1. Charlemagne King of France, Holy Roman Emperor, son of Pepin III "the Short" King of the Franks and Bertrada of Laon, was born on 2 Apr 747 in Ingelheim, Rheinhessen, Hesse-Darmstadt, Austrasia [Belgium], died from 28 Jan 813 to 814 in Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia [Germany] at age 65, and was buried in Notre Dame d'Aix-la-Chapelle, Rhineland, Prussia [Germany]. Other names for Charlemagne were Carolus Magnus, Charles I Holy Roman Emperor, and Charles the Great.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-13 has b. 2 Apr 747, d. Aix la Chapelle, 28 Jan 813/4, King of France 768-814, crowned Holy Roman Emperor 25 Dec. 800.
Also FamilySearch.org Compact Disc #94 Pin #91438
(submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer)
From Wikipedia - Charlemagne :
Charlemagne (Latin : Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus, meaning Charles the Great) (742 /747 - 28 January 814 ) was King of the Franks from 768 to his death. He expanded the Frankish kingdoms into a Frankish Empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned Imperator Augustus by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800 as a rival of the Byzantine Emperor in Constantinople . His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance , a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church . Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe and the Middle Ages . He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of France , Germany , and the Holy Roman Empire .
The son of King Pippin the Short and Bertrada of Laon , he succeeded his father and co-ruled with his brother Carloman I . The latter got on badly with Charlemagne, but war was prevented by the sudden death of Carloman in 771. Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy and became its protector, removing the Lombards from power in Italy, and waging war on the Saracens , who menaced his realm from Spain . It was during one of these campaigns that Charlemagne experienced the worst defeat of his life, at Roncesvalles (778). He also campaigned against the peoples to his east, especially the Saxons , and after a protracted war subjected them to his rule. By forcibly converting them to Christianity, he integrated them into his realm and thus paved the way for the later Ottonian dynasty .
Today he is not only regarded as the founding father of both French and German monarchies, but as the father of Europe: his empire united most of Western Europe for the first time since the Romans, and the Carolingian renaissance encouraged the formation of a common European identity..,
Date and place of birth
Charlemagne is traditionally believed to have been born on April 2 , 742; however, several factors have led to a reconsideration of this date. First, the year 742 was calculated from his age given at death, rather than from attestation in primary sources. Another date is given in the Annales Petarienses , April 1 , 747. In that year, April 1 was at Easter . The birth of an emperor at eastertime is a coincidence likely to provoke comment, but there was no such comment documented in 747, leading some to suspect that the Easter birthday was a pious fiction concocted as a way of honoring the Emperor. Other commentators weighing the primary records have suggested that his birth was one year later, in 748. At present, it is impossible to be certain of the date of the birth of Charlemagne. The best guesses include April 1 , 747, after April 15 , 747, or April 1 , 748, in Herstal (where his father was born, a city close to Liège in modern day Belgium ), the region from where both the Merovingian and Carolingian families originate. He went to live in his father's villa in Jupille when he was around seven, which caused Jupille to be listed as a possible place of birth in almost every history book. Other cities have been suggested, including, Prüm , Düren , Gauting and Aachen ...
Early life
Charlemagne was the eldest child of Pippin the Short (714 - 24 September 768, reigned from 751) and his wife Bertrada of Laon (720 - 12 July 783 ), daughter of Caribert of Laon and Bertrada of Cologne . Records name only Carloman , Gisela , and a short-lived child named Pippin as his younger siblings. The semi-mythical Redburga , wife of King Egbert of Wessex , is sometimes claimed to be his sister (or sister-in-law or niece), and the legendary material makes him Roland 's maternal uncle through a lady Bertha.
Much of what is known of Charlemagne's life comes from his biographer, Einhard , who wrote a Vita Caroli Magni (or Vita Karoli Magni), the Life of Charlemagne...
Charles and his children
During the first peace of any substantial length (780-782), Charles began to appoint his sons to positions of authority within the realm, in the tradition of the kings and mayors of the past. In 781 he made his two younger sons kings, having them crowned by the Pope. The elder of these two, Carloman , was made king of Italy , taking the Iron Crown which his father had first worn in 774, and in the same ceremony was renamed "Pippin". The younger of the two, Louis , became king of Aquitaine . He ordered Pippin and Louis to be raised in the customs of their kingdoms, and he gave their regents some control of their subkingdoms, but real power was always in his hands, though he intended each to inherit their realm some day. Nor did he tolerate insubordination in his sons: in 792, he banished his eldest, though illegitimate, son, Pippin the Hunchback , to the monastery of Prüm, because the young man had joined a rebellion against him.
The sons fought many wars on behalf of their father when they came of age. Charles was mostly preoccupied with the Bretons, whose border he shared and who insurrected on at least two occasions and were easily put down, but he was also sent against the Saxons on multiple occasions. In 805 and 806, he was sent into the Böhmerwald (modern Bohemia ) to deal with the Slavs living there (Czechs ). He subjected them to Frankish authority and devastated the valley of the Elbe, forcing a tribute on them. Pippin had to hold the Avar and Beneventan borders, but also fought the Slavs to his north. He was uniquely poised to fight the Byzantine Empire when finally that conflict arose after Charlemagne's imperial coronation and a Venetian rebellion. Finally, Louis was in charge of the Spanish March and also went to southern Italy to fight the duke of Benevento on at least one occasion. He took Barcelona in a great siege in the year 797 (see below).
Charlemagne's attitude toward his daughters has been the subject of much discussion. He kept them at home with him, and refused to allow them to contract sacramental marriages - possibly to prevent the creation of cadet branches of the family to challenge the main line, as had been the case with Tassilo of Bavaria - yet he tolerated their extramarital relationships, even rewarding their common-law husbands, and treasured the bastard grandchildren they produced for him. He also, apparently, refused to believe stories of their wild behaviour. After his death the surviving daughters were banished from the court by their brother, the pious Louis, to take up residence in the convents they had been bequeathed by their father. At least one of them, Bertha, had a recognised relationship, if not a marriage, with Angilbert , a member of Charlemagne's court circle...
Death
In 813, Charlemagne called Louis the Pious , king of Aquitaine , his only surviving legitimate son, to his court. There he crowned him with his own hands as co-emperor and sent him back to Aquitaine. He then spent the autumn hunting before returning to Aachen on 1 November . In January, he fell ill with pleurisy (Einhard 59). He took to his bed on 21 January and as Einhard tells it:
He died January twenty-eighth, the seventh day from the time that he took to his bed, at nine o'clock in the morning, after partaking of the Holy Communion , in the seventy-second year of his age and the forty-seventh of his reign.
He was buried on the day of his death, in Aachen Cathedral , although the cold weather and the nature of his illness made such a hurried burial unnecessary. A later story, told by Otho of Lomello, Count of the Palace at Aachen in the time of Otto III , would claim that he and Emperor Otto had discovered Charlemagne's tomb: the emperor, they claimed, was seated upon a throne, wearing a crown and holding a sceptre, his flesh almost entirely incorrupt. The story was proved false by Frederick I , who discovered the remains of the emperor in a sarcophagus beneath the floor of the chapel.[7]
Charlemagne's death greatly affected many of his subjects, particularly those of the literary clique who had surrounded him at Aachen...
Marriages and heirs
Charlemagne had seventeen children over the course of his life with eight of his ten known wives or concubinues.
Concubinages and illegitimate children
Bibliography
Noted events in his life were:
• Acceded: as Emperor of the West & King of Franks, 768.
• Also Acceded: King of the Lombards & Holy Roman Emperor, 774.
Charlemagne married Hildegarde of Swabia before 30 Apr 771 in Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany). Hildegarde was born about 758 in Aix-la-Chapelle [Aachen], Rhineland, Prussia [Germany], died on 30 Apr 783 in Thionville, [Moselle], [Lorraine], Austrasia [France] about age 25, and was buried in Abbaye de St. Arnoul, Metz, [Moselle], [Lorraine], Austrasia [France]. Other names for Hildegarde were Hildegard "the Swabian" of Vinzgau, and Hildegarde of Savoy.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 2 M i. Pepin King of Italy and Lombardy was born in Apr 773, was christened on 12 Apr 781 in Rome, Italy, and died on 8 Jul 810 in Milan, Italy at age 37.
+ 3 M ii. Charles "Karl" von Ingelheim - Duke of Ingelheim was born in 772 and died in 811 at age 39.
+ 4 M iii. Louis I Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks was born in Aug 778 in Garonne, France and died on 20 Jun 840 in Ingelheim, Germany at age 61.
Charlemagne had a relationship with Himiltrude. This couple did not marry.
Charlemagne next married Desiderata in 770.
Charlemagne next married Fastrade in 784. Fastrade died in 794.
Charlemagne next married Luitgard in 794. They had no children.
Second Generation 2. Pepin King of Italy and Lombardy was born in Apr 773, was christened on 12 Apr 781 in Rome, Italy, and died on 8 Jul 810 in Milan, Italy at age 37.
Christening Notes: Baptized at Rome, 12 Apr. 781, by Pope Adrian I
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-14
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) has b. Apr 777.
Wikipedia has b. April 773.
From Wikipedia - Pepin of Italy :
Pepin (April 773 - 8 July 810 ) was the son of Charlemagne and king of Italy (781 -810) under the authority of his father.
Pepin was the third son of Charlemagne , and the second with his wife Hildegard . He was born Carloman, but when his brother Pepin the Hunchback betrayed their father, the royal name Pepin passed to him. He was made king of Italy after his father's conquest of the Lombards , in 781, and crowned by Pope Hadrian I with the Iron Crown of Lombardy .
He was active as ruler of Italy and worked to expand the Frankish empire. In 791 , he marched a Lombard army into the Drava valley and ravaged Pannonia , while his father marched along the Danube into Avar territory. Charlemagne left the campaigning to deal with a Saxon revolt in 792 . Pepin and Duke Eric of Friuli continued, however, to assault the Avars' ring-shaped strongholds. The great Ring of the Avars, their capital fortress, was taken twice. The booty was sent to Charlemagne in Aachen and redistributed to all his followers and even to foreign rulers, including King Offa of Mercia .
His activities included a long, but unsuccessful siege of Venice in 810. The siege lasted six months and Pepin's army was ravaged by the diseases of the local swamps and was forced to withdraw. A few months later Pepin died.
He married Bertha, daughter of William of Gellone , count of Toulouse , and had five daughters with her (Adelaide , married Lambert I of Nantes ; Atala; Gundrada; Bertha; and Tetrada), all of whom but the eldest were born between 800 and Pepin's death and died before their grandfather's death in 814 . Pepin also had an illegitimate son Bernard . Pepin was expected to inherit a third of his father's empire, but he predeceased him. The Italian crown passed on to his son Bernard, but the empire went to Pepin's younger brother Louis the Pious .
Pepin had a relationship with [Daughter of Duke Bernard]. This couple did not marry.
+ 5 M i. Bernard King of Italy was born in 797 in Vermand, Picardy, France and died on 17 Apr 818 in Milan, Italy at age 21.
Pepin married Bertha before 800.
3. Charles "Karl" von Ingelheim - Duke of Ingelheim was born in 772 and died in 811 at age 39.
Research Notes: FamilySearch.org Compact Disc #94 Pin #103107
(submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer)
Charles married
+ 6 M i. Rowland de Burgh was born in Ingelheim.
4. Louis I Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks was born in Aug 778 in Garonne, France and died on 20 Jun 840 in Ingelheim, Germany at age 61. Other names for Louis were Louis the Debonaire Holy Roman Emperor, Louis I "the Fair" Holy Roman Emperor, and Louis the Pious Holy Roman Emperor.
Research Notes: Holy Roman Emperor 814-840
Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871724
King of the Franks, Crowned Holy Roman Emperor at Rheims 816-840. Louis began the partitioning of his father's empire.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 148-14.
From Wikipedia - Louis the Pious - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_the_Pious
Louis the Pious (also known as Louis I, Louis the Fair, and Louis the Debonaire, German : Ludwig der Fromme, French : Louis le Pieux or Louis le Débonnaire, Italian : Luigi il Pio or Ludovico il Pio, Spanish : Luis el Piadoso or Ludovico Pío) (778 - 20 June 840 ) was Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks from 814 to his death in 840 .
Birth and Rule in Aquitaine
Louis was born while his father Charlemagne was on campaign in Spain, at the Carolingian villa of Cassinogilum, according to Einhard and the anonymous chronicler called Astronomus ; the place is usually identified with Chasseneuil , near Poitiers.[1] He was the third son of Charlemagne by his wife Hildegard .
Louis was crowned king of Aquitaine as a child in 781 and sent there with regents and a court. Charlemagne constituted the sub-kingdom in order to secure the border of his kingdom after his devastating defeat at the hands of Basques in Roncesvalles in (778).
In 794, Charlemagne settled four former Gallo-Roman villas on Louis, in the thought that he would take in each in turn as winter residence: Doué-la-Fontaine in today's Anjou , Ebreuil in Allier , Angeac-Charente , and the disputed Cassinogilum. Charlemagne's intention was to see all his sons brought up as natives of their given territories, wearing the national costume of the region and ruling by the local customs. Thus were the children sent to their respective realms at so young an age. Each kingdom had its importance in keeping some frontier, Louis's was the Spanish March . In 797 , Barcelona , the greatest city of the Marca, fell to the Franks when Zeid, its governor, rebelled against Córdoba and, failing, handed it to them. The Umayyad authority recaptured it in 799 . However, Louis marched the entire army of his kingdom, including Gascons with their duke Sancho I of Gascony , Provençals under Leibulf , and Goths under Bera , over the Pyrenees and besieged it for two years, wintering there from 800 to 801 , when it capitulated. The sons were not given independence from central authority, however, and Charlemagne ingrained in them the concepts of empire and unity by sending them on military expeditions far from their home bases. Louis campaigned in the Mezzogiorno against the Beneventans at least once.
Louis was one of Charlemagne's three legitimate sons to survive infancy, and, according to Frankish custom, Louis had expected to share his inheritance with his brothers, Charles the Younger , King of Neustria , and Pepin , King of Italy . In the Divisio Regnorum of 806 , Charlemagne had slated Charles the Younger as his successor as emperor and chief king, ruling over the Frankish heartland of Neustria and Austrasia , while giving Pepin the Iron Crown of Lombardy , which Charlemagne possessed by conquest. To Louis's kingdom of Aquitaine, he added Septimania , Provence , and part of Burgundy .
But in the event, Charlemagne's other legitimate sons died - Pepin in 810 and Charles in 811 - and Louis alone remained to be crowned co-emperor with Charlemagne in 813 . On his father's death in 814 , he inherited the entire Frankish kingdom and all its possessions (with the sole exception of Italy, which remained within Louis's empire, but under the direct rule of Bernard , Pepin's son).
Emperor
He was in his villa of Doué-la-Fontaine , Anjou , when he received news of his father's passing. Hurrying to Aachen , he crowned himself and was proclaimed by the nobles with shouts of Vivat Imperator Ludovicus.
In his first coinage type, minted from the start of his reign, he imitated his father Charlemagne's portrait coinage, giving an image of imperial power and prestige in an echo of Roman glory [2]. He quickly enacted a "moral purge", in which he sent all of his unmarried sisters to nunneries, forgoing their diplomatic use as hostage brides in favour of the security of avoiding the entanglements that powerful brothers-in-law might bring. He spared his illegitimate half-brothers and tonsured his father's cousins, Adalard and Wala, son of Bernard , shutting them up in Noirmoutier and Corbie , respectively, despite the latter's initial loyalty.
His chief councillors were Bernat, margrave of Septimania , and Ebbo , whom, born a serf, Louis would raise to the archbishopric of Rheims but who would ungratefully betray him later. He retained some of his father's ministers, such as Elisachar , abbot of St Maximin near Trier , and Hildebold, Archbishop of Cologne . Later he replaced Elisachar with Hildwin, abbot of many monasteries.
He also used Benedict of Aniane (the Second Benedict), a Septimanian Visigoth and monastic founder, to help him reform the Frankish church. One of Benedict's primary reforms was to ensure that all religious houses in Louis' realm adhered to the Rule of St Benedict , named for its creator, the First Benedict, Benedict of Nursia (480 -550 ).
In 816 , Pope Stephen V , who had succeeded Leo III , visited Rheims and again crowned Louis. The Emperor thereby strengthened the papacy by recognising the importance of the pope in imperial coronations.
Ordinatio imperii
On Maundy Thursday 817 , Louis and his court were crossing a wooden gallery from the cathedral to the palace in Aachen when the gallery collapsed, killing many. Louis, having barely survived and feeling the imminent danger of death, began planning for his succession; three months later he issued an Ordinatio Imperii, an imperial decree that laid out plans for an orderly succession. In 815 , he had already given his two eldest sons a share in the government, when he had sent his elder sons Lothair and Pepin to govern Bavaria and Aquitaine respectively, though without the royal titles. Now, he proceeded to divide the empire among his three sons and his nephew Bernard of Italy :
If one of the subordinate kings died, he was to be succeeded by his sons. If he died childless, Lothar would inherit his kingdom. In the event of Lothar dying without sons, one of Louis the Pious' younger sons would be chosen to replace him by "the people". Above all, the Empire would not be divided: the Emperor would rule supreme over the subordinate kings, whose obedience to him was mandatory.
With this settlement, Louis tried to combine his sense for the Empire's unity, supported by the clergy, while at the same time providing positions for all of his sons. Instead of treating his sons equally in status and land, he elevated his first-born son Lothair above his younger brothers and gave him the largest part of the Empire as his share.
Bernard's rebellion and Louis's penance
The ordinatio imperii of Aachen left Bernard of Italy in an uncertain and subordinate position as king of Italy, and he began plotting to declare independence upon hearing of it. Louis immediately directed his army towards Italy, and betook himself to Chalon-sur-Saône . Intimidated by the emperor's swift action, Bernard met his uncle at Chalon, under invitation, and surrendered. He was taken to Aix-la-Chapelle by Louis, who there had him tried and condemned to death for treason. Louis had the sentence commuted to blinding, which was duly carried out; Bernard did not survive the ordeal, however, dying after two days of agony. Others also suffered: Theodulf of Orleans , in eclipse since the death of Charlemagne, was accused of having supported the rebellion, and was thrown into a monastic prison, where he died soon after - poisoned, it was rumoured.[3] The fate of his nephew deeply marked Louis's conscience for the rest of his life.
Louis the Pious doing penance at Attigny in 822
In 822, as a deeply religious man, Louis performed penance for causing Bernard's death, at his palace of Attigny near Vouziers in the Ardennes , before Pope Paschal I , and a council of ecclesiastics and nobles of the realm that had been convened for the reconciliation of Louis with his three younger half-brothers, Hugo whom he soon made abbot of St-Quentin, Drogo whom he soon made Bishop of Metz , and Theodoric. This act of contrition, partly in emulation of Theodosius I , had the effect of greatly reducing his prestige as a Frankish ruler, for he also recited a list of minor offences about which no secular ruler of the time would have taken any notice. He also made the egregious error of releasing Wala and Adalard from their monastic confinements, placing the former in a position of power in the court of Lothair and the latter in a position in his own house.
Frontier wars
At the start of Louis's reign, the many tribes - Danes , Obotrites , Slovenes , Bretons , Basques - which inhabited his frontierlands were still in awe of the Frankish emperor's power and dared not stir up any trouble. In 816, however, the Sorbs rebelled and were quickly followed by Slavomir, chief of the Obotrites, who was captured and abandoned by his own people, being replaced by Ceadrag in 818. Soon, Ceadrag too had turned against the Franks and allied with the Danes, who were to become the greatest menace of the Franks in a short time.
A greater Slavic menace was gathering on the southeast. There, Ljudevit Posavski , duke of Pannonia , was harassing the border at the Drava and Sava rivers. The margrave of Friuli , Cadolah , was sent out against him, but he died on campaign and, in 820, his margarvate was invaded by Slovenes. In 821, an alliance was made with Borna , duke of the Dalmatia , and Ljudevit was brought to heel. Peace continued until 827, when the younger Louis had to deal with a Bulgar horde descending on Pannonia.
On the far southern edge of his great realm, Louis had to control the Lombard princes of Benevento whom Charlemagne had never subjugated. He extracted promises from Princes Grimoald IV and Sico , but to no effect.
On the southwestern frontier, problems commenced early when, in 815, Séguin , duke of Gascony , revolted. He was defeated and replaced by Lupus III , who was dispossessed in 818 by the emperor. In 820 an assembly at Quierzy-sur-Oise decided to send an expedition against the Cordoban caliphate. The counts in charge of the army, Hugh , count of Tours , and Matfrid , count of Orléans , were slow in acting and the expedition came to naught.
First civil war
In 818, as Louis was returning from a campaign to Brittany , he was greeted by news of the death of his wife, Ermengarde . Ermengarde was the daughter of Ingerman , the duke of Hesbaye. Louis had been close to his wife, who had been involved in policymaking. It was rumoured that she had played a part in her nephew's death and Louis himself believed her own death was divine retribution for that event. It took many months for his courtiers and advisors to convince him to remarry, but eventually he did, in 820, to Judith , daughter of Welf , count of Altdorf . In 823 Judith gave birth to a son, who was named Charles .
The birth of this son damaged the Partition of Aachen, as Louis's attempts to provide for his fourth son met with stiff resistance from his older sons, and the last two decades of his reign were marked by civil war.
At Worms in 829, Louis gave Charles Alemannia with the title of king or duke (historians differ on this), thus enraging his son and co-emperor Lothair,[4] whose promised share was thereby diminished. An insurrection was soon at hand. With the urging of the vengeful Wala and the cooperation of his brothers, Lothair accused Judith of having committed adultery with Bernard of Septimania, even suggesting Bernard to be the true father of Charles. Ebbo and Hildwin abandoned the emperor at that point, Bernard having risen to greater heights than either of them. Agobard , Archbishop of Lyon , and Jesse , bishop of Amiens , too, opposed the redivision of the empire and lent their episcopal prestige to the rebels.
In 830, at Wala's insistence that Bernard of Septimania was plotting against him, Pepin of Aquitaine led an army of Gascons , with the support of the Neustrian magnates, all the way to Paris . At Verberie , Louis the German joined him. At that time, the emperor returned from another campaign in Brittany to find his empire at war with itself. He marched as far as Compiègne , an ancient royal town, before being surrounded by Pepin's forces and captured. Judith was incarcerated at Poitiers and Bernard fled to Barcelona.
Then Lothair finally set out with a large Lombard army, but Louis had promised his sons Louis the German and Pepin of Aquitaine greater shares of the inheritance, prompting them to shift loyalties in favour of their father. When Lothair tried to call a general council of the realm in Nijmegen , in the heart of Austrasia , the Austrasians and Rhinelanders came with a following of armed retainers, and the disloyal sons were forced to free their father and bow at his feet (831). Lothair was pardoned, but disgraced and banished to Italy. Pepin returned to Aquitaine and Judith - after being forced to humiliate herself with a solemn oath of innocence - to Louis's court. Only Wala was severely dealt with, making his way to a secluded monastery on the shores of Lake Geneva . Though Hilduin , abbot of Saint Denis , was exiled to Paderborn and Elisachar and Matfrid were deprived of their honours north of the Alps; they did not lose their freedom.
Second civil war
The next revolt occurred a mere two years later (832). The disaffected Pepin was summoned to his father's court, where he was so poorly received he left against his father's orders. Immediately, fearing that Pepin would be stirred up to revolt by his nobles and desiring to reform his morals, Louis the Pious summoned all his forces to meet in Aquitaine in preparation of an uprising, but Louis the German garnered an army of Slav allies and conquered Swabia before the emperor could react. Once again the elder Louis divided his vast realm. At Jonac , he declared Charles king of Aquitaine and deprived Pepin (he was less harsh with the younger Louis), restoring the whole rest of the empire to Lothair, not yet involved in the civil war. Lothair was, however, interested in usurping his father's authority. His ministers had been in contact with Pepin and may have convinced him and Louis the German to rebel, promising him Alemannia, the kingdom of Charles.
Soon Lothair, with the support of Pope Gregory IV , whom he had confirmed in office without his father's support, joined the revolt in 833. While Louis was at Worms gathering a new force, Lothair marched north. Louis marched south. The armies met on the plains of the Rothfeld. There, Gregory met the emperor and may have tried to sow dissension amongst his ranks. Soon much of Louis's army had evaporated before his eyes, and he ordered his few remaining followers to go, because "it would be a pity if any man lost his life or limb on my account." The resigned emperor was taken to Saint Médard at Soissons , his son Charles to Prüm , and the queen to Tortona . The despicable show of disloyalty and disingenuousness earned the site the name Field of Lies, or Lügenfeld, or Campus Mendacii, ubi plurimorum fidelitas exstincta est[5]
On November 13 , 833 , Ebbo of Rheims presided over a synod in the Church of Saint Mary in Soissons which deposed Louis and forced him to publicly confess many crimes, none of which he had, in fact, committed. In return, Lothair gave Ebbo the Abbey of Saint Vaast. Men like Rabanus Maurus , Louis' younger half-brothers Drogo and Hugh, and Emma, Judith's sister and Louis the German's new wife, worked on the younger Louis to make peace with his father, for the sake of unity of the empire. The humiliation to which Louis was then subjected at Notre Dame in Compiègne turned the loyal barons of Austrasia and Saxony against Lothair, and the usurper fled to Burgundy , skirmishing with loyalists near Châlons-sur-Saône . Louis was restored the next year, on 1 March 834 .
On Lothair's return to Italy, Wala, Jesse, and Matfrid, formerly count of Orléans, died of a pestilence and, on 2 February 835 , the Synod of Thionville deposed Ebbo, Agobard, Bernard , Bishop of Vienne , and Bartholomew , Archbishop of Narbonne . Lothair himself fell ill; events had turned completely in Louis favour once again.
In 836, however, the family made peace and Louis restored Pepin and Louis, deprived Lothair of all save Italy, and gave it to Charles in a new division, given at the diet of Crémieux . At about that time, the Vikings terrorised and sacked Utrecht and Antwerp . In 837, they went up the Rhine as far as Nijmegen, and their king, Rorik , demanded the wergild of some of his followers killed on previous expeditions before Louis the Pious mustered a massive force and marched against them. They fled, but it would not be the last time they harried the northern coasts. In 838, they even claimed sovereignty over Frisia , but a treaty was confirmed between them and the Franks in 839. Louis the Pious ordered the construction of a North Sea fleet and the sending of missi dominici into Frisia to establish Frankish sovereignty there.
Third civil war
In 837, Louis crowned Charles king over all of Alemannia and Burgundy and gave him a portion of his brother Louis's land. Louis the German promptly rose in revolt, and the emperor redivided his realm again at Quierzy-sur-Oise , giving all of the young king of Bavaria's lands, save Bavaria itself, to Charles. Emperor Louis did not stop there, however. His devotion to Charles knew no bounds. When Pepin died in 838, Louis declared Charles the new king of Aquitaine. The nobles, however, elected Pepin's son Pepin II . When Louis threatened invasion, the third great civil war of his reign broke out. In the spring of 839, Louis the German invaded Swabia, Pepin II and his Gascon subjects fought all the way to the Loire , and the Danes returned to ravage the Frisian coast (sacking Dorstad for a second time).
Lothair, for the first time in a long time, allied with his father and pledged support at Worms in exchange for a redivision of the inheritance. By a final placitum issued there, Louis gave Bavaria to Louis the German and disinherited Pepin II, leaving the entire remainder of the empire to be divided roughly into an eastern part and a western. Lothair was given the choice of which partition he would inherit and he chose the eastern, including Italy, leaving the western for Charles. The emperor quickly subjugated Aquitaine and had Charles recognised by the nobles and clergy at Clermont-en-Auvergne in 840. Louis then, in a final flash of glory, rushed into Bavaria and forced the younger Louis into the Ostmark . The empire now settled as he had declared it at Worms, he returned in July to Frankfurt am Main , where he disbanded the army. The final civil war of his reign was over.
Death
Louis fell ill soon after his final victorious campaigns and went to his summer hunting lodge on an island in the Rhine, by his palace at Ingelheim . On 20 June 840 , he died, in the presence of many bishops and clerics and in the arms of his half-brother Drogo, though Charles and Judith were absent in Poitiers. Soon dispute plunged the surviving brothers into a civil war that was only settled in 843 by the Treaty of Verdun , which split the Frankish realm into three parts, to become the kernels of France and Germany , with Burgundy and the Low Countries between them. The dispute over the kingship of Aquitaine was not fully settled until 860.
Louis the Pious, along with his half-brother Drogo, were buried in Saint Pierre aux Nonnains Basilica in Metz .
Marriage and issue
By his first wife, Ermengarde of Hesbaye (married ca 794-98), he had three sons and three daughters:
By his second wife, Judith of Bavaria , he had a daughter and a son:
By Theodelinde of Sens[citation needed ], he had two illegitimate children:
Notes
^ Einhard gives the name of his birthplace as Cassanoilum. In addition to Chasseneuil near Poitiers, scholars have suggested that Louis may have been born at Casseneuil (Lot et Garonne) or at Casseuil on the Garonne near La Réole, where the Dropt flows into the Garonne.
^ S. Coupland, "Money and coinage under Louis the Pious", Francia 17.1 (1990), p 25.
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge Medieval History, 700-900
^ Paired gold medallions of father and son had been struck on the occasion of the synod of Paris (825) that asserted Frankish claims as emperor, recently denigrated by the Byzantines; see Karl F. Morrison, "The Gold Medallions of Louis the Pious and Lothaire I and the Synod of Paris (825)" Speculum 36.4 (October 1961:592-599).
^ [1] .
Sources
Louis married Ermengarde of Hesbaye between 00 0794 and 795 in Garonne, France. Ermengarde was born about 778 and died on 3 Oct 818 in Angers, France about age 40. Another name for Ermengarde was Irmengarde of Hesbaye.
Children from this marriage were:
7 F i. Rotrude was born about 800 in France.
+ 8 M ii. Lothair I Holy Roman Emperor was born in 795 in Altdorf, Bavaria and died on 29 Sep 855 in Pruem, Germany at age 60.
+ 9 M iii. Louis II King of Germany was born about 805 and died on 8 Sep 876 in Frankfurt, Germany about age 71.
10 M iv. Pepin of Aquitaine was born in 797.
11 F v. Adelaide was born about 799.
12 F vi. Hildegard was born about 802. Another name for Hildegard was Matilda.
Louis next married Judith of Bavaria in 819. Judith was born about 798 in Bavaria, Germany and died on 9 Apr 843 in Tours, France about age 45.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 148-14 (Louis I) has m. 819
Children from this marriage were:
+ 13 M i. Charles II "the Bald" of France and Holy Roman Emperor was born on 13 Jun 823 in Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany and died on 5 Oct 877 in Mont Cenis at age 54.
14 F ii. Gisele was born in 820 in France and died in 874 at age 54. Another name for Gisele was Gisela.
Gisele married Eberhard Margrave of Friuli. Eberhard was born about 818 in Friuli, Italy and died on 16 Dec 866 about age 48.
Third Generation 5. Bernard King of Italy was born in 797 in Vermand, Picardy, France and died on 17 Apr 818 in Milan, Italy at age 21.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-15
Also Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
From Wikipedia - Bernard of Italy :
Bernard (b. 797 , Vermandois , Normandy ; d. 17 April 818 , Milan , Lombardy ) was the King of Italy from 810 to 818. He plotted against his uncle, Emperor Louis the Pious , when the latter's Ordinatio Imperii made Bernard a vassal of his cousin Lothair . When his plot was discovered, Louis had him blinded, a procedure which killed him.
Life
Bernard was the illegitimate son of King Pepin of Italy , the second legitimate son of the Emperor Charlemagne . In 810, Pepin died from an illness contracted at a siege of Venice; although Bernard was illegitimate, Charlemagne allowed him to inherit Italy. Bernard married Cunigunda of Laon in 813. They had one son, Pepin, Count of Vermandois .
Prior to 817, Bernard was a trusted agent of his grandfather, and of his uncle. His rights in Italy were respected, and he was used as an intermediary to manage events in his sphere of influence - for example, when in 815 Louis the Pious received reports that some Roman nobles had conspired to murder Pope Leo III, and that he had responded by butchering the ringleaders, Bernard was sent to investigate the matter.
A change came in 817, when Louis the Pious drew up an Ordinatio Imperii, detailing the future of the Frankish Empire. Under this, the bulk of the Frankish territory went to Louis' eldest son, Lothair; Bernard received no further territory, and although his Kingship of Italy was confirmed, he would be a vassal of Lothair. This was, it was later alleged, the work of the Empress, Ermengarde , who wished Bernard to be displaced in favour of her own sons. Resenting Louis' actions, Bernard began plotting with a group of magnates: Eggideo, Reginhard, and Reginhar, the last being the grandson of a Thuringian rebel against Charlemagne, Hardrad. Anshelm, Bishop of Milan and Theodulf, Bishop of Orléans , were also accused of being involved: there is no evidence either to support or contradict this in the case of Theodulf, whilst the case for Anshelm is murkier.[1][2]
Bernard's main complaint was the notion of his being a vassal of Lothair. In practical terms, his actual position had not been altered at all by the terms of the decree, and he could safely have continued to rule under such a system. Nonetheless, "partly true" reports came to Louis the Pious that his nephew was planning to set up an 'unlawful' - i.e. independent - regime in Italy.[3]
Louis the Pious reacted swiftly to the plot, marching south to Chalon. Bernard and his associates were taken by surprise; Bernard travelled to Chalon in an attempt to negotiate terms, but he and the ringleaders were forced to surrender to him. Louis had them taken to Aix-la-Chapelle, where they were tried and condemned to death. Louis 'mercifully' commuted their sentences to blinding, which would neutralise Bernard as a threat without actually killing him; however, the process of blinding (carried out by means of pressing a red-hot stiletto to the eyeballs) proved so traumatic that Bernard died in agony two days after the procedure was carried out. At the same time, Louis also had his half-brothers Drogo, Hugh and Theoderic tonsured and confined to monasteries, to prevent other Carolingian off-shoots challenging the main line. He also treated those guilty or suspected of conspiring with Bernard treated harshly: Theodulf of Orleans was gaoled, and died soon afterwards; the lay conspirators were blinded, the clerics deposed and imprisoned; all lost lands and honours. [4][5][6]
Legacy
His Kingdom of Italy was reabsorbed into the Frankish empire, and soon after bestowed upon Louis' eldest son Lothair. In 822, Louis made a display of public penance at Attigny , where he confessed before all the court to having sinfully slain his nephew; he also welcomed his half-brothers back into his favour. These actions possibly stemmed from guilt over his part in Bernard's death. It has been argued by some historians that his behaviour left him open to clerical domination, and reduced his prestige and respect amongst the Frankish nobility.[7] Others, however, point out that Bernard's plot had been a serious threat to the stability of the kingdom, and the reaction no less a threat; Louis' display of penance, then, "was a well-judged gesture to restore harmony and re-establish his authority."[8]
References
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
^ Riche, Pierre, The Carolingians, p. 148
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
^ Riche, Pierre, The Carolingians, p. 148
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700-900
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700-900
Sources
Bernard married Cunigunde. Cunigunde died abt 0835. Another name for Cunigunde was Cunigunda.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 15 M i. Pepin Count of Senlis, Peronne, St. Quentin was born between 00 0817 and 818 and died aft 0840.
6. Rowland de Burgh was born in Ingelheim.
Research Notes: FamilySearch.org Compact Disc #94 Pin #103109
(submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer)
Rowland married
+ 16 M i. Godfrey de Burgh was born in Ingelheim.
8. Lothair I Holy Roman Emperor was born in 795 in Altdorf, Bavaria and died on 29 Sep 855 in Pruem, Germany at age 60.
Research Notes: From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871901 :
King of the Franks, Holy Roman Emperor 840-855. Lothair received most of Burgundy and many German and French port cities upon the breakup of his grandfather's empire by his father, Louis. Upon his father's death, Lothair attepted to sieze the entire empire, but was defeated by his brothers Louis and Charles at the battle of Fontenoy in 841. He remained Emperor until his death in 855.
Lothair married Ermengarde on 15 Oct 821. Ermengarde was born about 805 in Orleans, Orleannais, France and died on 20 Mar 851 about age 46.
Children from this marriage were:
17 F i. Helletrude was born about 830 in Lorraine, France.
18 M ii. Lothair II King of Lorraine was born in 835 and died on 8 Aug 869 at age 34.
Lothair married Waldrade in 862. Waldrade was born about 837 and died in 868 about age 31.
9. Louis II King of Germany was born about 805 and died on 8 Sep 876 in Frankfurt, Germany about age 71.
Research Notes: From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593875189 :
King of Germany. Louis received Bavaria and the eastern lands of the empire of his grandfather Charlemange when the empire was divided among Louis' brothers.
Louis married Emma de Andech. Emma was born about 805 in Germany.
Children from this marriage were:
19 M i. Carloman King of Bavaria was born about 821 in Germany and died in 880 in Bavaria, Germany about age 59.
20 M ii. Charles III Holy Roman Emperor was born about 823.
13. Charles II "the Bald" of France and Holy Roman Emperor was born on 13 Jun 823 in Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany and died on 5 Oct 877 in Mont Cenis at age 54. Another name for Charles was Charles the Bald King of West Francia and Holy Roman Emperor.
Death Notes: Died near Mont Cenis in the Alps on 5 or 6 October 877
Research Notes: King of the Franks 840-877, Emperor 25 Dec 875-877
Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871985
Name Suffix: Holy Roman Emperor
Also Known As: King of Lorraine
REFN: 831
King of France 843-877, King of Lorraine 869-877, crowned Holy Roman Emperor at Rome 25 December 875. In 840, Charles joined with his half-brother Louis in opposing their brother Lothair who attempted to secure the empire for himself upon the death of their father Louis.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 148-15 has d. 6 Oct 877.
From Wikipedia - Charles the Bald - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_the_Bald:
Charles the Bald[1] (numbered Charles II of France and the Holy Roman Empire ) (French : Charles le Chauve; 13 June 823 - 6 October 877 ), Holy Roman Emperor (875 -877 ) and King of West Francia (840 -877 ), was the youngest son of Emperor Louis the Pious , by his second wife Judith .
Struggle against his brothers
He was born on 13 June 823 in Frankfurt , when his elder brothers were already adults and had been assigned their own regna, or subkingdoms, by their father. The attempts made by Louis the Pious to assign Charles a subkingdom, first Alemannia and then the country between the Meuse and the Pyrenees (in 832, after the rising of Pepin I of Aquitaine ) were unsuccessful. The numerous reconciliations with the rebellious Lothair and Pepin, as well as their brother Louis the German , King of Bavaria , made Charles's share in Aquitaine and Italy only temporary, but his father did not give up and made Charles the heir of the entire land which was once Gaul and would eventually be France. At a diet near Crémieux in 837, Louis the Pious bade the nobles do homage to Charles as his heir. This led to the final rising of his sons against him and Pepin of Aquitaine died in 838, whereupon Charles received that kingdom, finally once and for all. Pepin's son Pepin II would be a perpetual thorn in his side.
The death of the emperor in 840 led to the outbreak of war between his sons. Charles allied himself with his brother Louis the German to resist the pretensions of the new emperor Lothair I, and the two allies defeated Lothair at the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye on June 25 , 841 . In the following year, the two brothers confirmed their alliance by the celebrated Oaths of Strasbourg . The war was brought to an end by the Treaty of Verdun in August 843. The settlement gave Charles the Bald the kingdom of the West Franks, which he had been up till then governing and which practically corresponded with what is now France, as far as the Meuse , the Saône , and the Rhône , with the addition of the Spanish March as far as the Ebro . Louis received the eastern part of the Carolingian Empire , known as the East Francia and later Germany . Lothair retained the imperial title and the Iron Crown of Lombardy . He also received the central regions from Flanders through the Rhineland and Burgundy as king of Middle Francia .
[edit ] Reign in the West
Seal of Charles the Bald
The first years of Charles's reign, up to the death of Lothair I in 855 , were comparatively peaceful. During these years the three brothers continued the system of "confraternal government", meeting repeatedly with one another, at Koblenz (848 ), at Meerssen (851 ), and at Attigny (854 ). In 858 , Louis the German, invited by disaffected nobles eager to oust Charles, invaded the West Frankish kingdom. Charles was so unpopular that he was unable to summon an army, and he fled to Burgundy . He was saved only by the support of the bishops, who refused to crown Louis king, and by the fidelity of the Welfs , who were related to his mother, Judith. In 860 , he in his turn tried to seize the kingdom of his nephew, Charles of Provence , but was repulsed. On the death of his nephew Lothair II in 869 , Charles tried to seize Lothair's dominions, but by the Treaty of Mersen (870 ) was compelled to share them with Louis the German
Besides these family disputes, Charles had to struggle against repeated rebellions in Aquitaine and against the Bretons . Led by their chiefs Nomenoë and Erispoë , who defeated the king at Ballon (845 ) and Juvardeil (851 ), the Bretons were successful in obtaining a de facto independence. Charles also fought against the Vikings , who devastated the country of the north, the valleys of the Seine and Loire , and even up to the borders of Aquitaine. Several times Charles was forced to purchase their retreat at a heavy price. Charles led various expeditions against the invaders and, by the Edict of Pistres of 864 , made the army more mobile by providing for a cavalry element, the predecessor of the French chivalry so famous during the next 600 years. By the same edict, he ordered fortified bridges to be put up at all rivers to block the Viking incursions. Two of these bridges at Paris saved the city during its siege of 885-886 .
[edit ] Emperor
Charles the Bald in old age; picture from his Psalter
In 875 , after the death of the Emperor Louis II (son of his half-brother Lothair), Charles the Bald, supported by Pope John VIII , traveled to Italy, receiving the royal crown at Pavia and the imperial insignia in Rome on December 29 . Louis the German, also a candidate for the succession of Louis II, revenged himself by invading and devastating Charles' dominions, and Charles had to return hastily to Francia . After the death of Louis the German (28 August 876 ), Charles in his turn attempted to seize Louis's kingdom, but was decisively beaten at Andernach on October 8 , 876 . In the meantime, John VIII, menaced by the Saracens , was urging Charles to come to his defence in Italy. Charles again crossed the Alps , but this expedition was received with little enthusiasm by the nobles, and even by his regent in Lombardy , Boso , and they refused to join his army. At the same time Carloman , son of Louis the German, entered northern Italy. Charles, ill and in great distress, started on his way back to Gaul, but died while crossing the pass of Mont Cenis at Brides-les-Bain , on 6 October 877 .
According to the Annals of St-Bertin, Charles was hastily buried at the abbey of Nantua, Burgundy because the bearers were unable to withstand the stench of his decaying body. He was to have been buried in the Basilique Saint-Denis and may have been transferred there later. It was recorded that there was a memorial brass there that was melted down at the Revolution.
[edit ] Legacy
Charles was succeeded by his son, Louis . Charles seems to have been a prince of education and letters, a friend of the church, and conscious of the support he could find in the episcopate against his unruly nobles, for he chose his councillors from among the higher clergy, as in the case of Guenelon of Sens , who betrayed him, and of Hincmar of Reims .
It has been suggested that Charles was not in fact bald, but that his epithet was applied ironically - that, in fact, he was extremely hairy. In support of this idea is the fact that none of his enemies commented on what would be an easy target. However, none of the voluble members of his court comments on his being hairy; and the Genealogy of Frankish Kings, a text from Fontanell dating from possibly as early as 869, and a text without a trace of irony, names him as Karolus Caluus ("Charles the Bald"). Certainly, by the end of the 10th century, Richier of Reims and Adhemar of Chabannes refer to him in all seriousness as "Charles the Bald".[2]
[edit ] Family
Charles married Ermentrude , daughter of Odo I, Count of Orléans , in 842 . She died in 869 . In 870 , Charles married Richilde of Provence , who was descended from a noble family of Lorraine , but none of the children he had with her played a part of any importance.
With Ermentrude :
With Richilde:
[edit ] Notes
^ Charles II
^ Dutton, Paul E, Charlemagne's Mustache
Charles married Ermentrude of Orléams on 14 Dec 842. Ermentrude was born about 830 in Orleans, Orleannais, France and died on 6 Oct 869 about age 39.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 21 F i. Judith Princess of France was born in Oct 844 in France and died after 870.
+ 22 M ii. Louis II "the Stammerer" King of France was born on 1 Nov 846 in France and died on 10 Apr 879 in Compeigne, France at age 32.
23 M iii. Hersent was born about 862 in France.
Charles next married Richildis.
Fourth Generation 15. Pepin Count of Senlis, Peronne, St. Quentin was born between 00 0817 and 818 and died aft 0840. Another name for Pepin was Pepin of Vermandois.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-16
Also Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) has b. abt 815.
From Wikipedia - Pepin, Count of Vermandois :
Pepin (born c. 815 ) was the first count of Vermandois , lord of Senlis , Peronne , and Saint Quentin . He was the son of King Bernard of Italy and Cunigunda.
Pepin first appears in 834 as a count to the north of the Seine and then appears as same again in 840. In that year, he supported Lothair I against Louis the Pious .
Pepin's wife is unknown, but his heir inherited much Nibelungid territory and so historian K. F. Werner hypothesised a marriage to a daughter of Theodoric Nibelung . Their children were:
Pepin married
+ 24 M i. Herbert I Count of Vermandois was born about 850 and died from 6 Nov 900 to 907 about age 50.
25 M ii. Bernard Count of Laon was born about 844 and died after 893.
26 M iii. Pepin Count of Senlis and Lord of Valois was born about 846 and died in 893 about age 47.
27 F iv. Cunigunda .
28 F v. Gunhilde de Vermandois .
16. Godfrey de Burgh was born in Ingelheim.
Research Notes: FamilySearch.org Compact Disc #94 Pin #103111
(submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer)
Godfrey married
His child was:
29 M i. Baldwin I de Burgh .
21. Judith Princess of France was born in Oct 844 in France and died after 870. Another name for Judith was Judith of Flanders.
Research Notes: Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871945 has b. 843 in France. Baldwin I was her third husband.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-13 (AEthelwulf)
From Wikipedia - Judith of Flanders :
Judith of Flanders (844 - 870 ) was a daughter of the Frankish king Charles the Bald . Through her marriage to two kings of Wessex she was first a queen, then later through her third marriage to Baldwin, she became Countess of Flanders .
Judith was born in October of 844, the daughter of Charles the Bald , King of the Franks , and Ermentrude .
Her father gave her in marriage to Ethelwulf , King of Wessex on October 1 , 856 at Verberie sur Oise , France. Soon after, Ethelwulf's son Ethelbald forced his father to abdicate. Following Ethelwulf's death on January 13 , 858 , Ethelbald married his widowed stepmother. However, the marriage was annulled in 860 on the grounds of consanguinity .
[edit ] Elopement
Judith eloped with Baldwin in January 862 . They were likely married at the monastery of Senlis before they eloped. The couple was in hiding from Judith's father, King Charles the Bald, until October after which they went to her uncle Lothair II for protection. From there they fled to Pope Nicholas I . The pope took diplomatic action and asked Judith's father to accept the union as legally binding and welcome the young couple into his circle - which ultimately he did. The couple then returned to France and were officially married at Auxerre .
Baldwin was accepted as son-in-law and was given the land directly south of the Scheldt to ward off Viking attacks. Although it is disputed among historians as to whether King Charles did this in the hope that Baldwin would be killed in the ensuing battles with the Vikings, Baldwin managed the situation remarkably well. Baldwin succeeded in quelling the Viking threat, expanded both his army and his territory quickly, and became one of the most faithful supporters of King Charles. The March of Baldwin came to be known as the County of Flanders and was for a long time the most powerful principality of France.
[edit ] Succession
Judith and Baldwin had a son, Baldwin II , Count of Flanders, born in 864 . Judith died in 870.
Judith married Æthelwulf King of Wessex and King of Kent on 1 Oct 856 in Verberie-sur-Oise, France. Æthelwulf was born between 00 0795 and 800 and died on 13 Jan 858. Other names for Æthelwulf were Aethelwulf King of Wessex, and Ethelwulf King of Wessex.
Marriage Notes: Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871945
Judith next married Æthelbald King of Wessex after 13 Jan 858. Æthelbald died in 860. Another name for Æthelbald was Ethelbald King of Wessex.
Noted events in their marriage were:
• Annulment: of marriage to Aethelbald, 860. on grounds of consanguinity
Judith next married Baldwin I Count of Flanders in Jan 862. Baldwin was born about 836 and died in 879 in Flanders, Belgium about age 43. Other names for Baldwin were Baldwin "Iron Arm" Count of Flanders, and Baldwin I "Bras de Fer" Count of Flanders.
Noted events in their marriage were:
• Eloped: Jan 862.
• Marriage: with acceptance of Charles, 13 Dec 863, Auxerre, France.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 30 M i. Baldwin II Count of Flanders was born about 864 in Flanders, Belgium and died in 918 about age 54.
31 M ii. Widinile was born about 865 in Flanders, Belgium.
32 M iii. Raoul Count of Cambrai was born about 869 and died in 896 about age 27.
22. Louis II "the Stammerer" King of France was born on 1 Nov 846 in France and died on 10 Apr 879 in Compeigne, France at age 32. Another name for Louis was Louis "the Stammerer."
Research Notes: King of the Franks 877-879
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 148-16.
Louis married Adelaide of Paris about 868. Adelaide died after 9 Nov 901.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 33 M i. Charles III "the Simple" King of Western Francia was born on 17 Sep 879 and died on 7 Oct 929 in Péronne, Somme, France at age 50.
Fifth Generation 24. Herbert I Count of Vermandois was born about 850 and died from 6 Nov 900 to 907 about age 50. Another name for Herbert was Hubert I de Vermandois.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-17 has b. abt. 850, d. 6 Nov bet. 900/907. Count of Soissons, Count of Méaux, Count of Vermandois 877/900
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) has b. abt 840, d. abt 902. Has name as Hubert I.
Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871673
From Wikipedia - Herbert I, Count of Vermandois :
Herbert I of Vermandois (c. 848 /850 - 907 ), Count of Vermandois , lord of Senlis , of Peronne and of Saint Quentin , was the son of Pepin of Vermandois .
Marriage and issue
He married Bertha de Morvois . They had the following:
Herbert married Bertha de Morvois. Bertha was born about 844 in Namur, Belgium.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 34 M i. Herbert II Count of Vermandois, Soissons and Troyes was born between 00 0880 and 890 in Vermand, Picardy, France and died on 23 Feb 943 in St. Quentin, Picardy, France.
+ 35 F ii. Beatrice de Vermandois was born in 880 and died in 931 at age 51.
36 F iii. Cunigunde de Vermandois died in 943.
37 F iv. Adele of Vermandois .
38 M v. Berenger de Vermandois Count of Bayeaux .
30. Baldwin II Count of Flanders was born about 864 in Flanders, Belgium and died in 918 about age 54. Other names for Baldwin were Baldwin Calvus (the Bald) Count of Flanders, and Baldwin II "the Bald" Count of Flanders.
Research Notes: Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871978
Sam Geer has Baldwin II de Burgh, different dates.
From Wikipedia - Baldwin II, Count of Flanders
Baldwin II (c. 865 - September 10 , 918 ), nicknamed Calvus (the Bald) was the second count of Flanders . He was also hereditary abbot of St. Bertin from 892 till his death. He was the son of Baldwin I of Flanders and Judith , a daughter of Charles the Bald .
The early years of Baldwin's rule were marked by a series of devastating Viking raids. Little north of the Somme was untouched. Baldwin recovered, building new fortresses and improving city walls, and taking over abandoned property, so that in the end he held far more territory, and held it more strongly, than had his father. He also took advantage of the conflicts between Charles the Simple and Odo, Count of Paris to take over the Ternois and the Boulonnias .
In 884 Baldwin married Ælfthryth (Ælfthryth, Elftrude, Elfrida), a daughter of King Alfred the Great of England . The marriage was motivated by the common Flemish-English opposition to the Vikings, and was the start of an alliance that was a mainstay of Flemish policy for centuries to come.
In 900 , he tried to curb the power of Archbishop Fulk of Rheims by assassinating him, but he was excommunicated by Pope Benedict IV .
He died at Blandimberg and was succeeded by his eldest son Arnulf I of Flanders . His younger son Adalulf was (the first) count of Boulogne .
Family
He married Ælfthryth, a daughter of Alfred the Great , King of England. They had the following:
His fifth child however, was illegitimate.
Sources
Baldwin married Ælfthryth in 884. Ælfthryth was born about 869 in England and died on 9 Jun 929 about age 60. Other names for Ælfthryth were AEflaeda, Ælfreda, Elfleda, and Elfrida Countess of Flanders.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 39 M i. Arnulf I Count of Flanders and Artois was born about 890 in Flanders, Belgium and died 27 Mar 964 or 965 in Flanders, Belgium about age 74.
40 M ii. Adalulf Count of Boulogne was born about 890 and died in 933 about age 43.
41 F iii. Ealswid .
33. Charles III "the Simple" King of Western Francia was born on 17 Sep 879 and died on 7 Oct 929 in Péronne, Somme, France at age 50. Other names for Charles were Charles III "the Straightforward" King of Western Francia, Charles the Simple King of France, and Karolus Simplex King of France.
Research Notes: King of the Franks or King of Western Francia
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 148-17
Source: Wikipedia - Charles the Simple
Charles married Ogiva of England on 7 Oct 919. Ogiva was born in 902 in Wessex, England and died after 955. Other names for Ogiva were Edgifu, and Edgiva of England.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 148-17 (Charles III) has m. 918.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 43 M i. Louis IV d'Outre-Mer, King of the West Franks was born on 10 Sep 920 and died on 10 Sep 954 in Reims, Marne, Champagne, France at age 34.
Sixth Generation 34. Herbert II Count of Vermandois, Soissons and Troyes was born between 00 0880 and 890 in Vermand, Picardy, France and died on 23 Feb 943 in St. Quentin, Picardy, France. Another name for Herbert was Herbert II de Vermandois.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-18 has b. 880-890, d. St. Quentin, 23 Feb 943
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) - has b. bet 880 & 890, d. 943.
and
http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871672 - has b. abt 870, d. 943
From Wikipedia - Herbert II, Count of Vermandois :
Herbert II (884 - 23 February 943 ), Count of Vermandois and Count of Troyes , was the son of Herbert I of Vermandois .
Life
He inherited the domain of his father and in 907 , added to it the Saint de Soissons abbey . His marriage with Adela of France (also known as Liégarde) brought him the County of Meaux . In 918 , he was also named Count of Mézerais and of the Véxin . With his cousin Bernard , Count of Beauvais and Senlis , he constituted a powerful group in the west of France, to the north and east of Paris . In 923 , he imprisoned King Charles III in Chateau-Thierry , then in Péronne .
In 922 , the Archbishop of Rheims , Seulf , called on Herbert II to reduce some of his vassals who were in rebellion against him. On the death of Seulf, in 925 , with the help of King Rudolph , he acquired for his second son Hugh (then five years old) the archbishopric of Rheims, which had a large inheritance in France and Germany. In 926 , on the death of Count Roger of Laon , Herbert demanded this County for Eudes , his eldest son. He settled there, initially against the will of King Rudolph and constructed a fortress there. Rudolph yielded to pressure to free king Charles III, whom Herbert still held in prison. In 930 , Herbert took the castle of Vitry in Perthois at the expense of Boso, the brother of King Rudolph. Rudolph united his army with the army of Hugh, marquis of Neustria , and in 931 , they entered Rheims and defeated Hugh, the son of Herbert. Artaud became the new archbishop of Reims. Herbert II then lost, in three years, Vitry, Laon , Chateau-Thierry, and Soissons . The intervention of his ally, Henry the Fowler , allowed him to restore his domains (except Rheims and Laon) in exchange for his submission to King Rudolph.
Later Herbert allied with Hugh the Great and William Longsword , duke of Normandy against King Louis IV , who allocated the County of Laon to Roger II, the son of Roger I, in 941 . Herbert and Hugh the Great took back Rheims and captured Artaud. Hugh, the son of Herbert, was restored as archbishop. Again the mediation of the German King Otto I in Visé , near Liège , in 942 allowed for the normalization of the situation.
Death and legacy
Herbert II died on 23 February 943 without having succeeded in building the principality of which he dreamed. His succession was reconciled by Hugh the Great, maternal uncle of his children. It took place in 946 and led to an equitable distribution between the sons of Herbert II: Herbert III, Robert, Albert, and Hugh (his other son Eudes died before 946). As for his girls, Adela was married to Arnulf I , count of Flanders , Luitgarde (widow of William Longsword) was married to Theobald I , count of Blois , the first lieutenant of Hugh. She brought to Theobald Provins and domains in the Mézerais.
Family
...With Adela [daughter of Robert I of France], he had 7 children:
Herbert married Liegarde of France before 907. Liegarde was born about 886 in France. Other names for Liegarde were Adela of France, and Hildebrante of France.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 44 M i. Robert of Vermandois, Count of Trois and Meaux was born abt 0916 in Vermand, Picardy, France and died between 00 0967 and 968 in Troyes, Aube, Champagne, France.
+ 45 F ii. Adele of Vermandois was born between 00 0910 and 915 in Vermand, Picardy, France and died about 960 in Bruges.
46 M iii. Eudes of Vermandois, Count of Amiens and Vienne was born in 910 and died in 946 at age 36.
47 M iv. Herbert "the Elder" Count of Meaux and of Troyes died in 993.
+ 48 M v. Albert I "the Pious" Count of Vermandois was born about 920 and died on 8 Sep 987 about age 67.
49 F vi. Luitgarde of Vermandois was born about 920 and died after 978.
Luitgarde married William I "Longsword". William was born about 891 in <Rouen, France> and died on 17 Dec 942 about age 51.
Noted events in his life were:
• Succeeded: to County of Normandy, Abt 927.
• Bretons rebelled: Abt 930.
50 M vii. Hugh of Vermandois, Archbishop of Reims died in 962.
35. Beatrice de Vermandois was born in 880 and died in 931 at age 51.
Research Notes: Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Beatrice married Robert I King of the West Franks abt 0895. Robert was born in 866 in France and died on 15 Jun 923 in Soissons, France at age 57.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 51 M i. Hugh Magnus Count of Paris was born abt 0895 in Paris, France and died on 16 Jun 956 in Deurdan, France.
39. Arnulf I Count of Flanders and Artois was born about 890 in Flanders, Belgium and died 27 Mar 964 or 965 in Flanders, Belgium about age 74. Other names for Arnulf were Arnold I "the Old" Count of Flanders and Artois, and Arnulf the Great Count of Flanders and Artois.
Research Notes: Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871976 has b. abt 889, d. 27 Mar 964.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 162-18, has b. abt. 890, d. 27 Mar. 964.
From Wikipedia - Arnulf I, Count of Flanders
Arnulf I of Flanders (c. 890 - March 28 , 965 ), called the Great, was the third count of Flanders .
Arnulf was the son of count Baldwin II of Flanders and Ælfthryth , daughter of Alfred the Great . He was named after his distant ancestor, Saint Arnulf of Metz ; this was intended to emphasize his family's descent from the Carolingian dynasty.
History
Arnulf greatly expanded Flemish rule to the south, taking all or part of Artois , Ponthieu , Amiens , and Ostravent . He exploited the conflicts between Charles the Simple and Robert I of France , and later those between Louis IV and his barons .
In his southern expansion Arnulf inevitably had conflict with the Normans , who were trying to secure their northern frontier. This led to the 943 murder of the Duke of Normandy , William Longsword , at the hands of Arnulf's men.
The Viking threat was receding during the later years of Arnulf's life, and he turned his attentions to the reform of the Flemish government.
Family
In 934 he married Adele of Vermandois , daughter of Herbert II of Vermandois . Their children were:
He also had a previous daughter, Hildegard.
Arnulf made his eldest son and heir Baldwin III of Flanders co-ruler in 958, but Baldwin died untimely in 962, so Arnulf was succeeded by Baldwin's infant son, Arnulf II of Flanders .
[edit ] Sources
Arnulf married Adele of Vermandois in 934. Adele was born between 00 0910 and 915 in Vermand, Picardy, France and died about 960 in Bruges. Another name for Adele was Alix de Vermandois.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 52 F i. Elftrude was born about 912 in Flanders, Belgium.
53 F ii. Hildegarde was born about 914 in Flanders, Belgium.
54 F iii. Luitgard .
+ 56 M v. Baldwin III Count of Flanders was born about 915 in Flanders, Belgium and died on 1 Nov 962 in Flanders, Belgium about age 47.
43. Louis IV d'Outre-Mer, King of the West Franks was born on 10 Sep 920 and died on 10 Sep 954 in Reims, Marne, Champagne, France at age 34.
Research Notes: King of the West Franks 936-954
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 148-18
Louis married Gerberga of Saxony 939 or 940. Gerberga was born 913 or 914 and died on 5 May 984 at age 70.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 57 M i. Charles Duke of Lower Lorraine was born in 953 and died in 991 at age 38.
Seventh Generation 44. Robert of Vermandois, Count of Trois and Meaux was born abt 0916 in Vermand, Picardy, France and died between 00 0967 and 968 in Troyes, Aube, Champagne, France. Another name for Robert was Robert de Vermandois.
Research Notes: Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) has b. abt 920, d. bet 967 & 968.
Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871886 has b. abt 916, d. 29 aug 967/968
From Wikipedia - Robert of Vermandois :
Robert of Vermandois (died 968 ) was Count of Meaux after his father Herbert II of Vermandois .
He was married to Adelaide of Burgundy, daughter of Giselbert, Duke of Burgundy . They had three children:
Robert married Adelaide of Burgundy. Adelaide was born about 918 in Burgundy, France and died on 19 Aug 967 about age 49.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 58 F i. Adelaide of Vermandois was born in 950 and died between 00 0975 and 978.
45. Adele of Vermandois was born between 00 0910 and 915 in Vermand, Picardy, France and died about 960 in Bruges. Another name for Adele was Alix de Vermandois.
Research Notes: Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871977 gives name as Alix de Vermandois, d. abt 958.
Wikipedia - Arnulf I, Count of Flanders - gives her name as Adele of Vermandois. The Wikipedia article for Herbert II, Count of Vermandois, has her dates as 910-960.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 162-18 (Arnold I) has d. Bruges, 960. Line 48-20 (Alix de Vermandois) gives her parents as Liegarde (or Hildebrante) off France and Herbert II, d. 943, Count of Vermandois and Troyes, and show her marrying Arnold I, the Old, in 934.
Adele married Arnulf I Count of Flanders and Artois in 934. Arnulf was born about 890 in Flanders, Belgium and died 27 Mar 964 or 965 in Flanders, Belgium about age 74. Other names for Arnulf were Arnold I "the Old" Count of Flanders and Artois, and Arnulf the Great Count of Flanders and Artois.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 39)
48. Albert I "the Pious" Count of Vermandois was born about 920 and died on 8 Sep 987 about age 67. Other names for Albert were Adalbert I Count of Vermandois, Adelbert I Count of Vermandois, and Albert I le Pieux Count of Vermandois.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), Line 50-19 has b. abt. 920, d. 8 Sep 987. Line 142-19 (Gerberga of Lorraine) has b. 915/920, d. 987/88.
Wikipedia has b. betw 915 and 917, d. 9 Sep 988.
From Wikipedia - Adalbert I, Count of Vermandois :
Adalbert I of Vermandois (French : Albert I le Pieux, the Pious) (c. 915 /917 - 9 September 988 ), Count of Vermandois , was the son of Herbert II of Vermandois and Adela.
Family
In 954 he married Gerberge of Lorraine (c. 935 -978 ), daughter of Giselbert , Duke of Lorraine , and Gerberga of Saxony .
Their children were:
Albert married Gerberga of Lorraine before 954. Gerberga was born about 935 and died in 978 about age 43. Another name for Gerberga was Gerberge of Lorraine.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 59 M i. Herbert III Count of Vermandois was born about 955 and died in 993 about age 38.
60 M ii. Eudes of Vermandois was born about 956 and died in 983 about age 27.
61 M iii. Liudolfe de Noyon was born about 957 and died in 986 about age 29.
62 M iv. Guy I of Vermandois, Count of Soissons .
51. Hugh Magnus Count of Paris was born abt 0895 in Paris, France and died on 16 Jun 956 in Deurdan, France.
Research Notes: Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Hugh married Edhilda in 926. Edhilda died about 26 Jan 945.
Hugh next married Hedwig of Saxony in 937. Hedwig died after 958.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 63 M i. Hugh Capet King of France was born after 939 in France and died on 24 Oct 996 in Paris, France.
52. Elftrude was born about 912 in Flanders, Belgium. Another name for Elftrude was Elstrude.
Research Notes: Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872022 has name as Elftrude.
Wikipedia - Arnulf I, Count of Flanders - gives her name as Elftrude.
Elftrude married Sigfred "The Dane" First Count of Guînes. Sigfred was born about 910 in Denmark and died in 965 about age 55. Another name for Sigfred was Siegfried Count of Guînes.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 64 M i. Adolfus Count of Guînes was born about 937 in Guines, Pas de Calais, Artois, France and died in 996 about age 59.
65 F ii. Haloise de Guines was born about 940 in Guines, Pas de Calais, Artois, France.
56. Baldwin III Count of Flanders was born about 915 in Flanders, Belgium and died on 1 Nov 962 in Flanders, Belgium about age 47.
Research Notes: Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871973 -
CO-REGENT WITH FATHER 958-962. 4th Count of Flanders. Has b. abt 915.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 162-19, has b. abt. 940, d. 1 Jan. 961/2; m. abt. 961, Mathilde of Saxony. A death date of 1 Jan 961 would not make sense if m. abt. 961.
Wikipedia - Arnulf I, Count of Flanders, gives his death year as 962.
FamilySearch.org Compact Disc #94 Pin #103112 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer) has name as Baldwin II de Burgh, b. abt 933 in Flanders.
Baldwin married Mathilde of Saxony about 961. Mathilde was born about 921 in Saxony, Germany and died on 28 May 1008 about age 87. Another name for Mathilde was Matilda Billung.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 66 M i. Jean de Conteville was born about 960 in Normandie, France.
+ 67 M ii. Arnulf II Count of Flanders was born from about 00 0961 to 962 in Flanders, Belgium, died on 30 Mar 987 about age 25, and was buried in Ghent.
57. Charles Duke of Lower Lorraine was born in 953 and died in 991 at age 38. Another name for Charles was Charles of Lorraine.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 148-19
Charles married Adelheid before 979.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 68 F i. Ermengarde of Lorraine died after 1012.
Eighth Generation 58. Adelaide of Vermandois was born in 950 and died between 00 0975 and 978.
Research Notes: Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Adelaide married Geoffrey I Count of Anjou. Geoffrey died on 21 Jul 987.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 69 F i. Ermengarde d'Anjou .
59. Herbert III Count of Vermandois was born about 955 and died in 993 about age 38.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-20. This source has b. abt 955, but if he married Ogiva in 951, something is in error.
Herbert married Ermengarde. Ermengarde died after 1035.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 70 M i. Otto of Vermandois was born about 1000 and died on 25 May 1045 about age 45.
Herbert next married Ogiva of England in 951. Ogiva was born in 902 in Wessex, England and died after 955. Other names for Ogiva were Edgifu, and Edgiva of England.
63. Hugh Capet King of France was born after 939 in France and died on 24 Oct 996 in Paris, France. Another name for Hugh was Hugues Capet Duke of the Franks, King of France.
Research Notes: King of France 987-996.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), Line 141-20.
Also Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
From Wikipedia - Hugh Capet :
Hugh Capet[1] (c. 940 - 24 October 996 ) was the first King of France of the eponymous Capetian dynasty from his election to succeed the Carolingian Louis V in 987 until his death.
Descent and inheritance
The son of Hugh the Great , Duke of France , and Hedwige of Saxony , daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler , Hugh was born about 940. His paternal family, the Robertians , were powerful landowners in the Île-de-France . His grandfather had been King Robert I and his grandmother Beatrice was a Carolingian, a daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois . King Odo was his great uncle and King Rudolph Odo's son-in-law. Hugh was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the reigning nobility of Europe.[2] But for all this, Hugh's father was never king. When Rudolph died in 936, Hugh the Great organized the return of Louis d'Outremer , son of Charles the Simple , from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England . Hugh's motives are unknown, but it is presumed that he acted to forestall Rudolph's brother and successor as Duke of Burgundy, Hugh the Black from taking the French throne, or to prevent it from falling into the grasping hands of Herbert II of Vermandois or William Longsword , Count of Rouen .[3]
In 956, Hugh inherited his father's estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the much-reduced West Frankish kingdom . However, as he was not yet an adult, his uncle Bruno , Archbishop of Cologne , acted as regent . Young Hugh's neighbours made the most of the opportunity. Theobald I of Blois , a former vassal of Hugh the Great, took the counties of Chartres and Châteaudun . Further south, on the border of the kingdom, Fulk II of Anjou , another former client of Hugh the Great, carved out a principality at Hugh's expense and that of the Bretons .[4]...
Election and extent of power
From 978 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the Carolingian king, Lothair . By 986, he was king in all but name. After Lothair and his son died in early 987, the archbishop of Reims and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king....
Dispute with the papacy
Hugh made Arnulf Archbishop of Reims in 988, even though Arnulf was the nephew of the his bitter rival, Charles of Lorraine . Charles thereupon succeeded in capturing Reims and took the archbishop prisoner. Hugh, however, considered Arnulf a turncoat and demanded his deposition by Pope John XV . The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991, which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. These proceedings were repudiated by Rome, although a second synod had ratified the decrees issued at Reims. John XV summoned the French bishops to hold an independent synod outside the King's realm, at Aachen , to reconsider the case. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. The Pope then sent a legate with instructions to call a council of French and German bishops at Mousson , where only the German bishops appeared, the French being stopped on the way by Hugh and Robert.
Through the exertions of the legate, the deposition of Arnulf was finally pronounced illegal. After Hugh's death, Arnulf was released from his imprisonment and soon restored to all his dignities.
Legacy
Hugh Capet died on 24 October 996 in Paris and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica . His son Robert continued to reign.
Most historians regard the beginnings of modern France with the coronation of Hugh Capet. This is because, as Count of Paris , he made the city his power center. The monarch began a long process of exerting control of the rest of the country from there.
He is regarded as the founder of the Capetian dynasty . The direct Capetians, or the House of Capet , ruled France from 987 to 1328; thereafter, the Kingdom was ruled by collateral branches of the dynasty. All French Kings down to Louis Philippe , and royal pretenders since then, have been members of the dynasty (the Bonapartes styled themselves emperors rather than kings). As of 2007 , the Capetian dynasty is still the head of state in the kingdom of Spain (in the person of the Bourbon Juan Carlos ) and the duchy of Luxembourg , being the oldest continuously reigning dynasty in Europe. Queen Elizabeth II is a direct descendent of Hugh Capet.
Marriage and issue
Hugh Capet married Adelaide , daughter of William Towhead , Count of Poitou . Their children are as follows:
A number of other daughters are less reliably attested.[10]
References
Hugh married Adelaide de Poitou before 969. Adelaide was born in 945 and died on 15 Jun 1006 at age 61. Another name for Adelaide was Alix of Poitou.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 144A-20
Children from this marriage were:
+ 71 M i. Robert II "the Pious" King of France was born on 27 Mar 972 in Orleans, France and died on 20 Jul 1031 in Melun, France at age 59.
72 F ii. Hedwig of France died after 1013.
Hugh next married
His child was:
73 F i. Emma of Paris died about 968.
Emma married Richard I Duke of Normandy in 960. Richard was born about 933 in Fecamp, France and was buried on 20 Nov 996. Another name for Richard was Richard I "the Fearless" Duke of Normandy.
Marriage Notes: Betrothed about 945 and married 960
Noted events in his life were:
• Named: his father's heir, 29 May 942.
64. Adolfus Count of Guînes was born about 937 in Guines, Pas de Calais, Artois, France and died in 996 about age 59.
Research Notes: Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593874986
Adolfus married Maud de Bologne. Maud was born about 944.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 74 M i. Raoul Count of Guînes was born about 978 in Guines, Pas de Calais, France and died in 1036 about age 58.
66. Jean de Conteville was born about 960 in Normandie, France.
Research Notes: Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593874656
Rootsweb
Also FamilySearch.org Compact Disc #94 Pin #103113 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer) has b. 969 in Conteville, France.
Also http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593874656 (Jean de Conteville) - has b. abt 960 in Normandy, France. Parents: Baldwin III and Matilda Billung
Jean married
+ 75 M i. Herluin de Conteville Viscount of Conteville, Count of Crespon was born about 1001 in Conteville, Eure, Normandy, France and died in 1087 about age 86.
+ 76 F ii. Oda de Conteville was born about 998 in Conteville, Seine Maritime, France.
67. Arnulf II Count of Flanders was born from about 00 0961 to 962 in Flanders, Belgium, died on 30 Mar 987 about age 25, and was buried in Ghent. Another name for Arnulf was Arnold II the Young Count of Flanders.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 162-20, has b. abt. 961/2, d. 30 Mar. 987, m. 968 Rosela (or Susanna) of Ivrea, d. 26 Jan. 1003.
From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871971 :
1 NAME Arnulf II "the Young" of /Flanders/ 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001 1 BIRT 2 PLAC ,Flanders, Belgium 2SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001
[De La Pole.FTW]
Sources: RC 141, 184, 332; K and Q of Britain, Coe, A. Roots, AF,Smallwood, Kraentzler 1157, 1218, 1244, 1258; Pfafman.
Count of Flanders. Arnulf/Arnold.
K: Arnoul II, le Jeune, Count de Flandre et de Boulogne.
Another early arranged marriage?
This source has b. abt 941 in Flanders, d. 30 Mar 987, buried in Ghent.
Arnulf married Rosala of Ivrea in 968. Rosala was born about 943 in Ivrea, Luxembourg and died on 26 Jan 1003 about age 60. Another name for Rosala was Susanna of Ivrea.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 77 M i. Baldwin IV "the Bearded" Count of Valenciennes & Count of Flanders was born in 980 in Flanders and died 30 May 1035 or 1036 at age 55.
68. Ermengarde of Lorraine died after 1012.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-20
Ermengarde married Albert I Count of Namur in 990. Albert died between 00 0998 and 1011.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 78 M i. Albert II Count of Namur was born about 1000 and died in 1064 about age 64.
Ninth Generation Research Notes: Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Ermengarde married Conan I Count of Rennes, Duke of Brittany in 980. Conan died in 992.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 79 F i. Judith of Brittany was born about 982 in Bretagne, France and died in 1017 about age 35.
70. Otto of Vermandois was born about 1000 and died on 25 May 1045 about age 45. Other names for Otto were Eudes Count of Vermandois, and Otho Count of Vermandois.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-21
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