Husband Eberhard , Margrave of Friuli
Born: Abt 818 - Friuli, Italy
Christened:
Died: 16 Dec 866
Buried:
Marriage: Bef 840
Wife Gisèle 1 2 3
AKA: Gisela
Born: 820 - France
Christened:
Died: 1 Jul 874
Buried:
Father: Louis I , Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks (0778-0840) 3 4 5 6
Mother: Judith , of Bavaria (Abt 0798-0843) 7 8 9
Children
Research Notes: Husband - Eberhard , Margrave of Friuli
Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871876
Husband Eberhard , Count in the Betuwe 10 11
AKA: Eberhard Count of Beteau
Born: Abt 1031 - France
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 F Adelheid , Countess of Betuwe 10 11
AKA: Adela, Adele, Alix Countess of Beteau
Born: Abt 1023 - France
Christened:
Died: Aft 1086
Buried:
Spouse: Henry II , Count of Leuven and Brussels (Abt 1021-1079) 11 12 13
Husband Eberhard III , Count in Nordgau 14
Born: Abt 835 - <Nordgau Region>
Christened:
Died: Aft 898
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M Hugo III , Count in Nordgau 14
Born: Abt 870 - <Nordgau Region>
Christened:
Died: 940
Buried:
Spouse: Hildegard (Abt 0876- ) 14
Marr: Abt 899
Husband Eberhard IV , Count in Nordgau 14
Born: Abt 900 - <Nordgau>
Christened:
Died: 18 Dec 973 - <Nordgau>
Buried:
Father: Hugo III , Count in Nordgau (Abt 0870-0940) 14
Mother: Hildegard (Abt 0876- ) 14
Marriage:
Wife Liutgard 14 15
AKA: Luitgard
Born: Abt 910 - <Bidgau-Trier>
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M Hugo V , Count in Nordgau 14
Born: Abt 928 - <Nordgau Region>
Christened:
Died: Bef 986
Buried:
2 F Hedwig , of Nordgau 16
Born: Betw 922 and 937
Christened:
Died: 993
Buried:
Spouse: Siegfried , of Luxembourg (Abt 0922-0988) 17
Marr: Abt 950
Research Notes: Wife - Liutgard
Her parents were probably not Wigeric and Cunigonde. From Wikipedia (Wigeric of Lotharingia ):
"Some genealogies record two other children, Henry and Liutgard, who were in fact son and daughter of another Wigeric, son of Roric, a contemporary living in the shire of Bidgau-Trier."
Husband Ebles Mancer , Count of Poitou
Born: 868
Christened:
Died: 932
Buried:
Father: Ranulf II , Count of Poitou (Abt 0855-0890)
Mother:
Marriage: 911
Other Spouse: Aremburge ( - ) 18 - 892
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Poitou, 890-892, 903
Wife Emiliane 18
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Research Notes: Husband - Ebles Mancer , Count of Poitou
Per Ancestral Roots, line 144A-18, "bastard of Ranulf II by Ermengarde, prob. a concubine"
Research Notes: Wife - Emiliane
Husband Uchtred the Bold , Earl of Northumbria 19 20 21
AKA: Ughtred of Northumbria, Uhtred of Bamburgh, Uhtred Earl of Northumbria
Born: Abt 971
Christened:
Died: 1016
Buried:
Father: Waltheof , of Bamburgh (Abt 0960- ) 21 22
Mother:
Marriage:
Other Spouse: Ælfgifu (Abt 0997- ) 23 24
Wife Ecgfrida 21 25
AKA: Eggfrida
Born: Abt 973 - <England>
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: Aldhun , of Durham (Abt 0959-Abt 1018) 26
Mother:
Children
1 M Ealdred , Earl of Bernicia 25 27 28
AKA: Aldred of Bernicia, Ealdred Earl of Bamburgh
Born: Abt 994 - <Bernicia, Northumbria>, England
Christened:
Died: 1038
Buried:
Death Notes: Husband - Uchtred the Bold , Earl of Northumbria
Assassinated by Thurbrand the Hold
Research Notes: Husband - Uchtred the Bold , Earl of Northumbria
3rd husband of Ælfgifu
From Wikipedia - Uhtred of Bamburgh :
Uchtred or Uhtred, called the Bold, was the ealdorman of all Northumbria from 1006 to 1016, when he was assassinated. He was the son of Waltheof I , ealdorman of Bamburgh , whose ancient family had ruled from the castle of Bamburgh on the Northumbrian coast.
In 995, according to Symeon of Durham , when the remains of St Cuthbert were transferred from Chester-le-Street to Durham , Uhtred helped the monks clear the site of the new cathedral. The new cathedral was founded by Bishop Aldhun , and Uhtred married Aldhun's daughter, Ecgfrida, probably at about this time. From his marriage he received several estates that had belonged to the church. [1]
In 1006 Malcolm II of Scotland invaded Northumbria and besieged the newly founded episcopal city of Durham . At that time the Danes were raiding southern England and King Ethelred was unable to send help to the Northumbrians. Ealdorman Waltheof was too old to fight and remained in his castle at Bamburgh . Ealdorman Ælfhelm of York also took no action. Uhtred, acting for his father, called together an army from Bernicia and Yorkshire and led it against the Scots. The result was a decisive victory for Uhtred. Local women washed the severed heads of the Scots, receiving a payment of a cow for each, and the heads were fixed on stakes to Durham's walls. Uhtred was rewarded by King Ethelred II with the ealdormanry of Bamburgh even though his father was still alive. In the mean time, Ethelred had had Ealdorman Ælfhelm of York murdered, and he allowed Uhtred to succeed Ælfhelm as ealdorman of York, thus uniting northern and souther Northumbria under the house of Bamburgh. It seems likely that Ethelred did not trust the Scandinavian population of southern Northumbria and wanted an Anglo-Saxon in power there. [2]
After receiving these honours Uhtred dismissed his wife, Ecgfrida, and married Sige, daughter of Styr, son of Ulf. Styr was a rich citizen of York. It appears that Uhtred was trying to make political allies amongst the Danes in Deira. [2]
In 1013 King Sweyn of Denmark invaded England, sailing up the Humber and Trent to the town of Gainsborough . Uhtred submitted to him there, as did all of the Danes in the north. In July 1013 Ethelred was forced into exile in Normandy. After London had finally submitted to him, Swein was accepted as king by Christmas 1013. However he only reigned for five weeks, for he died at, or near, Gainsborough on 2 February 1014. At Sweyn's death, Ethelred was able to return from exile and resume his reign. Uhtred, along with many others, transferred his allegiance back to Ethelred, on his return. Uhtred also married Ethelred's daughter Ælfgifu about this time. [2]
In 1016 Uhtred campaigned with Ethelred's son Edmund Ironside in Cheshire and the surrounding shires. While Uhtred was away from his lands, Sweyn's son, Cnut , invaded Yorkshire. Cnut's forces were too strong for Uhtred to fight, and so Uhtred did homage to him as King of England . Uhtred was summoned to a meeting with Cnut, and on the way there, he and forty of his men were murdered by Thurbrand the Hold, with the connivance of Cnut. Uhtred was succeeded in Bernicia by his brother Eadwulf Cudel . Cnut made the Norwegian, Eric of Hlathir , ealdorman ("earl" in Scandinavian terms) in southern Northumbria. [1]
The killing of Uhtred by Thurbrand the Hold started a blood feud that lasted for many years. Uhtred's son Ealdred subsequently avenged his father by killing Thurbrand, but Ealdred in turn was killed by Thurbrand's son, Carl. Eadred's vengeance had to wait until the 1070s, when Waltheof , Eadred's grandson had his soldiers kill most of Carl's sons and grandsons. This is an example of the notorious Northumbrian blood feuds that were common at this time. [3]
Uhtred's dynasty continued to reign in Bernicia through Ealdred (killed 1038) his son from his marriage to Ecgfrida, and Eadulf (killed 1041) his son from his marriage to Sige, and briefly Eadulf's son Osulf held the earldom of northern Northumbria 1067 until he too was killed. Uhtred's marriage to Ælfgifu produced a daughter, Ealdgyth, who married Maldred, brother of Duncan I of Scotland and who gave birth to a son, Gospatric , who was Earl of Northumbria from 1068 to 1072. [4]
Research Notes: Wife - Ecgfrida
Death Notes: Child - Ealdred , Earl of Bernicia
Murdered by his cousin Carl, son of Thurbrand the Hold
Husband Edward I "the Elder" , King of England 29 30 31
AKA: Eadweard se Ieldra King of England
Born: Betw 871 and 875 - Wessex, England
Christened:
Died: 17 Jul 924 or 925 - Fardon-on-Dee, Cheshire, England
Buried: - New Minster, Winchester, England
Father: Alfred the Great , King of Wessex, King of England (Betw 0847/0849-0899) 32 33 34
Mother: Ealhswith , of the Gaini, Queen of the Anglo-Saxons (Abt 0852-0904/0905) 35 36 37
Marriage: Abt 893
Other Spouse: Elfreda (Abt 0878- ) 11 30 38 - 899
Other Spouse: Eadgifu (Abt 0881-0968) 39 40 - Abt 919
Noted events in his life were:
• King of England, 899-924
Wife Ecgwynn
AKA: Egwina
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
Research Notes: Husband - Edward I "the Elder" , King of England
From Wikipedia - Edward the Elder :
Edward I the Elder (Old English : se Ieldra) (c. 870 - 17 July 924 ) was King of England (899 - 924 ). He was the son of Alfred the Great (Ælfr se Gr) and Alfred's wife, Ealhswith , and became King of Wessex upon his father's death in 899 .
Family
Edward had four siblings, including Ethelfleda , Queen of the Mercians and Ælfthryth, Countess of Flanders .
King Edward had about fourteen children from three marriages, and may have had illegitimate children too.
Edward married (although the exact status of the union is uncertain) a young woman of low birth called Ecgwynn around 893 , and they became the parents of the future King Athelstan and a daughter who married Sihtric , King of Dublin and York in 926. Nothing is known about Ecgwynn other than her name, which was not even recorded until after the Conquest . [5][6]
When he became king in 899 , Edward set Ecgwynn aside and married Ælfflæd , a daughter of Æthelhelm, the ealdorman of Wiltshire . [7] Their son was the future king, Ælfweard , and their daughter Eadgyth married Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor . The couples other children included five more daughters: Edgiva aka Edgifu, whose first marriage was to Charles the Simple ; Eadhild, who married Hugh the Great , Duke of Paris; Ælfgifu who married Conrad King of Burgundy; and two nuns Eadflæd and Eadhild. According to the entry on Boleslaus II of Bohemia , the daughter Adiva (referred to in the entry for Eadgyth ) was his wife. A son, Edwin Ætheling who drowned in 933[8] was possibly Ælfflæd's child, but that is not clear.
Edward married for a third time, about 919 , to Edgiva , aka Eadgifu,[7] the daughter of Sigehelm, the ealdorman of Kent . They had two sons who survived infancy, Edmund and Edred , and two daughters, one of whom was Saint Edburga of Winchester the other daughter, Eadgifu, married Louis d'Aveugle, King of Arles.
Eadgifu outlived her husband and her sons, and was alive during the reign of her grandson, King Edgar . William of Malmsbury 's history De antiquitate Glastonie ecclesiae claims that Edward's second wife, Aelffaed, was also alive after Edward's death, but this is the only known source for that claim.
Research Notes: Wife - Ecgwynn
Source: Wikipedia - Edward the Elder. Edward's first wife.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 1-15 (Edward I). Burke's Peerage, 1967 edition, calls Egwina his mistress.
Husband Æthelred Mucill, Ealdorman of the Gaini 41
AKA: Æthelred Mucil Ealdorman of the Gaini
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife Edburga
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 F Ealhswith , of the Gaini, Queen of the Anglo-Saxons 35 36 37
AKA: Aethelwitha, Ealswitha of the Gaini
Born: Abt 852 - Mercia <Gaines, Lincolnshire, England>
Christened:
Died: 5 Dec 904 or 905
Buried: - St. Mary's Abbey, Winchester, Hampshire, England
Spouse: Alfred the Great , King of Wessex, King of England (Betw 0847/0849-0899) 32 33 34
Marr: 869
Research Notes: Wife - Edburga
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-14 (Alfred the Great)
Husband Hugh Magnus , Count of Paris 42
Born: Abt 895 - Paris, (Île-de-France), France
Christened:
Died: 16 Jun 956 - Deurdan, France
Buried: - St. Denis Basilica, Paris, (Île-de-France), France
Father: Robert I , Duke of France (0866-0923) 43
Mother: Beatrice de Vermandois (0880-Aft 0931) 44 45
Marriage: 926
Other Spouse: Hedwig , of Saxony ( -0965) 46 - 938 - Mainz oder Ingelheim
Wife Edhilda
Born:
Christened:
Died: Abt 26 Jan 945
Buried:
Children
Research Notes: Husband - Hugh Magnus , Count of Paris
Count of Paris, Orléans, Vexin and Le Mans, Duke of France.
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Research Notes: Wife - Edhilda
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Husband Gruffydd I ap Llywelyn, Prince of North Wales 24 47
AKA: Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Prince of North Wales
Born: Abt 1011 - <Rhuddlyn, Flintshire>, Wales
Christened:
Died: 5 Aug 1063
Buried:
Father: Llywelyn ap Seisyll, Prince of N Wales, King of Deheubarth & Gwynedd (Abt 0980-Abt 1023) 24 48 49
Mother: Angharad verch Maredudd ap Owain ( - ) 49 50 51
Marriage: Abt 1057
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Gwynedd & Powys, 1039
• King of Deheubarth, 1055
Wife Edith 24 52
AKA: Aldgyth, Ealdgyth Queen of England
Born: Abt 1034 - <Mercia>, England
Christened:
Died: Aft 1086
Buried:
Father: Ælfgar , Earl of Mercia (Abt 1002-Aft 1062) 24 53
Mother: Ælfgifu (Abt 0997- ) 23 24
Other Spouse: Harold II , King of England (Abt 1022-1066) 54 - Abt 1064
Children
1 F Nest verch Gruffydd 24 55
AKA: Nesta of North Wales
Born: Abt Jul 1055 - Wales
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Spouse: Osborn Fitz Richard, of Richard's Castle, Hereford (Abt 1055-Aft 1100) 24 56
Death Notes: Husband - Gruffydd I ap Llywelyn, Prince of North Wales
Slain
Birth Notes: Child - Nest verch Gruffydd
FamilySearch has b. abt 1059, Rhuddlan, Flintshire, Wales.
Sources
1. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 146-15, 250-15.
2. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871877.
3. Wikipedia.org, Louis the Pious.
4. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 140-14, 148-14.
5. Wikipedia.org, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou.
6. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871724.
7. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 140-14 (Louis I), 148-14 (Louis I).
8. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871879.
9. Wikipedia.org, Judith of Bavaria (795-843).
10. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-22 (Henry II).
11. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 31 Jul 2009.
12. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-22.
13. Wikipedia.org, Godfrey I of Leuven, Henry III of Leuven.
14. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 9 Aug 2009.
15. Wikipedia.org, Wigeric of Lotharingia.
16. Wikipedia.org, Hedwig of Nordgau. Cit. Date: 13 Sep 2009.
17. Wikipedia.org, Siegfried of Luxembourg. Cit. Date: 13 Sep 2009.
18. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 144A-18 (Ebles Mancer).
19. Wikipedia.org, Uhtred of Bamburgh.
20. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 34-20 (Ælfgifu).
21. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 21 Jul 2009.
22. Wikipedia.org, Waltheof of Bamburgh.
23. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176A-3 (Aelfgar).
24. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 17 Jul 2009.
25. Wikipedia.org, Ealdred, Earl of Bamburgh.
26. Wikipedia.org, Aldhun.
27. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 130-25 (Judith of Lens).
28. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 28 Jul 2009.
29. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-15, 45-16.
30. Wikipedia.org, Edward the Elder.
31. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872162.
32. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-14, 44-15.
33. Wikipedia.org, Alfred the Great.
34. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I59387198.
35. Wikipedia.org, Ealhswith, Alfred the Great.
36. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-14 (Alfred the Great), 44-15 (Alfred the Great).
37. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871981.
38. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872375.
39. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872190.
40. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-15 (Edward I).
41. Wikipedia.org, Ealhswith.
42. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 53-19, 101-19, 141-19 (Hedwig of Saxony).
43. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 48-18, 53-18, 101-18.
44. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 48-18, 53-18 (Robert I), 101-18 (Robert I).
45. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 24 Jul 2009.
46. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 141-19, 53-19 (Hugh Magnus).
47. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176-2.
48. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176-1.
49. Lee, Sidney, ed, Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. XII (New York, 1909.), p. 1015.
50. Davies, John, A History of Wales. (Rev. ed. New York: Penguin Group, 2007.), p. 81.
51. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176-1 (Llywelyn ap Seisyll).
52. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176A-4.
53. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176A-3.
54. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1B-23.
55. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 177-2.
56. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 177-2 (Nesta).