, England.
91. John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey 144 145 146 147 (William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey65, Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey50, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne36, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1231 in Surrey, England, died on 27 Dec 1304 in Kennington, Middlesex, England at age 73, and was buried in Lewes, Surrey, England.
Research Notes: From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872173 :
Name Suffix: Earl of Surrey
REFN: 1019
6th Earl of Surrey (1240-1304); styled Earl of Sussex (1282); warden of Scotland (1296-1297). A ward of Henry III of England after his father's death in 1240, John supported the King against his rebellious barons in 1258. He aided the barons from about 1260 to 1263, but rejoined Henry and fought for him at Lewes in 1264 (see RIN # 669). The King was captured during the battle and John fled to France. He returned to England with the future Edward I in 1265, and freed Henry at the battle of Evesham (see RIN # 3867). In 1282 he assumed the title of Earl of Sussex but his claim was uncertain. He joined Edward I's invasion of Scotland in 1296, took Dunbar castle in April that year and became warden of Scotland in August. On 11 September 1297 his troops were routed by William Wallace at Stirling Bridge, but the following year he helped Edward defeat Wallace at Falkirk.
!Chronciles of the Age of Chivalry: 142, 144
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From http://www.wrexham.gov.uk/english/heritage/holt_castle.htm (Holt Castle) :
Following the defeat of Llywelyn ap Gruffydd, the last independent Prince of Wales in 1282, Edward I gave John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey, the lordship of Bromfield and Yale. To secure his newly gained lands, John built Holt Castle, also known as Lion's Castle, to control a nearby strategic ford across the River Dee. John de Warenne's successor, also John, was leader of the English forces in Scotland. In 1296 he defeated the Red Comyn and the Scottish forces at the Battle of Dunbar and deposed the Scottish King John Balliol. Edward I made de Warenne Regent of Scotland. It was a job that only brought him trouble. William Wallace led a revolt and defeated de Warenne and the English at the Battle of Stirling Bridge on September 11th 1296. De Warenne was forced to flee the field of battle and make his excuses to Edward I "Longshanks".
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From History of the Princes, the Lords Marcher, and the Ancient Nobility of Powys Fadog, 1881, Vol. I, p. 389:
"John, Earl of Warren and Surrey, acquired the lordships of Maelor Gymraeg (Bromfield), Chirk, and Iâl, by assassinating the two infant Princes of Powys, Madog and Llywelyn, in 1281."
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Bromfield (Wrexham): 7 Oct 1282. Granted by Edward I after the defeat of Llywelyn ap Gruffydd. Bromfield was also known as Maelor Gymraeg at that time.
• Lord of Yale: 1282. Yale was also known as Iâl at that time.
• Granted: Castle of Dinas Bran, 7 Oct 1282. by Edward I.
• Constructed: Castle Leonis (Holt Castle), Betw 1282 and 1304, Villa Leonis (Holt), (Wrexham), Wales. in conjunction with Edward I. It is possible, however, that construction began after this John's death.
John married someone in Aug 1247.
John married Alice de Lusignan 194 in Aug 1247. Alice died on 9 Feb 1256.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 123 F i. Eleanor de Warenne was born in 1251.
+ 124 M ii. Sir William de Warenne, Earl of Surrey 195 196 was born in Feb 1256 in Surrey, England and died on 15 Dec 1286 in Croyden, Middlesex, England at age 30.
+ 125 M iii. John de Warenne
92. Alice d'Eu Countess of Eu, Lady of Hastings 103 149 (Maud de Warenne66, Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey50, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne36, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1191 and died on 15 May 1246 in La Mothe-Saint-Heray, Poitou about age 55.
Alice married Raoul I de Lusignan 197 198 in Sep 1213. Raoul was born between 1160 and 1165 in <Lusignan> and died on 1 May 1219 in Melle.
Noted events in his life were:
• Comte d'Eu: by marriage
The child from this marriage was:
+ 126 F i. Mahaut de Lusignan 122 170 was born about 1210, died on 14 Aug 1241 about age 31, and was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.
93. Isabel Mauduit 151 152 153 (Alice de Beaumont67, Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick51, Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1214, died before 1268, and was buried in Nunnery of Cokehill, Worcestershire, England.
Research Notes: From William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick :
His father was William de Beauchamp of Elmley Castle , his mother, Isabel Mauduit, sister and heiress of William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick .
-----
From William Maudit, 8th Earl of Warwick :
He was the son of Alice de Beaumont (daughter of the 4th Earl) and William de Maudit, and so was the grandson of Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick . His father was the lord of Hanslape and hereditary chamberlain of the exchequer, a title that went back to another William Maudit who held that office for Henry I .
He died without issue and the estates then passed to his sister Isabel de Maudit who had married William de Beauchamp. She died shortly after Warwick's death and the title passed to their son William .
Isabel married William de Beauchamp, 5th Baron Beauchamp.152 199 200 William was born about 1210 and died in 1269 about age 59.
Noted events in his life were:
• 5th Baron Beauchamp:
• Will: 7 Jan 1269.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 127 M i. William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick 152 201 was born about 1237 in Elmley Castle, Worcestershire, England, died on 9 Jun 1298 in Elmley Castle, Worcestershire, England about age 61, and was buried in Grey Friars, Worcestershire, England.
94. William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick 153 (Alice de Beaumont67, Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick51, Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1220 and died on 8 Jan 1267 about age 47.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - William Maudit, 8th Earl of Warwick :
William Maudit (or Mauduit), 8th Earl of Warwick (abt 1220 - 8 January 1267 ), was an English nobleman and participant in the Barons' War .
He was the son of Alice de Beaumont (daughter of the 4th Earl) and William de Maudit, and so was the grandson of Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick . His father was the lord of Hanslape and hereditary chamberlain of the exchequer, a title that went back to another William Maudit who held that office for Henry I .
He adhered to Henry III in the wars with the barons . He was surprised in his own castle, Warwick Castle by John Giffard , the governor of Kenilworth Castle . The walls of the castle were destroyed and the countess taken prisoner to Kenilworth, and only released on payment of a ransom nineteen hundred marks.
William Mauduit made the castle in the corner of Portchester Castle (Portus Adurni) for an unknown reason. This was made in 1090 and is a Norman Castle and had palisades on each side of the castle.
He died without issue and the estates then passed to his sister Isabel de Maudit who had married William de Beauchamp. She died shortly after Warwick's death and the title passed to their son William .
95. Alan Lord of Galloway 89 (Elena de Morville68, Avice de Lancaster52, Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1186 in <Galloway, Wigtownshire, Scotland>, died in 1234 about age 48, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
Research Notes: Per Ancestral Roots, "A descendant of the English and Scottish Kings."
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland: 1215-1234.
• Named: in the Magna Charta.
Alan married Helen de L'Isle 202 203 about 1205 in Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland. Helen was born about 1174 in <Galloway, Wigtownshire, Scotland> and died about 1212 about age 38.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 128 F i. Helen of Galloway 89 177 was born about 1208 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died on 21 Nov 1245 in England about age 37.
Alan next married Margaret , of Huntingdon 57 in 1209. Margaret died in 1201.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 43)
Alan next married < >.204
12th Generation 96. Robert I "the Good" Count of Artois 157 (Blanche , of Castile70, Eleanor , of England53, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1216 and died on 8 Feb 1250 at age 34.
Research Notes: First husband of Matilda of Brabant.
Wikipedia (Robert I of Artois):
Robert I "the Good" (1216 - February 8 , 1250 ) was Count of Artois . He was the third (and second surviving) son of King Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile .
On June 14 , 1237 , Robert married Matilda of Brabant, daughter of Henry II, Duke of Brabant , and they had two children:
Blanche of Artois (1248 -1302 )
Robert II of Artois (1250 -1302), Count of Artois
He was killed in Egypt during the Seventh Crusade of his brother Louis IX of France , while leading a reckless attack on Al Mansurah . He and the Templars accompanying the expedition charged into the town and became trapped in the narrow streets. According to Jean de Joinville , he defended himself for some time in a house there, but was at last overpowered and killed.
Robert married Matilda , of Brabant 175 176 on 14 Jun 1237. Matilda was born in 1224 and died on 29 Sep 1288 at age 64.
Birth Notes: Wikipedia (Marie of Hohenstaufen) has b. 1224. Ancestral Roots has b. 1196.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 129 F i. Blanche of Artois 205 was born between 1245 and 1250 and died on 2 May 1302 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France.
+ 130 M ii. Robert II of Artois, Count of Artois
97. Edmund "Crouchback" 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester 160 (King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 16 Jan 1245 in London, England, died on 5 Jun 1296 in Bayonne, France at age 51, and was buried on 15 Jul 1296 in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 17-28
Wikipedia:
"...soon after the forfeiture of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester in 1265, Edmund received the Earldom of Leicester and of Lancaster and also the honour of the Stewardship of England and the lands of Nicolas de Segrave.
"In 1271 he accompanied his elder brother Edward [I Longshanks] on the Ninth Crusade to Palestine. It was because of this he received the nickname Crouchback (or cross back) indicating that he was entitled to wear a cross on his back."
Much more info in Wikipedia & other sources.
Noted events in his life were:
• Created: Earl of Leicester, 1265.
• Created: Earl of Lancaster, 1267.
Edmund married Blanche , of Artois 205 on 29 Oct 1276 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France. Blanche was born between 1245 and 1250 and died on 2 May 1302 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France.
Marriage Notes: Wikipedia has m. 3 Feb 1276.
Ancestral Roots, line 17-28, has m. bet. 18 Dec. 1275 and 19 Jan 1275/1276
Children from this marriage were:
+ 131 M i. Henry 3rd Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester 206 207 was born about 1281 in Grosmont Castle, Monmouthshire, England, died on 25 Mar 1345 in Canons Monastery, England about age 64, and was buried in Newark Abbey, Leicestershire, England.
+ 132 M ii. Thomas Plantagenet, 2nd Earl of Lancaster was born in 1278.
+ 133 M iii. John Plantagenet, Lord of Beaufort was born before 1286.
+ 134 F iv. Mary Plantagenet
98. KingEdward I of England 161 162 (King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster Palace, London, England, died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland, England at age 68, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Edward I of England :
Edward I (17 June 1239 - 7 July 1307 ), popularly known as Longshanks[1], also as "Edward the Lawgiver" or "the English Justinian" because of his legal reforms, and as "Hammer of the Scots",[2] achieved fame as the monarch who conquered Wales and tried (but failed) to do the same to Scotland . He reigned from 1272 to 1307, ascending the throne of England on 20 November 1272 after the death of his father, King Henry III . His mother was queen consort Eleanor of Provence .
As regnal post-nominal numbers were a Norman (as opposed to English) custom, Edward Longshanks is known as Edward I, even though he is the fourth King Edward, following Edward the Elder , Edward the Martyr , and Edward the Confessor ....
Childhood and marriage to Eleanor
Edward was born at the Palace of Westminster on the evening of 17 June 1239 .[3] He was an older brother of Beatrice of England , Margaret of England and Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster . He was named after Edward the Confessor . [4] From 1239 to 1246 Edward was in the care of Hugh Giffard (the son of Godfrey Giffard ) and his wife, Sybil, who had been one of the midwives at Edward's birth. On Giffard's death in 1246, Bartholomew Pecche took over. Early grants of land to Edward included Gascony , but Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester had been appointed by Henry to seven years as royal lieutenant in Gascony in 1248, a year before the grant to Edward, so in practice Edward derived neither authority nor revenue from the province.
Edward's first marriage (age 15) was arranged in 1254 by his father and Alfonso X of Castile . Alfonso had insisted that Edward receive grants of land worth 15,000 marks a year and also asked to knight him; Henry had already planned a knighthood ceremony for Edward but conceded. Edward crossed the Channel in June, and was knighted by Alfonso and married to Eleanor of Castile (age 13) on 1 November 1254 in the monastery of Las Huelgas .
Eleanor and Edward would go on to have sixteen children, and her death in 1290 affected Edward deeply. He displayed his grief by erecting the Eleanor crosses , one at each place where her funeral cortège stopped for the night. His second marriage, (age 60) at Canterbury on September 10 , 1299 , to Marguerite of France , (age 17) (known as the "Pearl of France" by her English subjects), the daughter of King Philip III of France (Phillip the Bold) and Maria of Brabant , produced three children...
Welsh Wars
Edward I depicted in Cassell's History of England (1902 )
One of King Edward's early moves was the conquest of Wales . Under the 1267 Treaty of Montgomery , Llywelyn ap Gruffydd had extended Welsh territories southwards into what had been the lands of the English Marcher Lords , and gained the title of Prince of Wales although he still owed homage to the English monarch as overlord. King Edward refused to recognize this Treaty - which had been concluded by his father - and in 1275, pirates in King Edward's pay intercepted a ship carrying Eleanor de Montfort , Simon de Montfort's only daughter, from France to Wales , where she expected to marry Llywelyn. Edward then imprisoned her at Windsor . After Llywelyn repeatedly refused to pay homage to Edward in 1274-1275, Edward raised an army and launched his first campaign against the Welsh prince in 1276-1277. After this campaign, Llywelyn was forced to pay homage to Edward and was stripped of all but a rump of territory in Gwynedd . But Edward allowed Llywelyn to retain the title of Prince of Wales , and the marriage with Eleanor de Montfort went ahead.
Llywelyn's younger brother, Dafydd (who had briefly been an ally of the English) started another rebellion in 1282. But Edward quickly destroyed the remnants of resistance, capturing, brutally torturing, and executing Dafydd in the following year. To consolidate his conquest, he commenced the construction of a string of massive stone castles encircling the principality, of which Caernarfon Castle provides a notable surviving example.
Wales became incorporated into England under the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284, and in 1301, Edward dubbed his eldest son Edward first Prince of Wales , since which time the eldest son of most English monarchs have borne the same title, the only exception being Edward III .
Scottish Wars
Hommage of Edward I (kneeling), to the Philippe le Bel (seated). As Duke of Aquitaine , Edward was a vassal to the French king.
Edward then turned his attentions to Scotland. He had planned to marry off his son and heir Edward , to the heiress Margaret, the Maid of Norway , but when Margaret died with no clear successor, the Scottish Guardians invited Edward's arbitration, to prevent the country from descending into dynastic war. Before the process got underway Edward insisted that he be recognized as Lord Paramount of Scotland, the feudal superior of the realm and, after some initial resistance, this precondition was finally accepted.
Edward presided over a feudal court held at the castle of Berwick-upon-Tweed in November 1292, where judgment was given in favour of John Balliol over other candidates . Balliol was chosen as the candidate with the strongest claim in feudal law, but Edward subsequently used the concessions he had gained to undermine the authority of the new king even summoning Balliol to do homage to him in Westminster in 1293. Edward also made it clear he expected John's military and financial support against France. This was too much for Balliol, who concluded a pact with France and prepared an army to invade England.
In response Edward gathered his largest army yet (25,000) and razed Berwick , massacring almost the whole population of 11,000 inhabitants. During the Scottish campaign, he made extensive use of a large trebuchet called the Warwolf .
After Berwick, he proceeded to Dunbar and Edinburgh , also removing the Stone of Destiny from Perth to Westminster Abbey. Balliol renounced the crown and was imprisoned in the Tower of London for three years before withdrawing to his estates in France. All freeholders in Scotland were required to swear an oath of homage to Edward, and he ruled Scotland like a province through English viceroys .
Opposition sprang up (see Wars of Scottish Independence ), and Edward executed the focus of discontent, William Wallace , on 23 August 1305 , having earlier defeated him at the Battle of Falkirk (1298) .
Edward was known to be fond of falconry and horse riding . The names of his horses have survived: Lyard, his war horse; Ferrault his hunting horse; and his favourite, Bayard. At the Siege of Berwick, Edward is said to have led the assault personally, using Bayard to leap over the earthen defences of the city.
Later career and death
Edward's later life was fraught with difficulty, as he lost his beloved first wife Eleanor and his heir failed to develop the expected kingly character.
Edward's plan to conquer Scotland never came to fruition during his lifetime, however, as he died in 1307 at Burgh-by-Sands , Cumberland on the Scottish border, while on his way to wage another campaign against the Scots under the leadership of Robert the Bruce . According to chroniclers, Edward desired to have his bones carried on Scottish military campaigns, and that his heart be taken to the Holy Land. Against his wishes, Edward was buried in Westminster Abbey in a plain black marble tomb, which in later years was painted with the words Scottorum malleus, Latin for Hammer of the Scots.[7] He was buried in a lead casket wishing to be moved to the usual regal gold casket only when Scotland was fully conquered and part of the Kingdom of England.
On 2 January 1774 , the Society of Antiquaries opened the coffin and discovered that his body had been perfectly preserved for 467 years. His body was measured to be 6 feet 2 inches (188 cm).[8]
To this day he still lies in the lead casket - although the thrones of Scotland and England were united in 1603 following the death of Elizabeth I and the accession of James VI of Scotland to the English throne, and the Kingdom of Great Britain was created in 1707 by the Acts of Union 1707 , uniting Scotland and England in an incorporating union, the conquest Edward envisaged was never completed. His son, King Edward II of England , succeeded him...
Issue
Children of Edward and Eleanor:
Eleanor , born ca. 17 June 1264 (or possibly as late as 1269, although the issue rolls of 1302 describe her as Edward's eldest daughter) and died 12 October 1298 . She was long betrothed to Alfonso III of Aragon , who died in 1291 before the marriage could take place, and on 20 September 1293 she married Count Henry III of Bar .
Joan, born Summer 1265, either in Paris, or perhaps at Abbeville, Ponthieu. She died in France but was buried at Westminster Abbey before September 7 , 1265 .
John, born at either Windsor or Kenilworth Castle June or July 10 , 1266 , died August 1 or 1271 at Wallingford , in the custody of his granduncle, Richard, Earl of Cornwall . Buried at Westminster Abbey .
Henry , born on July 13 1267/8 at Windsor Castle, died October 14 , 1274 either at Merton, Surrey, or at Guildford Castle.
Alice, born at Woodstock Palace, Oxon, but the date of her birth is unknown. May have died at the age of twelve. Sometimes identified with the child, Isabella, born in March 1279 , but this cannot be correct, as that infant's funeral took place during the same year.
Juliana (also known as Katherine) born at Acre, Palestine, in 1271, and died there on 28 May or 5 September 1271
Joan of Acre . Born at Acre in Spring 1272 and died at her manor of Clare, Suffolk on April 23 , 1307 and was buried in the priory church of the Austin friars, Clare, Suffolk. She married (1) Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford , (2) Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer .
Alphonso, Earl of Chester , born either at Bayonne, at Bordeaux, Gascony or at Maine 24 November 1273 , died 14 or 19 August 1284 , at Windsor Castle, buried in Westminster Abbey .
Margaret , born September 11 , 1275 at Windsor Castle and died in 1318, being buried in the Collegiate Church of St. Gudule, Brussels. She married John II of Brabant .
Berengaria (also known as Berenice), born 1 May 1276 at Kempton Palace, Surrey and died on June 27 , 1278 , buried in Westminster Abbey .
Mary, born 11 March or 22 April 1278 at Windsor Castle and died 8 July 1332 , a nun in Amesbury , Wiltshire , England.
Isabella, born on 12 March 1279 , either at Woodstock Palace, Oxon, at Windsor Castle or at Marlbourgh Castle Wiltshire, she died in 1279, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Elizabeth of Rhuddlan , born August 1282 at Rhuddlan Castle, Flintshire, Wales, died c.5 May 1316 at Quendon, Essex, in childbirth, and was buried in Walden Abbey, Essex. She married (1) John I, Count of Holland , (2) Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex .
Edward II of England , also known as Edward of Caernarvon , born 25 April 1284 at Caernarvon Castle, Wales, murdered 21 September 1327 at Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, buried in Gloucester Cathedral. He married Isabella of France .
Beatrice born after 12 August 1286 either in Gascony or in Aquitaine. She died young.
Blanche born in 1289/90 and died young.
Children of Edward and Marguerite:
Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk born 1 June 1300 at Brotherton, Yorkshire, died between the 4 August and 20 September 1338, was buried in the abbey of Bury-St.-Edmunds, married (1) Alice Hayles, with issue; (2) Mary Brewes, with issue.
Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent , 5 August 1301 at Woodstock Palace, Oxon, married Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell with issue. Executed by Isabella of France and Roger Mortimer on the 19 March 1330 following the overthrow of Edward II.
Eleanor, born 4 May 1306 at Winchester, died in 1311 at Amesbury Abbey, Wiltshire, buried in Beaulieu Abbey, Hants.
References
Noted events in his life were:
• King of England: 1272-1307.
Edward married Eleanor , of Castile, Countess of Ponthieu 208 209 on 18 Oct 1254 in Monastery of Las Huelgas. Eleanor was born in 1241 in Castile, Spain, died on 28 Nov 1290 in Harby, Nottinghamshire, England at age 49, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England.
Marriage Notes: Wikipedia has m. 1 Nov 1254. Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-27 has m. 18 Oct 1254.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 135 F i. Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, Princess of England 210 211 212 was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Rhuddlan, Denbighshire, Wales, died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Essex, England at age 33, and was buried in Waltham Abbey, Essex, England.
+ 136 F ii. Eleanor of England was born on 18 Jun 1269, died on 29 Aug 1298 at age 29, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England.
+ 137 F iii. Joan of Acre 213 214 was born in 1272 in Acre, Syria and died on 23 Apr 1307 at age 35.
+ 138 F iv. Margaret Plantagenet was born on 15 Mar 1275 and died in 1318 at age 43.
+ 139 M v. KingEdward II of England 215 216 was born on 25 Apr 1284 in Caernarfon Castle, Caernarfonshire, Gwynedd, Wales, died on 21 Sep 1327 in <Berkeley Castle, > near Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England at age 43, and was buried in Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.
Edward next married Marguerite , of France 217 on 8 Sep 1299 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. Marguerite was born about 1275 and died from 14 Feb 1317 to 1318 in Marlborough Castle, Marlborough, Wiltshire, England about age 42.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 140 M i. Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk was born on 1 Jun 1300 and died in 1338 at age 38.
99. Margaret of England 163 (King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 29 Sep 1240 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England, died on 26 Feb 1275 in Cupar Castle at age 34, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Margaret of England :
Margaret of England (29 September 1240 - 26 February 1275) was a medieval English princess who became Queen of Scots . A daughter of the Plantagenet king Henry III of England and his queen, Eleanor of Provence , she was Queen consort to Alexander III "the Glorious" , King of the Scots .
She was the second child of Henry III of England and his wife, Eleanor of Provence , and was born at Windsor Castle .
Margaret was married on 26 December 1251, at York Minster , to King Alexander III of Scotland , with whom she had three children:
Children
Death & Burial
She died 26 February 1275, at Cupar Castle, and was buried at Dunfermline Abbey , Fife .
100. Beatrice of England 164 (King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 25 Jun 1242 in Bordeaux, France and died on 24 Mar 1275 in London, Middlesex, England at age 32.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Beatrice of England :
"Beatrice of England", also known as "Beatrice de Dreux" (born 25 June 1242-1275) Born in Bordeaux, France. She was the second daughter of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence , and sister of Edward I of England , Margaret, Queen of Scotland , Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster , Richard of England, John of England, Katherine of England, William of England, and Henry of England. She and her family were members of the Royal house of Plantagenet , which first ruled in the 12th century and was founded by Henry II of England .
Tragedy plagued Beatrice's childhood. Her oldest brother Edward became deathly ill when she was very young. Though he recovered, Beatrice's younger siblings Richard, Henry, William, Katharine, and John died at very young ages, leaving Beatrice's parents grief-stricken. Eleanor was especially upset about the death of her youngest daughter Katharine, who possibly had a degenerative disease that had caused her to become deaf and eventually die at the age of three.
Beatrice's childhood was also marred by the stresses of her father's reign. The English were unhappy with King Henry III owing to the influence that Eleanor and her Savoyard kinsmen exercised on the monarchy, and the Barons demanded more power. In 1263, Eleanor was sailing on a barge that was attacked by London citizens. This harsh, bitter, dislike created several problems for Henry III and his family. On the other hand, Eleanor and Henry enjoyed a happy marriage, and Beatrice grew up in a loving environment, close to her siblings.
Adult life
At one point, Henry conducted negotiations for Beatrice to marry the king of France and also rejected a proposal that she should wed the son of the King of Norway. When she was eighteen she married John II, Duke of Brittany . Beatrice later changed her name to Beatrice de Dreux, and she and John II had seven children:
Arthur II, Duke of Brittany
John de Bretagne, 1st Earl of Richmond
Marie de Dreux , wife of Guy III of Châtillon (1268-1339)
Pierre, Viscount de Leon (1269-1312)
Blanche de Dreux , wife of Philip of Artois (1271-1327)
Eleonore, Abbess of Fontevrault (1274-1329)
Death
Beatrice died on 24 March 1275 in London , England . Her death was once said to have occurred in childbirth, but the dates do not bear out this theory, which has been disproved in several articles. John II honored his wife with a chantry , an institutional chapel on private land or within a greater church, which was to be finished when he died, so that he and Beatrice would be together again. Beatrice was buried at Grey Friars Church in Greenwich , London.
101. Katharine (King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1253 and died in 1257 at age 4.
102. Elinor de Montfort (Eleanor75, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1252 and died in 1282 about age 30.
Research Notes: Source: Welsh Settlement of Pennsylvania by Charles H. Browning, Philadelphia, 1912.
Source: Collections Historical & Archaeological Relating to Montgomeryshire, and its Borders, Vol. XIII, Issued by the Powys-Land Club for the Use of Its Members, London, 1880, p. 122 has "Eleanor, dau. to Simon Mountford, Earl of Leicester."
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, line 260-31, has "b. abt. Michaelmas 1252, d. 1282; m. 13 Oct. 1278, Llywelyn ap Gruffydd, son of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, d. 1 Mar. 1244, the son of LLYWELYN AP IORWERTH (176B-27), by Senena, perh. of Man."
Elinor married Llywelyn II , Prince of North Wales on 13 Oct 1278 in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England. Llywelyn was born about 29 Sep 1252 and died on 11 Dec 1282 in Brecon, (Breconshire), Powys, (Wales) about age 30.
Marriage Notes: From: A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, p. 153: "[By] 1280, Edward [I] was firmly in control of his Welsh territories, which were far more extensive than those of any previous occupant of the throne of England. Llywelyn's behaviour toward the king was punctiliously correct; he made homage to Edward in December 1277; he married Elinor in the king's presence at Worcester Cathedral in October 1278; he propmptly paid the sums due from him under the Treaty of Aberconwy and in his letters he fully acknowledged Edward's suzerainty."
Noted events in their marriage were:
• Marriage by Proxy: to Llywelyn II, 1275. From: A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, pp. 130-150: "After Dafydd's defection [in 1274], and possibly as a reaction to it, a plan, perhaps originally aired in 1265, was resurrected--marriage between Llywelyn and Elinor, a daughter of Simon de Montfort. Elinor's lineage was highly distinguished; among her uncles were a king of England, a king of France and a Holy Roman Emperor. Nevertheless, by 1275, when a proxy marriage took place, there was no political advantage to the union, for the opposition movement which her father had led was moribund. The king of England took the view that the marriage was a plot to rekindle dissension within his kingdom, and such a notion may also have been present in Llywelyn's mind. Elinor sailed from France to Wales in 1275, but the seizure of her ship led to her imprisonment at Windsor [where she was to remain until her release after Llywelyn paid homage to Edward I in December 1277]."
Death Notes: Slain by Adam Fauclon
Noted events in his life were:
• Marriage by Proxy: to Eleanor de Montfort.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 141 F i. Catherine verch Llewellyn Gryffyth
+ 142 F ii. Gwenllian ferch Llewelyn ap Gruffudd
103. Elen ferch Llywelyn Fawr 127 165 (Joan , Princess of Gwynedd76, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1207 and died in 1253 about age 46.
Research Notes: If Robert II de Quincy was the husband of Hawise of Chester, Elen was his second wife. Magna Charta Barons lists only Elen and has her as the mother of his 3 daughters. Magna Charta Barons is not a reliable source.
From Wikipedia - Elen ferch Llywelyn :
Elen ferch Llywelyn (c. 1206 - 1253) was the daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd in north Wales .
The records of Llywelyn's family are confusing, and it is not certain which of his children were illegitimate, but Elen appears to have been his legitimate daughter by Joan , illegitimate daughter of King John of England .
Elen married John de Scotia, Earl of Chester , in about 1222. He died aged thirty in 1237, and she re-married, her second husband being Sir Robert de Quincy . Their daughter, Hawise , was married to Baldwin Wake , Lord Wake of Lidel. Hawise and Baldwin's granddaughter, Margaret Wake , was the mother of Joan of Kent , later Princess of Wales. Thus the blood of Llywelyn Fawr passed into the English royal family through King Richard II .
There is also a record of a "Helen" daughter of "Llywelyn of Wales" who married Mormaer Maol Choluim II, Earl of Fife and later married Domhnall I, Earl of Mar . The dates appear to rule out this being Elen, since Maol Chaluim II did not die until 1266 while Elen's death is recorded in 1253. Some genealogists propose the existence of another Elen, an illegitimate daughter born towards the end of Llywelyn's life, but there is no clear evidence for this. Another possibility is that this Helen might have been an illegitimate daughter of Llywelyn the Last born when he was a young man, but there is also no evidence of the theory being true. More likely this lady was Susannah ferch Llywelyn ab Iorwerth , who was sent to England in 1228 and married the earl of Fife in the summer of 1237.[1]
Elen married Robert II de Quincy 132 133 after 1237. Robert died in 1257 in <Palestine>.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader:
(Duplicate Line. See Person 83)
104. Dafydd ap Llywelyn (Joan , Princess of Gwynedd76, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1208 and died in 1246 about age 38.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Llywelyn the Great
105. Gwladys "Ddu" verch Llewellyn 166 167 (Joan , Princess of Gwynedd76, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1206 in Caernarvonshire, Wales and died in 1251 in Windsor, Berkshire, England about age 45.
Research Notes: Widow of Reynold de Braose
From Wikipedia - Llywelyn the Great :
Another daughter, Gwladus Ddu (c.1206-1251), was probably legitimate. Adam of Usk states that she was a legitimate daughter by Joan, although some sources claim that her mother was Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch.[64] She first married Reginald de Braose of Brecon and Abergavenny, but had no children by him. After Reginald's death she married Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore and had several sons.
Gwladys married Reynold de Braose 181 218 before 1221 in Wales. Reynold was born about 1178 in <Bramber, Sussex>, England, died on 9 Jun 1228 in Brecon, Breconshire, Wales about age 50, and was buried in Priory Church, Brecon, Breconshire, Wales.
Gwladys next married Ralph de Mortimer, Lord Mortimer of Wigmore 166 219 in 1230. Ralph was born about 1190 in <Wigmore, Herefordshire>, England, died on 6 Aug 1246 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England about age 56, and was buried in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 143 M i. Roger de Mortimer, of Wigmore, 1st Baron Mortimer 166 220 221 was born about 1231 in Cwmaron Castle, Radnorshire, Wales and died on 27 Oct 1282 in Kingsland, Herefordshire, England about age 51.
106. Ela Longspee 84 169 (William II Longspée77, William Longspée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury55, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1226 in England and died on 22 Nov 1299 about age 73.
Research Notes: Great-great granddaughter of Henry II.
Ela married James de Aldithley 169 in 1244 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. James was born about 1225 in Audley, Staffordshire, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 144 M i. Hugh I de Audley 84 169 was born about 1250 in Audley, Staffordshire, England and died about 1336 about age 86.
107. Humphrey VI de Bohun 171 172 (Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex78, Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford56, Margaret , of Huntingdon43, Henry , of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon26, David I "The Saint" , King of Scots13, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died about 4 Aug 1265 in Battle of Evesham, Evesham, Worcestershire, England.
Death Notes: Predeceased his father. Ancestral Roots Line 68-29 and 97-29 give d.v.p. 27 Aug. 1267. Wikipedia has 1265.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 97-29 has d.v.p. 27 Oct. 1265
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From A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, p.136:
"In the wake of the dismemberment of the de Breos empire [after the hanging of William de Breos in 1230], the Bohun and Cantelupe families joined the ranks of the leading Marcher Lords..."
Humphrey married Eleanor de Braose 222 after Aug 1241 in Brecknock, Breconshire, Wales. Eleanor was born about 1228 in Brecknock, Breconshire, Wales, died in 1251 about age 23, and was buried in Llanthony Priory, Monmouthshire, Wales.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 145 M i. Humphrey VII de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford & 2nd Earl of Essex 223 224 was born about 1249 and died on 31 Dec 1298 in Pleshey Castle, Essex, England about age 49.
+ 146 F ii. Alianore de Bohun 225 died on 20 Feb 1314.
108. Alice de Bohun (Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex78, Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford56, Margaret , of Huntingdon43, Henry , of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon26, David I "The Saint" , King of Scots13, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
109. Maud de Bohun (Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex78, Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford56, Margaret , of Huntingdon43, Henry , of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon26, David I "The Saint" , King of Scots13, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
110. Matilda of Brabant 175 176 (Henry II , Duke of Brabant79, Mathilde , of Flanders57, Marie , of Blois, Countess of Boulogne44, Matilda , of Boulogne27, Mary , of Scotland14, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1224 and died on 29 Sep 1288 at age 64.
Birth Notes: Wikipedia (Marie of Hohenstaufen) has b. 1224. Ancestral Roots has b. 1196.
Research Notes: Wikipedia (Henry II, Duke of Brabant)
Matilda married Robert I "the Good" , Count of Artois 157 on 14 Jun 1237. Robert was born in 1216 and died on 8 Feb 1250 at age 34.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 96)
111. Margaret de Quincy 43 178 179 (Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1218 in <Winchester>, Hampshire, England and died on 12 Mar 1280 at age 62.
Research Notes: 2nd wife of William de Ferrers.
Margaret married Sir William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby 46 179 226 about 1238. William was born about 1193 in <Derbyshire>, England, died on 28 Mar 1254 in Evington, Leicestershire, England about age 61, and was buried on 31 Mar 1254 in Merevale Abbey, Merevale, Warwickshire, England.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1200
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. 24 Mar 1254
Children from this marriage were:
+ 147 F i. Agnes de Ferrers 227 died after 9 May 1281.
+ 148 M ii. Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby 228 was born in 1239 and died in 1279 at age 40.
+ 149 F iii. Joan de Ferrers 43 179 was born about 1248 in Derbyshire, England, died on 19 Mar 1309 in Berkeley Castle, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England about age 61, and was buried in St. Augustine's, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England.
112. Elizabeth de Quincey (Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
Elizabeth married Alexander Comyn, 2nd Earl of Buchan.229 Alexander died in 1289.
Noted events in his life were:
• Justiciar and Constable of Scotland:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 150 M i. John Comyn, Earl of Buchan 229 died in Dec 1308 in England.
+ 151 M ii. Roger Comyn
+ 152 M iii. Alexander Comyn
113. Helen de Quincy, of Brackley 180 181 (Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1222 in <Winchester, Hampshire>, England and died Sh. Bef. 20 Aug 1296 in England about age 74.
Research Notes: 3rd daughter, and coheiress, of Roger de Quincy.
Helen married Sir Alan La Zouche 181 230 231 before 1242. Alan was born about 1203 in <Ashby-de-la-Zouche, Leicestershire>, England and died on 10 Aug 1270 in England about age 67.
Death Notes: According to Wikipedia: "As the result of a quarrel over some lands with John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey , he was seriously injured in Westminster Hall by the earl and his retainers, and died on August 10 , 1270 ."
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of the Tower of London:
• Justice: of Chester. under Henry III
• Justice: of Ireland. under Henry III
Children from this marriage were:
+ 153 M i. Eudo La Zouche 181 was born about 1244 in <Ashby, Leicestershire, England> and died before 25 Jun 1279.
+ 154 F ii. Margery La Zouche 84 was born about 1251 in <Clavering, Essex>, England.
114. Margaret de Quincy 133 184 (Robert II de Quincy83, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1209 and died in Mar 1266 in Hempstead Marshall, England about age 57.
Research Notes: Second wife of John de Lacie.
Ancestral Roots, line 54-29 states, "(sole surv. dau. of Hawise, yngst sis. and eventual coh. of Ranulf III, Earl of Cheater and Lincoln)... It is doubtful that she ever m. (3) Richard of Wiltshire, attributed to her in some sources.)
From Magna Charta Barons, p. 102:
"John de Lacie, Earl of Lincoln... m. secondly, after his marked gallantry at the siege of Damietta, Margaret, the only daughter and heiress of Robert de Quincey, a fellow-crusader, who died in the Holy Land, eldest son of Saier de Quincey, Earl of Winchester, one of the twenty-five Sureties for the Magna Charta. Her mother was Hawqyse, a sister and coheiress of Ranulph de Meschines, fourth Earl of Chester and Lincoln, and daughter of Hugh, third Earl of Chester. Earl Ranulph, by a formal charter, granted the earldom of Lincoln to said Hawyse, so that she could be a countess and that her heirs might enjoy the earldom, which grant was confirmed by the king, and at the especial request of the Countess of Lincoln, John de Lacie, her son-in-law, was created Earl of Lincoln, in 1232. John, Earl of Lincoln, had by Lady Margaret, who survived him, and m. secondly, William Marshall, Earl of Pembroke: Edmund de Lacie..."
Margaret married John de Lacy, 1st Earl of Lincoln 232 233 234 before 21 Jun 1221. John was born in 1192 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England, died on 22 Jul 1240 at age 48, and was buried in Stanlaw Abbey, Chester, England.
Noted events in his life were:
• 7th Baron of Halton Castle:
• Hereditary Constable of Chester:
• Magna Charta Surety: 1215.
• Created: 1st Earl of Lincoln of the fifth creation, 23 Nov 1232. Succeeded Ranulph de Blondeville, who was the uncle of Margaret de Lacy through her mother Hawise.
• Governor of Chester and Beeston castles: 1240.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 155 F i. Maud de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln 235 236 237 was born on 25 Jan 1223 and died before 10 Mar 1289.
+ 156 M ii. Edmund de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln died in 1257.
Margaret next married Walter Marshall, Earl of Pembroke. Walter died in 1245.
115. Robert III de Vere, 5th Earl of Oxford 188 189 (Hawise de Quincy84, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1240 in Oxfordshire, England and died on 2 Sep 1296 at age 56.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has d. bef 7 Sept. 1296
Research Notes: 6th Earl of Oxford and great Chamberlain of England.
Noted events in his life were:
• Member of Parliament: 1283, 1295-1296.
Robert married Alice de Sanford 238 by 22 feb 1252. Alice died before 9 Sep 1312.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 157 F i. Joan de Vere 239 240 was born about 1258 in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, died on 23 Nov 1293 about age 35, and was buried in Lewes, Surrey, England.
116. Sir Richard de Clare, 8th Earl of Clare 137 192 193 (Sir Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester86, Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 4 Aug 1222, died on 15 Jul 1262 in Asbenfield, Waltham near Canterbury, England at age 39, and was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.
Research Notes: From Magna Charta Barons, pp. 83-84:
Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester [was] in his minority at the death of his father, and his wardship was granted to the celebrated Hubert de Burgh, Earl of Kent, Justiciary of England, whose daughter Margaret, to the great displeasure of King Henry III., he afterwards clandestinely married, but from whom he was probably divorced, as the king married him the next year to Maud, daughter of John de Lacie, Earl of Lincoln, in consideration whereof the Earl of Lincoln paid to the crown five thousand marks and remitted a debt of two thousand more. This Richard de Clare was a very distinguished personage in the reign of Henry III., and was one of the noblemen present in Westminster Hall, 40 Henry III., when Boniface, Archbishop of Canterbury, pronounced a solemn curse from the altar against all those who should thenceforth violate the Magna Charta.
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From Wikipedia - Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford :
Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford (August 4 , 1222 - July 15 , 1262 ) was son of Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford and Isabel Marshall , daughter of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare, the 17-year-old daughter of Strongbow .
A year after he became of age, he was in an expedition against the Welsh . Through his mother he inherited a fifth part of the Marshall estates, including Kilkenny and other lordships in Ireland . In 1232 Richard was secretly married to Margaret (Megotta) de Burgh, daughter of Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent and Margaret of Scotland . Both bride and groom were aged about ten. Megotta died in November 1237. Before she had even died, the earl of Lincoln offered 5,000 marks to King Henry to secure Richard for his own daughter. This offer was accepted, and Richard was married secondly, on or before 25 January 1238, to Maud de Lacy , daughter of the Surety John de Lacy and Margaret Quincy .
He joined in the Barons' letter to the Pope in 1246 against the exactions of the Curia in England. He was among those in opposition to the King's half-brothers, who in 1247 visited England , where they were very unpopular, but afterwards he was reconciled to them.
On April 1248, he had letters of protection for going over seas on a pilgrimage . At Christmas 1248, he kept his Court with great splendor on the Welsh border. In the next year he went on a pilgrimage to St. Edmund at Pontigny , returning in June. In 1252 he observed Easter at Tewkesbury , and then went across the seas to restore the honor of his brother William, who had been badly worsted in a tournament and had lost all his arms and horses. The Earl is said to have succeeded in recovering all, and to have returned home with great credit, and in September he was present at the Round Table tournament at Walden.
In August 1252/3 the King crossed over to Gascony with his army, and to his great indignation the Earl refused to accompany him and went to Ireland instead. In August 1255 he and John Maunsel were sent to Edinburgh by the King to find out the truth regarding reports which had reached the King that his son-in-law, Alexander , King of Scotland , was being coerced by Robert de Roos and John Baliol . If possible, they were to bring the young King and Queen to him. The Earl and his companion, pretending to be the two of Roos's knights, obtained entry to Edinburgh Castle , and gradually introduced their attendants, so that they had a force sufficient for their defense. They gained access to the Scottish Queen, who made her complaints to them that she and her husband had been kept apart. They threatened Roos with dire punishments, so that he promised to go to the King.
Meanwhile the Scottish magnates, indignant at their castle of Edinburgh's being in English hands, proposed to besiege it, but they desisted when they found they would be besieging their King and Queen. The King of Scotland apparently traveled South with the Earl, for on 24 September they were with King Henry III at Newminster, Northumberland . In July 1258 he fell ill, being poisoned with his brother William, as it was supposed, by his steward, Walter de Scotenay. He recovered but his brother died.
Richard died at John de Griol's manor of Asbenfield in Waltham, near Canterbury , 15 July 1262 , it being rumored that he had been poisoned at the table of Piers of Savoy . On the following Monday he was carried to Canterbury where a mass for the dead was sung, after which his body was taken to the canon's church at Tonbridge and interred in the choir. Thence it was taken to Tewkesbury Abbey and buried 28 July 1262, with great solemnity in the presence of two bishops and eight abbots in the presbytery at his father's right hand. Richard's own arms were: Or, three chevronels gules.
Noted events in his life were:
• 6th Earl of Hertford:
• 2nd Earl of Gloucester:
Richard married Maud de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln 235 236 237 on 25 Jan 1238. Maud was born on 25 Jan 1223 and died before 10 Mar 1289.
Marriage Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f48/a0024834.htm has m. 2 Feb 1238
Children from this marriage were:
+ 158 M i. Thomas de Clare, Lord of Inchiquin and Yougal 241 242 was born about 1245 and died on 29 Aug 1287 about age 42.
+ 159 M ii. Sir Gilbert de Clare, 9th Earl of Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford 43 243 244 was born on 2 Sep 1243 in Christchurch, Hampshire (Dorset), England, died on 7 Dec 1295 in Monmouth Castle, Monmouthshire, Wales at age 52, and was buried on 22 Dec 1295 in Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.
117. Agnes de Clare 138 (Sir Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester86, Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1218.
118. Amice de Clare 138 (Sir Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester86, Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1220 and died in 1287 at age 67.
119. Isabel de Clare 138 (Sir Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester86, Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 2 Nov 1226 and died on 10 Jul 1264 at age 37.
Research Notes: Mother of Robert the Bruce (Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale).
From Wikipedia - Isabella of Gloucester and Hertford :
Isabella of Gloucester and Hertford (2 November 1226- 10 July 1264), was the daughter of Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford and 1st Earl of Gloucester and Isabel Marshal . She is also known as Isabel de Clare...
Family
Isabella's maternal grandparents were William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and his wife Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke . Isabella's paternal grandparents were Richard de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford and Amice FitzRobert . [1]
Isabella was the four of six children, her brother was Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford . Her sister, Amice de Clare married Baldwin de Redvers, 6th Earl of Devon and was mother of Baldwin de Redvers, 7th Earl of Devon and Isabella de Fortibus, Countess of Devon .
Marriage
Isabella married on 12 May 1240 [2] to Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale , Isabella brought to him, the village of Ripe, in Sussex . Her husband was a candidate to become King of Scotland , after the death of the young Margaret, Maid of Norway . Her husband did not however succeed, Robert's rival, John Balliol was elected King of Scotland in 1292. [3]
Robert and Isabella had at least three children:
1. Isabella Bruce (b. 1249 - c1284), married (as his first wife) Sir John FitzMarmaduke, Knt., of Horden, Eighton, Lamesley, Ravensholm, and Silksworth, county Durham, Sheriff of North Durham, and Joint Warden beyond the Scottish Sea between the Forth and Orkney . He fought on the English side at the Battle of Falkirk , July 22 , 1298 , and was present at the Siege of Caerlaverock Castle in 1300. In 1307 he was commanded to assist the Earl of Richmond in expelling Robert de Brus and the Scottish rebels from Galloway . In 1309 his armour and provisions in a vessel bound for Perth were arrested off Great Yarmouth . He was governor of St. John's Town (Perth) in 1310 until his death. Isabel was buried at Easington , county Durham.[4]
2. Robert VI the Bruce, Earl of Carrick (1253 - 1304)
3. Constance Bruce (b. 1251), married Sir William Scot de Calverley and had daughter, Clarissa Scott (m. Sir John Fairfax)
John Balliol's time as King of Scotland did not last long, he died in 1314. Isabella's grandson, Robert the Bruce became King of Scotland . Isabella did not however get to see this day, she died in 1264, aged thirty seven. Her husband married a second time, to Christina de Ireby , this marriage produced at least one daughter, Christina.
Isabel married Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale 245 246 on 12 May 1240. Robert was born about 1215, died on 31 Mar 1295 about age 80, and was buried in Gisborough Priory, Guisborough, North Yorkshire, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 160 M i. Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale 247 was born in Jul 1243 and died in Mar 1304 at age 60.
120. William de Clare 138 (Sir Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester86, Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1228 and died in 1258 at age 30.
121. Rhys-Mechyllt of Llandovery Castle (Joan de Clare89, Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
Rhys-Mechyllt married someone.
+ 161 M i. Rhys-Vaughn Lord of Yestradtywy
122. John de Courtenay 46 (Mary de Reviers90, Mabel de Beaumont64, Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan49, Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan30, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 26 Jul 1224 in Okehampton, Devonshire, England, died on 3 May 1274 at age 49, and was buried on 5 May 1274 in Ford Abbey, Devonshire, England.
John married Isabel de Vere 46 about 1249. Isabel was born about 1228 in <Totnes, Devonshire>, England, died on 11 Aug 1300 about age 72, and was buried in Church of Black Friars, Exeter, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 162 M i. Hugh de Courtenay 46 was born on 25 Mar 1250 in Okehampton, Devonshire, England, died on 3 Mar 1291 in Cullicomb, Devonshire, England at age 40, and was buried in Cowick, Devonshire, England.
123. Eleanor de Warenne (John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey91, William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey65, Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey50, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne36, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1251.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A-30
Eleanor married Sir Henry de Percy on 8 Sep 1268 in York, Yorkshire, England. Henry was born about 1235 and died on 29 Aug 1272 about age 37.
124. Sir William de Warenne, Earl of Surrey 195 196 (John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey91, William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey65, Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey50, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne36, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in Feb 1256 in Surrey, England and died on 15 Dec 1286 in Croyden, Middlesex, England at age 30.
Death Notes: Killed in a tournament
Research Notes: From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871749:
"William was the hier to the Earldom of Surrey, but died before his father; having been killed in a tournament at Croyden 'ambushed and cruelly slain by his rivals'. William was knighted at Winchester in 1285."
Noted events in his life were:
• Sub-granted for life: Bromfield and Yale, castle of Dinas Bran, 1284. by his father, John de Warenne. Castle Leonis (Holt Castle) was undoubtedly still under construction at that time.
• Knighted: 1285, Winchester Castle, Winchester, (Hampshire), England.
William married Joan de Vere 239 240 about 1285. Joan was born about 1258 in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, died on 23 Nov 1293 about age 35, and was buried in Lewes, Surrey, England.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 83-29 has m. abt. 1285
Children from this marriage were:
+ 163 F i. Angharad de Warenne, of Warren Hall, Salop 248 249 was born about 1294.
+ 164 F ii. Alice de Warenne 250 died before 23 May 1338.
+ 165 M iii. John de Warenne, 8th Earl of Surrey 251 252 was born about 30 Jun 1286 and died on 29 Jun 1347 about age 60.
125. John de Warenne (John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey91, William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey65, Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey50, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne36, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
126. Mahaut de Lusignan 122 170 (Alice d'Eu , Countess of Eu, Lady of Hastings92, Maud de Warenne66, Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey50, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne36, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1210, died on 14 Aug 1241 about age 31, and was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.
Research Notes: First wife of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 97-28 (Humphrey V de Bohun).
Mahaut married Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex 121 122 about 1236. Humphrey was born by 1208, died on 24 Sep 1275 in Warwickshire, England at age 67, and was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.
Noted events in his life were:
• 7th Earl of Essex: 1236. After div. of his mother
• Constable of England:
• Sheriff of Kent:
(Duplicate Line. See Person 78)
127. William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick 152 201 (Isabel Mauduit93, Alice de Beaumont67, Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick51, Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1237 in Elmley Castle, Worcestershire, England, died on 9 Jun 1298 in Elmley Castle, Worcestershire, England about age 61, and was buried in Grey Friars, Worcestershire, England.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1227.
Research Notes: Second husband of Maud FitzJohn (Maud FitzGeoffrey).
From Wikipedia - William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick :
William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick (1237 -1298 ) was an English nobleman and soldier, described as a "vigorous and innovative military commander"[1]. He was active in the field against the Welsh for many years, and at the end of his life campaigned against the Scots.
Soldier
He was a close friend of Edward I of England , and was an important leader in Edward's invasion of Wales in 1277.[2][3] In 1294 he raised the siege of Conwy Castle , where the King had been penned in[4], crossing the estuary[5]. He was victorious on March 5, 1295 at the battle of Maes Madog , against Madog ap Llywelyn [6]. In a night attack on the Welsh infantry, he used cavalry to drive them into compact formations, which were then shot up by his archers, and charged[7].
Family
His father was William de Beauchamp of Elmley, his mother Isabel Mauduit, sister and heiress of William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick .
He married Maud FitzGeoffrey. His children included:
William married Maud FitzGeoffrey 253 254 255 before 1270 in Worcestershire, England. Maud was born about 1237 in Shere, Surrey, England, died on 16 Apr 1301 in <Grey Friars>, Worcestershire, England about age 64, and was buried on 7 May 1301 in Grey Friars, Worcestershire, England.
Burial Notes: House of the Friars Minor, Worcester, Worcestershire, England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 166 F i. Isabella de Beauchamp 201 256 257 was born about 1252 in <Warwick>, Warwickshire, England and died before 30 May 1306 in Elmley Castle, Worchestershire, England.
+ 167 F ii. Sarah de Beauchamp
+ 168 M iii. Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick 258 259 260 was born in 1272 in <Elmley Castle, Elmley>, Worcestershire, England, died on 12 Aug 1315 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England at age 43, and was buried in Bordesley Abbey, Worcestershire, England.
128. Helen of Galloway 89 177 (Alan , Lord of Galloway95, Elena de Morville68, Avice de Lancaster52, Gundred de Warenne40, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1208 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died on 21 Nov 1245 in England about age 37.
Research Notes: First wife of Roger de Quincy.
Helen married Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester.43 129 130 131 Roger was born about 1174 in <Winchester>, Hampshire, England, died on 25 Apr 1264 in England about age 90, and was buried in Brackley, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland:
(Duplicate Line. See Person 82)
13th Generation 129. Blanche of Artois 205 (Robert I "the Good" , Count of Artois96, Blanche , of Castile70, Eleanor , of England53, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born between 1245 and 1250 and died on 2 May 1302 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France.
Research Notes: Widow of Henry I of Navarre. Second wife of Henry III. Second wife of Edmund "Crouchback."
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 45-30
Wikipedia
Blanche married Henry III , Count of Champagne and Brie, King of Navarre 261 in 1259. Henry died on 22 Jul 1274.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 169 F i. Jeanne of Navarre 262 was born in Jan 1272 and died on 2 Apr 1305 at age 33.
Blanche next married Edmund "Crouchback" , 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester 160 on 29 Oct 1276 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France. Edmund was born on 16 Jan 1245 in London, England, died on 5 Jun 1296 in Bayonne, France at age 51, and was buried on 15 Jul 1296 in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England.
Marriage Notes: Wikipedia has m. 3 Feb 1276.
Ancestral Roots, line 17-28, has m. bet. 18 Dec. 1275 and 19 Jan 1275/1276
Noted events in his life were:
• Created: Earl of Leicester, 1265.
• Created: Earl of Lancaster, 1267.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 97)
130. Robert II of Artois, Count of Artois (Robert I "the Good" , Count of Artois96, Blanche , of Castile70, Eleanor , of England53, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
131. Henry 3rd Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester 206 207 (Edmund "Crouchback" , 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester97, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1281 in Grosmont Castle, Monmouthshire, England, died on 25 Mar 1345 in Canons Monastery, England about age 64, and was buried in Newark Abbey, Leicestershire, England.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, line 17-29, has d. 22 Sept. 1345, bur. Neward Abbey, co. Leics.
Wikipedia has d. 25 March 1345.
Research Notes: One of the principals behind the deposition of King Edward II.
Some data from Albert Doublass Hart, Jr ("Our Folk" - de Chaworth Family Genealogy). Albert has death date as 22 Sep 1345 in Cannons Monastery, England.
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From Wikipedia - Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster :
Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (1281 - March 25 , 1345 ) was an English nobleman, one of the principals behind the deposition of Edward II.
Lineage
He was the younger son of Blanche of Artois and Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster , Earl of Leicester , who was a son of Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence .
Henry's elder brother Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster succeeded their father in 1296 , but Henry was summoned to Parliament on February 6 , 1298 /99 by writ directed Henrico de Lancastre nepoti Regis, by which he is held to have become Lord Lancaster. He took part in the siege of Carlaverock in July 1300 .
Petition for succession and inheritance
Thomas was convicted of treason, executed and his lands and titles forfeited in 1322 . But Henry, who had not participated in his brother's rebellion, petitioned for his brother's lands and titles, and on March 29 , 1324 he was invested as Earl of Leicester , and a few years later the earldom of Lancaster was also restored to him.
Revenge
On the Queen's return to England with Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March in September 1326 , Henry joined her party against King Edward II, which led to a general desertion of the King's cause and overturned the power of Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester and his namesake son Hugh the younger Despenser .
He was sent in pursuit and captured the king at Neath in South Wales. He was appointed to take charge of the King, and was responsible for his custody at Kenilworth Castle .
Full restoration and reward
After Edward II's death Henry was appointed guardian of the new king Edward III of England , and was also appointed captain-general of all the King's forces in the Scottish Marches .
Loss of sight
In about the year 1330 , he became blind .
Succession
He was succeeded as Earl of Lancaster and Leicester by his eldest son, Henry of Grosmont , who subsequently became Duke of Lancaster.
Family
He married Maud Chaworth , before 2 March 1296 /1297 .
Henry and Maud had seven children:
Henry married Maud de Chaworth, Countess of Lancaster & Countess of Leicester 263 264 265 before 2 Mar 1297 in Kidwelly, Carmarthenshire, Wales. Maud was born on 2 Feb 1282 in <Kidwelly, Carmarthenshire>, Wales and died before 3 Dec 1322.
Marriage Notes: Marriage year could be 1296
Children from this marriage were:
+ 170 F i. Eleanor of Lancaster 266 267 was born about 1318 in England, died on 11 Jan 1372 in Arundel Castle, West Sussex, England about age 54, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England.
+ 171 M ii. Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster 268 was born about 1310 and died on 23 Mar 1361 about age 51.
+ 172 F iii. Blanche of Lancaster 269 was born about 1305 and died before 12 Jul 1380.
+ 173 F iv. Maud of Lancaster 269 was born about 1310 and died about 1377 about age 67.
+ 174 F v. Joan of Lancaster 270 was born about 1312 and died on 7 Jul 1345 in Yorkshire, England about age 33.
+ 175 F vi. Isabel of Lancaster, Abess of Ambresbury was born about 1317 and died after 1347.
+ 176 F vii. Mary of Lancaster 269 was born about 1320 and died on 1 Sep 1362 about age 42.
Henry next married Alix de Geneville.271 Alix died on 19 Apr 1336.
132. Thomas Plantagenet, 2nd Earl of Lancaster (Edmund "Crouchback" , 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester97, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1278.
Research Notes: Wikipedia (Edmund Crouchback)
133. John Plantagenet, Lord of Beaufort (Edmund "Crouchback" , 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester97, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born before 1286.
Research Notes: Wikipedia (Edmund Crouchback)
134. Mary Plantagenet (Edmund "Crouchback" , 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester97, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
135. Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, Princess of England 210 211 212 (King Edward I , of England98, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Rhuddlan, Denbighshire, Wales, died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Essex, England at age 33, and was buried in Waltham Abbey, Essex, England.
Birth Notes: Wikipedia or some other source has b. 7 Aug 1282 or 1281. Reifsnyder-Gillam Ancestry, Edited by Thomas Allen Glenn at the request of Howard Reifsnyder, privately printed, Philadelphia, 1902, provided by http://books.google.com, p. 31 has b. 1284.
Death Notes: Per Wikipedia, died in childbirth
Research Notes: From Reifsnyder-Gillam Ancestry, p. 49:
"I. THE PRINCESS ELIZABETH PLANTAGENET, daughter of Edward I by his first wife, Eleanor of Castile, was born at Rudlan Castle, in Flintshire, 1284. She married, first, in London, John, Earl of Holland, who died without issue two years after his marriage; and secondly, Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Lord High Constable of England. By her second husband she had a son: William de Bohun.
---------
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Rhuddlan :
Elizabeth of Rhuddlan (Elizabeth Plantagenet) (7 August 1282 Rhuddlan Castle - 5 May 1316 Quendon )
Born the eighth daughter of Edward I of England and Eleanor of Castile . Of all her siblings, she was closest to her younger brother Edward II of England , as they were only two years apart in age.
In April 1285 there were negotiations with Floris V for Elizabeth's betrothal to his son John I, Count of Holland . The offer was accepted and John was sent to England to be educated. On 8 January 1297 Elizabeth was married to John at Ipswich . In attendance at the marriage were Elizabeth's sister Margaret , her father, Edward I of England , her brother Edward , and Humphrey de Bohun . After the wedding Elizabeth was expected to go to Holland with her husband, but did not wish to go, leaving her husband to go alone.
After some time travelling England , it was decided Elizabeth should follow her husband. Her father accompanied her, travelling through Antwerp , Malines , Louvain and Brussels , before ending up in Ghent . There they remained for a few months, spending Christmas with her two sister's Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar and Margaret Plantagenet . On 10 November 1299 , John died of dysentery , though there were rumours of his being murdered. No children had been born from the marriage.
On her return trip to England , Elizabeth went through Brabant to see her sister Margaret. When she arrived in England , she met her step mother Margaret of France , whom Edward had married whilst she was in Holland . Reportedly, they became inseparable. On 14 November 1302 Elizabeth was married to Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford , 3rd of Essex, also Constable of England , at Westminster Abbey .
During Christmas 1315 Elizabeth, who was pregnant with her 10th child, was visited by her sister-in-law Isabella of France . This was a great honour, but the stress of it may have caused unknown health problems that later contributed to Elizabeth's death in childbirth. On 5 May 1316 she went into labour, giving birth to her daughter Isabella. Both Elizabeth and Isabella died shortly after the birthing, and were buried together in Waltham Abbey .
The children of Elizabeth and Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford are:
Hugh de Bohun (September 1303 - 1305 )
Eleanor de Bohun (October 1304 - 1363 ), married James Butler, 1st Earl of Ormonde and Thomas Dagworth , 1st Baron Dagworth.
Humphrey de Bohun (b&d 1305 )
John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford (23 November 1306 - 1335 )
Agnes de Bohun, (November 1309 - ), married Robert de Ferrers, Earl of Chartley
Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford (6 December about 1309 - 1361 )
Margaret de Bohun (3 April 1311 - 1391 ), married Hugh Courtenay, 2nd Earl of Devon
William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton (1312 - 1360 ). Twin of Edward. Married Elizabeth de Badlesmere.
Edward de Bohun (1312 - 1334 ). Twin of William.
Eneas de Bohun, (1314 - after 1322 ), when he's mentioned in his father's will.
Isabel de Bohun (b&d 5 May 1316 )
Elizabeth married John , Count of Holland and Zealand.
Elizabeth next married Humphrey VIII de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex 272 273 on 14 Nov 1302 in Westminster Palace, London, England. Humphrey was born about 1276 in Pleshey Castle, Essex, England and died on 16 Mar 1322 in Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, England about age 46.
Death Notes: At the Battle of Boroughbridge, murdered in an ambush by the Welsh.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 177 M i. Sir William de Bohun, K.G., 1st Earl of Northampton 274 275 was born about 1311 and died on 16 Sep 1360 about age 49.
+ 178 F ii. Eleanor de Bohun 276 was born in Oct 1304 and died on 7 Oct 1363 at age 59.
+ 179 M iii. John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford was born on 23 Nov 1306 and died in 1335 at age 29.
+ 180 M iv. Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford 277 was born on 6 Dec 1309, died on 15 Oct 1361 in Pleshey Castle, Essex, England at age 51, and was buried in Friars Augustine, London.
+ 181 F v. Margaret de Bohun 46 278 was born on 3 Apr 1311 in Caldecote, Northamptonshire, England, died on 16 Dec 1391 in Exeter, Devonshire, England at age 80, and was buried in Exeter Cathedral, Devonshire, England.
+ 182 M vi. Edward de Bohun 273 was born in 1312 and died in 1334 at age 22.
+ 183 M vii. Eneas de Bohun was born about 1313 and died after 1322.
+ 184 F viii. Agnes de Bohun was born in Nov 1309.
136. Eleanor of England (King Edward I , of England98, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 18 Jun 1269, died on 29 Aug 1298 at age 29, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Eleanor of England (1269-1298) :
Eleanor of England (18 June 1269 - 29 August 1298 ), was the eldest surviving daughter of Edward I of England and his first wife, Eleanor of Castile .
For a long period she was betrothed to King Alphonso III of Aragon (d. 18 June 1291 ). However, Alphonso's death occurred before the marriage could take place.
Eleanor subsequently married the French nobleman, Henry III, Count of Bar in 1293, as a means of allying Bar and England against the Kings of France. Eleanor and Henry had three surviving children:
Eleanor pre-deceased her husband and was buried 12 October 1298 in Westminster Abbey .
Eleanor married Henry III , Count of Bar on 20 Sep 1283 in Bristol, England. Henry was born in 1259 in Naples, Italy and died in Sep 1302 at age 43.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 185 M i. Edward I of Bar, Comte de Bar was born in 1284 and died in 1336 at age 52.
+ 186 F ii. Eleanor was born in 1285.
+ 187 F iii. Jeanne was born in 1295 and died in 1361 at age 66.
137. Joan of Acre 213 214 (King Edward I , of England98, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1272 in Acre, Syria and died on 23 Apr 1307 at age 35.
Research Notes: Second wife of Sir Gilbert de Clare.
From Wikipedia - Joan of Acre :
Joan of Acre (April 1272 - April 23 , 1307 ) was the daughter of King Edward I of England and Queen Eleanor . She is most notable for her marriage to Ralph de Monthermer and the claim that miracles have allegedly taken place at her grave. She is also notable for the multiple references of her in literature.
Birth and Childhood
Joan, or Joanna, of Acre as she is sometimes referred to, was born in the spring of 1272 in Syria, while her parents, King Edward I and Queen Eleanor of Castille, were on the crusade .[2] She was the only English princess to be born outside of her native land, in the city of Acre, where her name derives from.[3] Her parents departed from Acre shortly after her birth, traveling to Sicily and Spain[4] before leaving Joan with her grandmother in Ponthieu, France.[5] Joan lived for several years in France where she spent her time being educated by a bishop and "being thoroughly spoiled by an indulgent grandmother."[6] Joan was free to play among the "vine clad hills and sunny vales"[7] surrounding her grandmother's home, although she required "judicious surveillance."[8]
As Joan was growing up with her grandmother, her father was back in England, already arranging marriages for his daughter. He wanted to gain both political power and more wealth with his daughter, so he conducted the arrangement in a very "business like style".[9] He finally found a man suitable to marry Joan (aged 5 at the time), Hartman, son of King Rudoph I, of Germany. Edward then brought her home from France for the first time to meet him.[10] As she had spent her entire life away from Edward and Eleanor, when she returned she "stood in no awe of her parents"[11] and had a fairly distanced relationship with them.
Unfortunately for King Edward, his daughter's suitor died before he was able to meet or marry Joan. The news reported that Hartman had fallen through a patch of shallow ice while "amusing himself in skating" while a letter sent to the King himself stated that Hartman had set out on a boat to visit his father amidst a terrible fog and the boat had smashed into a rock, drowning him.[12]
First Marriage
Edward arranged a second marriage almost immediately after the death of Hartman.[13] Gilbert de Clare, earl of Gloucester, who was almost thirty years older than Joan and newly divorced was his first choice.[14] The earl resigned his lands to Edward upon agreeing to get them back when he married Joan, as well as agreed on a dower of two thousand silver marks.[15] By the time all of these negotiations were finished, Joan was twelve years old.[16] Gilbert de Clare became very enamored with Joan, and even though she had to marry him regardless of how she felt, he still tried to woo her.[17] He bought her expensive gifts and clothing to try to win favor with her.[18] The couple were married on April 30th, 1290 at Westminster Abbey, and had four children together.[19]
They were:
Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Hertford
Eleanor de Clare
Margaret de Clare
Elizabeth de Clare
Joan's first husband, Gilbert de Clare died on December 7th, 1295.[20]
Secret Second Marriage
Joan had been a widow for only a little over a year when she caught the eye of Ralph de Monthermer , a squire in Joan's father's household.[21] Joan fell in love and convinced her father to have Monthermer knighted. It was unheard of in European royalty for one in power to even converse with a man who had not won or acquired importance in the household. However, in January during the year of 1297, the couple was secretly married.[22] Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer, and Joan of Acre blind-sided her father with this secret while he was already planning another marriage for his daughter to Amadeus V, Count of Savoy.[23] The arrangements for this marriage were quickly made through written letters. The date was to be March 16th, 1297. Joan of Acre was in dangerous predicament, as she was already a wedded wife, unbeknownst to her father. She sent her son and little daughters over to Edward I, their grandfather, in hopes that their sweetness would serve in her favor. However, her plan did not work.[24] He soon found out the intentions his daughter had, but did not realize she had already committed them.[25]
Upon finding out, he took all of Joan's lands into his own hands and continued on with his planning of the arranged marriage between Joan and Amadeus of Savoy.[26]
Soon after the seizure of her lands, Joan told her father of the official marriage between her and Monthermer. He was enraged and retaliated by immediately throwing Monthermer in prison at Bristol Castle .[27] The people of the land had differing opinions on the princess' matter, however, and has been argued that ones who were most upset were those who wanted Joan's hand in marriage.[28]
With regard to the matter, Joan famously said, "It is not considered ignominious, nor disgraceful for a great earl to take a poor and mean woman to wife; neither, on the other hand, is it worthy of blame, or too difficult a thing to promote to honor a gallant youth."[29] It is said that not only this claim, but the possibility of the appearance of a pregnant stomach seemed to soften Edward's attitude towards the situation.[30]
At last, her father relented for the sake of his daughter and released Monthermer from prison in August 1297.[31] Monthermer paid homage August 2nd and getting the title of Earl of Gloucester and Earl of Hertford , rose to favor with the King during Joan's lifetime. [32]. Monthermer and Joan had four children:
Mary de Monthermer, born October 1297. In 1306 her grandfather King Edward I arranged for her to wed Duncan Macduff, 8th Earl of Fife .
Joan de Monthermer, born 1299, became a nun at Amesbury .
Thomas de Monthermer , 2nd Baron Monthermer, born 1301.
Edward de Monthermer, born 1304 and died 1339.
Relationship With Family
Acre was the seventh child of Edward I and Eleanor's fourteen children. Most of her older siblings died before the age of seven, and many of her younger siblings died before adulthood.[33] Of the survivors, included were Joan, four of her sisters, and her younger brother, Edward (later Edward II , King of England). [34]
Acre, like her siblings, was raised outside her family's household. She lived with her grandmother while her parents were on the crusade.[35] Edward I did not have a close relationship with most of his children while they were growing up, yet "he seemed fonder of his daughters than his sons."[36] In fact, most of the children who made it to adulthood were Edward's daughters.[37]
However, Acre's independent nature caused numerous conflicts between her and her father. Her father disapproved of her leaving court after her marriage to the Earl of Gloucester, and in turn "seized seven robes that had been made for her."[38] He also strongly disapproved of her second marriage to Ralph de Monthermer, a squire in her household, even to the point of attempting to force her to marry someone else.[39][40] While Edward ultimately developed a cordial relationship with Monthermer, even giving him the title of Earl [41], there appears to have been a notable difference in the Edward's treatment of Joan as compared to the treatment of the rest of her siblings. For instance, her father famously paid messengers substantially when they brought news of the birth of grandchildren, but did not do this upon birth of Acre's daughter.[42]
In terms of her siblings, Acre kept a fairly tight bond. She and Monthermer both maintained a close relationship with her brother, Edward II, which was maintained through letters. After Edward II became estranged from his parents and lost his royal seal, "Joan offered to lend him her seal" instead.[43]
Death
Joan of Acre died on April 23, 1307.[44] The cause of her death remains unclear, though one popular theory is that she died during childbirth, a common cause of death at the time. However, historians have not confirmed this to be her cause of death.[45]
Less than four months after her death, Joan's father, Edward I died. Ralph de Monthermer was stripped of his title of Earl soon after the deaths of his wife and father in law, and the title was given to Joan's son from her first marriage, Gilbert.[46]
Joan's burial place has been the cause of some interest and debate. Allegedly, in 1357, Joan's daughter, Elizabeth De Burgh, claimed to have "inspected her mother's body and found the corpse to be intact,"[47]an indication of sanctity. Some sources claim that miracles have taken place at her tomb, from a cure of the toothache to the fever, which was often fatal at the time. [48]
Joan married Sir Gilbert de Clare, 9th Earl of Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford 43 243 244 about 30 Apr 1290 in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England. Gilbert was born on 2 Sep 1243 in Christchurch, Hampshire (Dorset), England, died on 7 Dec 1295 in Monmouth Castle, Monmouthshire, Wales at age 52, and was buried on 22 Dec 1295 in Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.
Noted events in his life were:
• 3rd Earl of Gloucester:
• 7th Earl of Hertford:
• Knighted: 14 May 1264.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 188 F i. Eleanor de Clare 43 279 280 was born on 3 Oct 1292 in Caerphilly, Glamorgan, Wales, died on 30 Jun 1337 at age 44, and was buried in Tewkesbury, Wiltshire, England.
138. Margaret Plantagenet (King Edward I , of England98, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 15 Mar 1275 and died in 1318 at age 43.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Edward I of England
139. KingEdward II of England 215 216 (King Edward I , of England98, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 25 Apr 1284 in Caernarfon Castle, Caernarfonshire, Gwynedd, Wales, died on 21 Sep 1327 in <Berkeley Castle, > near Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England at age 43, and was buried in Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Edward II of England :
Edward II, (April 25 , 1284 - September 21 , 1327 ) of Caernarfon , was King of England from 1307 until deposed in January 1327. His tendency to ignore his nobility in favour of low-born favourites led to constant political unrest and his eventual deposition. Edward is perhaps best remembered for his murder and his alleged homosexuality .
Edward II was the first monarch to establish colleges in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge ; he founded Cambridge's King's Hall in 1317 and gave Oxford's Oriel College its royal charter in 1326. Both colleges received the favour of Edward's son, Edward III , who confirmed Oriel's charter in 1327 and refounded King's Hall in 1337.
Prince of Wales
The fourth son of Edward I of England by his first wife Eleanor of Castile , Edward II was born at Caernarfon Castle . He was the first English prince to hold the title of the Prince of Wales , which was formalized by the Lincoln Parliament of February 7 , 1301 .
The story that his father presented Edward II as a newborn to the Welsh as their future native prince is unfounded (the Welsh would have asked the King to give them a prince that spoke Welsh , and he would have answered he would give them a prince that spoke no English at all); the story first appeared in the work of 16th century Welsh "antiquary " David Powel [citation needed ].
Edward became heir at just a few months old, following the death of his elder brother Alphonso . His father, a notable military leader, trained his heir in warfare and statecraft starting in his childhood, yet the young Edward preferred boating and craftsman work - activities thought beneath kings at the time...
On January 25 , 1308 , Edward married Isabella of France , the daughter of King Philip IV of France , "Philip the Fair," and sister to three French kings. The marriage was doomed to failure almost from the beginning. Isabella was frequently neglected by her husband, who spent much of his time conspiring with his favourites regarding how to limit the powers of the Peerage in order to consolidate his father's legacy for himself. Nevertheless, their marriage produced two sons, Edward (1312-1377), who would succeed his father on the throne as Edward III, and John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall (1316-1336), and two daughters, Eleanor (1318-1355) and Joanna (1321-1362), wife of David II of Scotland . Edward had also fathered at least one illegitimate son, Adam FitzRoy , who accompanied his father in the Scottish campaigns of 1322 and died on 18 September 1322 .
[edit ] War with the Barons
When Edward travelled to the northern French city of Boulogne to marry Isabella, he left his friend and counsellor Gaveston to act as regent. Gaveston also received the earldom of Cornwall and the hand of the king's niece, Margaret of Gloucester; these proved to be costly honours.
Various barons grew resentful of Gaveston, and insisted on his banishment through the Ordinances of 1311 . Edward recalled his friend, but in 1312, Gaveston was executed by the Earl of Lancaster and his allies, who claimed that Gaveston led the king to folly. (Gaveston was run through and beheaded on Blacklow Hill, outside the small village of Leek Wootton , where a monument called Gaveston's Cross still stands today).
Immediately following, Edward focused on the destruction of those who had betrayed him, while the barons themselves lost impetus (with Gaveston dead, they saw little need to continue). By mid-July, Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke was advising the king to make war on the barons who, unwilling to risk their lives, entered negotiations in September 1312. In October, the Earls of Lancaster, Warwick, Arundel and Hereford begged Edward's pardon.
[edit ] Conflict with Scotland
During this period, Robert the Bruce was steadily re-conquering Scotland . Each campaign begun by Edward, from 1307 to 1314, ended in Robert's clawing back more of the land that Edward I had taken during his long reign. Robert's military successes against Edward II were due to a number of factors, not the least of which was the Scottish King's strategy. He used small forces to trap an invading English army, he took castles by stealth to preserve his troops and he used the land itself as a weapon against Edward by attacking quickly and then disappearing into the hills before facing the superior numbers of the English. Castle by castle, Robert the Bruce rebuilt Scotland and united the country against its common enemy. Indeed, Robert is quoted as saying that he feared more the dead Edward I than the living Edward II. Thus, by June 1314, only Stirling Castle and Berwick remained under English control.
On 23 June 1314 , Edward and his army of 20,000 foot soldiers and 3000 cavalry faced Robert and his army of foot soldiers and farmers wielding 14 foot long pikes. Edward knew he had to keep the critical stronghold of Stirling Castle if there was to be any chance for English military success. The castle, however, was under a constant state of siege, and the English commander, Sir Phillip de Mowbray, had advised Edward that he would surrender the castle to the Scots unless Edward arrived by June 24 , 1314 , to relieve the siege. Edward could not afford to lose his last forward castle in Scotland. He decided therefore to gamble his entire army to break the siege and force the Scots to a final battle by putting its army into the field.
However, Edward had made a serious mistake in thinking that his vastly superior numbers alone would provide enough of a strategic advantage to defeat the Scots. Robert not only had the advantage of prior warning, as he knew the actual day that Edward would come north and fight, he also had the time to choose the field of battle most advantageous to the Scots and their style of combat. As Edward moved forward on the main road to Stirling, Robert placed his army on either side of the road north, one in the dense woods and the other placed on a bend on the river, a spot hard for the invading army to see. Robert also ordered his men to dig potholes and cover them with bracken in order to help break any cavalry charge.
By contrast, Edward did not issue his writs of service, calling upon 21,540 men, until May 27 , 1314 . Worse, his army was ill-disciplined and had seen little success in eight years of campaigns. On the eve of battle, he decided to move his entire army at night and placed it in a marshy area, with its cavalry laid out in nine squadrons in front of the foot soldiers. The following battle, the Battle of Bannockburn , is considered by contemporary scholars to be the worst defeat sustained by the English since the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
Tactics similar to Robert's were employed by victorious English armies against the French in later centuries, partly as a direct result of the enduring decisiveness of the Scots' victory. A young Henry V of England would use this exact tactic against French cavalry in a key battle on the fields of Agincourt in 1415, winning the day and the war against France.[citation needed ]...
[edit ] End of the Despensers
Reprisals against Edward's allies began immediately thereafter. The Earl of Arundel, an old enemy of Roger Mortimer, was beheaded; this was followed by the trial and execution of Despenser.
Despenser was brutally executed and a huge crowd gathered in anticipation at seeing him die. They dragged him from his horse, stripped him, and scrawled Biblical verses against corruption and arrogance on his skin. They then led him into the city, presenting him in the market square to Roger, Isabella, and the Lancastrians. He was then condemned to hang as a thief, be castrated , and then be drawn and quartered as a traitor, his quarters to be dispersed through England.
[edit ] Abdication
With the King imprisoned, Mortimer and the Queen faced the problem of what to do with him. The simplest solution would be execution: his titles would then pass to Edward of Windsor, whom Isabella could control, while it would also prevent the possibility of his being restored. Execution would require the King to be tried and convicted of treason: and while most Lords agreed that Edward had failed to show due attention to his country, several Prelates argued that, appointed by God, the King could not be legally deposed or executed; if this happened, they said, God would punish the country. Thus, at first, it was decided to have Edward imprisoned for life instead.
However, the fact remained that the legality of power still lay with the King. Isabella had been given the Great Seal, and was using it to rule in the names of the King, herself, and their son as appropriate; nonetheless, these actions were illegal, and could at any moment be challenged.
In these circumstances, Parliament chose to act as an authority above the King. Representatives of the House of Commons were summoned, and debates began. The Archbishop of York and others declared themselves fearful of the London mob, loyal to Roger Mortimer. Others wanted the King to speak in Parliament and openly abdicate , rather than be deposed by the Queen and her General. Mortimer responded by commanding the Mayor of London , Richard de Bethune, to write to Parliament, asking them to go to the Guildhall to swear an oath to protect the Queen and Prince Edward, and to depose the King. Mortimer then called the great lords to a secret meeting that night, at which they gave their unanimous support to the deposition of the King.
Eventually Parliament agreed to remove the King. However, for all that Parliament had agreed that the King should no longer rule, they had not deposed him. Rather, their decision made, Edward was asked to accept it.
On January 20, Edward II was informed at Kenilworth Castle of the charges brought against him. The King was guilty of incompetence; allowing others to govern him to the detriment of the people and Church; not listening to good advice and pursuing occupations unbecoming to a monarch; having lost Scotland and lands in Gascony and Ireland through failure of effective governance; damaging the Church , and imprisoning its representatives; allowing nobles to be killed, disinherited, imprisoned and exiled; failing to ensure fair justice, instead governing for profit and allowing others to do likewise; and of fleeing in the company of a notorious enemy of the realm, leaving it without government, and thereby losing the faith and trust of his people. Edward, profoundly shocked by this judgement, wept while listening. He was then offered a choice: he might abdicate in favour of his son; or he might resist, and relinquish the throne to one not of royal blood, but experienced in government - this, presumably, being Roger Mortimer. The King, lamenting that his people had so hated his rule, agreed that if the people would accept his son, he would abdicate in his favour. The lords, through the person of Sir William Trussel, then renounced their homage to him, and the reign of Edward II ended.
The abdication was announced and recorded in London on January 24, and the following day was proclaimed the first of the reign of Edward III - who, at 14, was still controlled by Isabella and Mortimer. The former King Edward remained imprisoned.
Death
Edward II's tomb at Gloucester Cathedral
The government of Isabella and Mortimer was so precarious that they dared not leave the deposed king in the hands of their political enemies. On April 3, Edward II was removed from Kenilworth and entrusted to the custody of two dependents of Mortimer, then later imprisoned at Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire where, it is generally believed, he was murdered by an agent of Isabella and Mortimer...
Following the public announcement of the king's death, the rule of Isabella and Mortimer did not last long. Mortimer and Isabella made peace with the Scots in the Treaty of Northampton , but this move was highly unpopular. Consequently, when Edward III came of age in 1330, he executed Roger Mortimer on fourteen charges of treason, most significantly the murder of Edward II (thereby removing any public doubt about his father's survival). Edward III spared his mother and gave her a generous allowance, but ensured that she retired from public life for several years. She died at Hertford on August 23 , 1358 .
Noted events in his life were:
• King of England: 1307-1327.
Edward married Isabella , of France 281 282 on 25 Jan 1308 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France. Isabella was born about 1295 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France and died on 22 Aug 1358 about age 63.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 189 M i. Edward III King of England 283 284 285 was born on 13 Nov 1312 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England and died on 21 Jun 1377 in Sheen Palace, Richmond, Surrey, England at age 64.
+ 190 M ii. John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall was born in 1316.
+ 191 F iii. Eleanor Countess of Guelders was born in 1318.
+ 192 F iv. Joan Queen of Scots was born in 1321.
140. Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk (King Edward I , of England98, King Henry III , of England71, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 1 Jun 1300 and died in 1338 at age 38.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 16-29
Thomas married Alice Hales after 1316. Alice died after 8 May 1316.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 193 F i. Margaret Duchess of Norfolk died on 24 Mar 1399.
141. Catherine verch Llewellyn Gryffyth (Elinor de Montfort102, Eleanor75, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
Catherine married Philip ap Ifor, Lord of Is Coed.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 194 F i. Eleanor ferch Philip ap Ifor was born in 1318.
142. Gwenllian ferch Llewelyn ap Gruffudd (Elinor de Montfort102, Eleanor75, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
143. Roger de Mortimer, of Wigmore, 1st Baron Mortimer 166 220 221 (Gwladys "Ddu" verch Llewellyn105, Joan , Princess of Gwynedd76, King John "Lackland" , of England54, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1231 in Cwmaron Castle, Radnorshire, Wales and died on 27 Oct 1282 in Kingsland, Herefordshire, England about age 51.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. 1221, Cwmaron Castle, Radnorshire, Wales
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), Line 28-29 and 176B-29
From Wikipedia - Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer :
Roger Mortimer (1231- 30 October 1282), 1st Baron Mortimer , was a famous and honoured knight from Wigmore Castle in Herefordshire . He was a loyal ally of King Henry III of England . He was at times an enemy, at times an ally, of the Welsh prince, Llywelyn the Last .
Early career
Born in 1231, Roger was the son of Ralph de Mortimer and his Welsh wife, Princess Gwladys Ddu , daughter of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth .
In 1256 Roger went to war with Llywelyn ap Gruffydd when the latter invaded his lordship of Gwrtheyrnion or Rhayader . This war would continue intermittently until the death of both Roger and Llywelyn in 1282. They were both grandsons of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth .
Mortimer fought for the King against the rebel Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester , and almost lost his life in 1264 at the Battle of Lewes fighting Montfort's men. In 1265 Mortimer's wife, Maud de Braose helped rescue Prince Edward ; and Mortimer and the Prince made an alliance against de Montfort.
Victor at Evesham
In August 1265, de Montfort's army was surrounded by the River Avon on three sides, and Prince Edward's army on the fourth. Mortimer had sent his men to block the only possible escape route, at the Bengeworth bridge. The Battle of Evesham began in earnest. A storm roared above the battle field. Montfort's Welsh soldiers broke and ran for the bridge, where they were slaughtered by Mortimer's men. Mortimer himself killed Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester in crushing Montfort's army. Mortimer was awarded Montfort's severed head and other parts of his anatomy, which he sent home to Wigmore Castle as a gift for his wife, Lady Mortimer.
Marriage and children
Lady Mortimer was Maud de Braose , daughter of William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny by Eva Marshal . Roger Mortimer had married her in 1247. She was, like him, a scion of a Welsh Marches family. Their children were:
Ralph Mortimer, died 1276.
Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Baron Mortimer (1251-1304), married Margaret de Fiennes , the daughter of William II de Fiennes and Blanche de Brienne . Had issue, including Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March
Isabella Mortimer , died 1292. She married (1) John Fitzalan, 7th Earl of Arundel , (2) Robert de Hastings
Margaret Mortimer , died 1297. She married Robert de Vere, 6th Earl of Oxford
Roger Mortimer of Chirk , died 1326.
Geoffrey Mortimer , a knight
William Mortimer , a knight
Their eldest son, Ralph, was a famed knight but died in his youth. The second son, Edmund, was recalled from Oxford University and appointed his father's heir.
Epitaph
Roger Mortimer died on 30 October 1282, and was buried at Wigmore Abbey , where his tombstone read:
"Here lies buried, glittering with praise, Roger the pure, Roger Mortimer the second, called Lord of Wigmore by those who held him dear. While he lived all Wales feared his power, and given as a gift to him all Wales remained his. It knew his campaigns, he subjected it to torment."
Roger married Maud de Braose 166 286 287 in 1247. Maud was born in 1224 in <Gower, Glamorganshire>, Wales, died before 23 Mar 1301 in Herefordshire, England, and was buried in Wigmore Abbey, Wigmore, Herefordshire, England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 195 F i. Isabella de Mortimer 43 288 died before 1 Apr 1292.
+ 196 M ii. Sir Edmund de Mortimer, 7th Baron Mortimer of Wigmore 289 290 was born in 1261 in <Wigmore, Herefordshire>, England, died on 17 Jul 1304 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England at age 43, and was buried in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England.
144. Hugh I de Audley 84 169 (Ela Longspee106, William II Longspée77, William Longspée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury55, Henry II "Curtmantel" , King of England42, Empress Matilda , Countess of Anjou24, Matilda , of Scotland12, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1250 in Audley, Staffordshire, England and died about 1336 about age 86.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Hugh I de Audley :
Hugh de Audley (ca. 1250 - ca. 1336) was a member of the Audley-Stanley family and the father of Hugh de Audley, 1st Earl of Gloucester .
Lineage
He was born in Audley in the English County of Staffordshire , the son of James of Aldithley (born c. 1225 in Audley , Staffordshire ) and Ela Longspee (daughter of William II Longespee , and his great great grandfather was therefore Henry II , King of England.
Family
He married Isolda de Mortimer , the daughter of Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Baron Mortimer , and had 3 children:
Hugh married Isolde de Mortimer 290 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England. Isolde was born about 1270 in <Wigmore, Herefordshire>, England and died in 1328 about age 58.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 197 F i. Alice Audley 84 was born about 1304 in Hadley, Staffordshire, England, died on 11 Jan 1374 in Greystoke, Northumberland, England about age 70, and was buried in Durham Cathedral, Durham, Durham, England.
145. Humphrey VII de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford & 2nd Earl of Essex 223 224 (Humphrey VI de Bohun107, Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex78, Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford56, Margaret , of Huntingdon43, Henry , of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon26, David I "The Saint" , King of Scots13, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1249 and died on 31 Dec 1298 in Pleshey Castle, Essex, England about age 49.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 97-30 has b. abt 1249, d. Pleshey, 31 Dec. 1298, 3rd Earl of Hereford and Essex, Constable of England.
-------------
From Wikipedia - Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford:
"Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford and 2nd Earl of Essex (1249 - December 31 , 1297 ) was one of several noblemen of the same name to have held the earldom of Hereford, and a key figure in the Norman conquest of Wales .
"He was the son of Humphrey de Bohun, by Eleanor de Braose, a daughter of William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny and Eve Marshall. His mother died in 1251 ; his father died in 1265 of wounds sustained at the Battle of Evesham . He succeeded his grandfather, Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford , in 1275 as Earl of Hereford and Essex and Lord High Constable .
"Humphrey de Bohun took part in Roger Mortimer 's war against the Welsh, and was present at the defeat at Cefnllys in November, 1262 , by Llywelyn ap Gruffydd . Around 1264 , he was made Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports .
"He also participated in the campaigns against the Gaules and Scots. He refused to pay tribute to Edward I of England and convened an army at Worcester on 24 Jun 1277. In the campaign he commanded the nobles of Marhces and recovered the land of Brecon. He was later imprisoned but freed by a ransom of 10,000 marcs.
"In 1294, Humprhey fought (again) against Edward at Gallois along with Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk and other barons. Ultimately, Humphrey regained the royal favor in Scotland on the side of Edward I, and won the victory at Falkirk on 22 July 1298. He died in Pleshley Castle, Essex on 31 December 1298 or 1 Jan 1299 and was buried with his wife at Walden Abbey in Essex, founded by Geoffrey de Mandeville "
-------------
From A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, p.150:
"From 1272 onwards, Bohun and Mortimer redoubled their efforts to repossess the Marcher Lordships granted to Llywelyn under the Treaty of Montgomery. In 1274, there was a dramatic addition to the ranks of the prince's enemies when his brother, Dafydd, and his chief vassal, Gruffudd ap Gwenwynwyn, fled to England, leaving behind them evidence of a plot to kill him."
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of England:
Humphrey married Maud de Fiennes 224 291 on 17 Jul 1275. Maud was born between 1236 and 1259 and died before 31 Dec 1298.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 198 M i. Humphrey VIII de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex 272 273 was born about 1276 in Pleshey Castle, Essex, England and died on 16 Mar 1322 in Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, England about age 46.
146. Alianore de Bohun 225 (Humphrey VI de Bohun107, Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex78, Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford56, Margaret , of Huntingdon43, Henry , of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon26, David I "The Saint" , King of Scots13, Saint Margaret , of Scotland7, Agatha5, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died on 20 Feb 1314.
Research Notes: Second wife of Robert de Ferrers.
Alianore married Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby 228 on 26 Jun 1269. Robert was born in 1239 and died in 1279 at age 40.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 199 M i. Sir John de Ferrers, of Southoe and Keyston 292 was born on 30 Jun 1271 in Cardiff and died in Aug 1312 in Gascony at age 41.
147. Agnes de Ferrers 227 (Margaret de Quincy111, Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died after 9 May 1281.
Agnes married Sir Robert de Muscegros, of Charlton, Somerset.293 294 Robert was born about 1252 and died on 27 Dec 1280 about age 28.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 200 F i. Hawise de Muscegros, of Charlton 295 was born on 21 Dec 1276 and died After Jun 1340 By Dec 1350.
148. Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby 228 (Margaret de Quincy111, Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born in 1239 and died in 1279 at age 40.
Robert married Alianore de Bohun 225 on 26 Jun 1269. Alianore died on 20 Feb 1314.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 146)
149. Joan de Ferrers 43 179 (Margaret de Quincy111, Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1248 in Derbyshire, England, died on 19 Mar 1309 in Berkeley Castle, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England about age 61, and was buried in St. Augustine's, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England.
Joan married Thomas de Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley 296 in 1267. Thomas was born in 1245 and died on 23 Jul 1321 in Berkeley Castle, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England at age 76.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 201 M i. Maurice de Berkeley 43 was born in Apr 1271 in <Berkeley Castle, > near Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England, died on 31 May 1326 in Wallingford Castle, Wallingford, Berkshire (Oxfordshire), England at age 55, and was buried in St. Augustine's, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England.
150. John Comyn, Earl of Buchan 229 (Elizabeth de Quincey112, Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died in Dec 1308 in England.
Research Notes: Died childless.
John married Isabelle MacDuff.297
151. Roger Comyn (Elizabeth de Quincey112, Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
152. Alexander Comyn (Elizabeth de Quincey112, Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1)
Alexander married Joan le Latimer.229
Children from this marriage were:
+ 202 F i. Alice Comyn 297 was born in 1289 in Aberdeenshire, Scotland and died on 3 Jul 1349 at age 60.
+ 203 F ii. Margaret Comyn
153. Eudo La Zouche 181 (Helen de Quincy, of Brackley113, Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1244 in <Ashby, Leicestershire, England> and died before 25 Jun 1279.
Eudo married Millicent de Cantelou 181 before 1273 in Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, England. Millicent was born about 1250 in <Calne, Wiltshire>, England and died before 7 Jan 1299 in Harringworth, Northamptonshire, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 204 F i. Eve La Zouche 181 was born about 1281 in <Harringworth, Northamptonshire>, England, died on 5 Dec 1314 about age 33, and was buried in Church, Portbury, Somersetshire, England.
154. Margery La Zouche 84 (Helen de Quincy, of Brackley113, Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester82, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1251 in <Clavering, Essex>, England.
Margery married Robert FitzRoger Clavering 298 about 1265. Robert was born about 1247 in <Clavering, Essex>, England and died on 29 Apr 1310 about age 63.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 205 F i. Eupheme FitzRoger Clavering 298 was born about 1267 in <Warkworth, Northumberland>, England, was christened in Clavering, Essex, England, died in 1329 in Warkworth, Northumberland, England about age 62, and was buried in Staindrop, Durham, England.
155. Maud de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln 235 236 237 (Margaret de Quincy114, Robert II de Quincy83, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born on 25 Jan 1223 and died before 10 Mar 1289.
Research Notes: Eldest daughter of John de Lacy. "The most litigious woman of the 13th century."
From Wikipedia - Maud de Lacy :
Maud de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln, Countess of Hertford and Gloucester (25 January 1223- 1287/10 March 1289), was an English noblewoman, being the eldest child of John de Lacy, 1st Earl of Lincoln , and the wife of Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford , 2nd Earl of Gloucester. Her son was Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford , 3rd Earl of Gloucester, a powerful noble during the reigns of kings Henry III of England and Edward I .
Family
Maud was born on 25 January 1223 in Lincoln , Lincolnshire , England, the eldest child of John de Lacy, 1st Earl of Lincoln, a Magna Carta Surety, and Margaret de Quincy (1206- 30 March 1266). Maud had a younger brother Edmund de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln who married in 1247 Alasia of Saluzzo, by whom he had three children.
Maud was styled as the Countess of Lincoln, however, she never held that title suo jure .
Her paternal grandparents were Roger de Lacy and Maud de Clare. Her maternal grandparents were Robert de Quincy and Hawise of Chester, Countess of Lincoln.[1]
Maud and her mother, Margaret were never close; in point of fact, relations between the two women were described as strained. Throughout Maud's marriage, the only interactions between Maud and her mother were on a financial level, pertaining to the substantial Marshal family property Margaret owned and controlled due to the latter's second marriage on 6 January 1242 to Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke (1196- 24 November 1245) almost two years after the death of Maud's father, John de Lacy in 1240.[2] Margaret married her third husband, Richard of Wiltshire before 7 June 1252.
Marriage and children
On 25 January 1238 which was her fifteenth birthday, Maud married Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, and 2nd Earl of Gloucester, son of Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford , 1st Earl of Gloucester, and Isabel Marshal . Maud was his second wife; his first marriage, which was made clandestinely, to Megotta de Burgh had been annulled. Maud's parents paid King Henry III the enormous sum of 5,000 pounds to obtain his agreement to the marriage. The King supplied her dowry which consisted of the castle of Usk , the manor of Clere, as well as other lands and manors.[2]
Together Richard and Maud had seven children:[3]
Death of Richard de Clare
On 15 July 1262, her husband died near Canterbury . Maud designed and commissioned a magnificent tomb for him at Tewkesbury Abbey where he was buried. She also donated the manor of Sydinghowe to the priory of Legh, Devonshire for the soul of Richard, formerly her husband, earl of Gloucester and Hertford by charter dated to 1280.[3] Their eldest son Gilbert succeeded Richard as the 7th Earl of Hertford and 3rd Earl of Gloucester. Maud carefully arranged the marriages of her daughters; however, the King owned her sons' marriage rights.[2] She was involved in numerous lawsuits and litigations with her tenants and neighbours, as a result she was known as the most litigious woman in the 13th century.[2]
Maud herself died sometime between 1287 and 10 March 1289. Her numerous descendants included Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard , both Queens consort of Henry VIII ; and the Dukes of Norfolk .
***********
From Magna Charta Barons, p. 103:
"Maud, wife of Richard de Clare, Earl of Gloucester. John, Earl of Lincoln, was promised the marriage of his eldest daughter to Richard de Clare, in the event of the king not marrying him to a daughter of the Earl of March, and for this grant he engaged to pay five thousand marks. This agreement, having been made without the consent of the Barons, excited considerable dissatisfaction, especially in the elder de Clare."
Maud married Sir Richard de Clare, 8th Earl of Clare 137 192 193 on 25 Jan 1238. Richard was born on 4 Aug 1222, died on 15 Jul 1262 in Asbenfield, Waltham near Canterbury, England at age 39, and was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.
Marriage Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f48/a0024834.htm has m. 2 Feb 1238
Noted events in his life were:
• 6th Earl of Hertford:
• 2nd Earl of Gloucester:
(Duplicate Line. See Person 116)
156. Edmund de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln (Margaret de Quincy114, Robert II de Quincy83, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) died in 1257.
Research Notes: Commonly called the "second Earl of Lincoln," although he died before his mother and therefore did not actually inherit the title.
From Magna Charta Barons, pp. 102-103:
Edmund de Lacie, second Earl of Lincoln, d. 1257. He is called the second Earl, although the title was never attributed to him in any charter, by reason that he died before his mother, through whom the dignity came. Dugdale states that he married, in 1247, 'an outlandish lady from the parts of Savoy, brought over purposely for him by Peter de Savoy, uncle to the queen, which occasioned much discontent amongst the nobles of England.' This lady was Alice, daughter of the Marquess of Saluces, in Italy, and a cousin of the queen."
157. Joan de Vere 239 240 (Robert III de Vere, 5th Earl of Oxford115, Hawise de Quincy84, Margaret de Beaumont58, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester45, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France8, Anne , of Kiev6, Yaroslav I, of Kiev4, Vladimir I, of Kiev3, Sviatoslav I, of Kiev2, Igor, Grand Prince of Kiev1) was born about 1258 in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, died on 23 Nov 1293 about age 35, and was buried in Lewes, Surrey, England.
Joan married Sir William de Warenne, Earl of Surrey 195 196 about 1285. William was born in Feb 1256 in Surrey, England and died on 15 Dec 1286 in Croyden, Middlesex, England at age 30.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 83-29 has m. abt. 1285
Death Notes: Killed in a tournament
Noted events in his life were:
• Sub-granted for life: Bromfield and Yale, castle of Dinas Bran, 1284. by his father, John de Warenne. Castle Leonis (Holt Castle) was undoubtedly still under construction at that time.
• Knighted: 1285, Winchester Castle, Winchester, (Hampshire), England.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 124)
158. Thomas de Clare, Lord of Inchiquin and Yougal 241 242 (Sir Richard de Clare, 8th Earl of Clare116, Sir Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester86, Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester63, Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester46, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester28, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester15, Hugh Magnus , of Vermandois and